571 research outputs found
Role
No full textWhile the professional training of (conference) interpreters has long focused on the latters’ capacity to manage their cognitive efforts in translating speech from one language to another somehow independently on the context in which interpreting takes place (Gile 1995), the variety of communicative situations in which interpreters are increasingly involved as a consequence of the expansion of contacts across different regions of the world, has raised the issue of whether cognitive ability to find textual equivalents quickly was actually enough to: a. explain and b. inform interpreted rendition choices convincingly enough. While on the one hand the “conduit” model (Roy 1993) is still alive and thriving in most interpreter training programs, on the other field-work in doctor-patient talk (Englund-Dimitrova 1997), asylum hearings (Keselman et al. 2010) or from and into sign language (Metzger 1999, Turner 2009) has shown cases in point about what it means to provide effective interpreting in situations of high inequality.
Rethinking interpreters’ role in a communicative perspective has thus become a central issue in interpreting literature (Pöchhacker and Shlesinger 2002: part 7). In dialogue interpreting, in particular, analysis of interpreter-mediated occurrences of interaction has shown that some activities which are fundamental characteristics of talk, like repair, could not be dealt with, with no involvement of interpreters as “participants” (Wadensjö 1998). An interpreters’ “more active” role has thus been acknowledged as fundamental to achieve reciprocal understanding (Davidson 2002), solve underdeterminacy of interlocutors’ assumptions (Mason 2006) and ultimately address the goals of the interaction effectively (Davitti 2013, Straniero Sergio 2012).
Today, while the debate on interpreters’ role is still burning and the need of clear orientations in interpreting conduct most wanted (Hale 2007, Tebble 2012, Angelelli 2007), there seems to be a consensus that since no rendition can be provided without understanding the communication process and interpreting it, interpreters ‘cannot not participate’ in talk (Pöchhacker 2012: 50). The concept of interpreters’ role can thus possibly be viewed along two main axes. The first is that of interpreters as participants. In this respect, one dimension of interpreters’ role consists in identifying forms of participation in communicative events ranging from coordinating implicitly and explicitly (Wadensjö 1998), to negotiating authority and responsibility (Gavioli 2015). The second is that of interpreters as transformative agents, going from explications of implicit (cultural?) assumptions (Mason 2006) to advocacy (Leanza 2005), to more overt forms of activism (Inghilleri 2005, 2010; Boéri 2008) or empowerment (Baraldi 2012).
My contribution provides an overview of the development of the notion of interpreter’s role and of the changes brought to it from theoretical perspectives that look at participation and agency as fundamental to communication processes
Gemma 1786, il Museo Mineralogico e Geologico Estense del Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra. CD-Rom multimediale-Progetto "Musei Scientifici Universitari Modenesi" a cura del Servizio Accoglienza Studenti Disabili dell’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
No full textIn un CD-Rom accessibile anche a non vedenti è presentato il Museo Universitario "Gemma 1786", dalle sue origini alle più recenti attività, attraverso le collezioni ed il suo patrimonio storico-culturale. Il progetto, a cura del Servizio Accoglienza Studenti Disabili dell’Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (prof. Gavioli G.), coinvolge tutti e sei i Musei Universitari Modenensi per valorizzarli e promuovere una loro conoscenza anche ad un pubblico con disabilità
Enriching reality: a contribution to the debate on language corpora in language pedagogy
No full textIn recent years there has been considerable discussion of how fare ELT syllabuses and materials should be "corpus-driven" in order to better reflect linguistic reality. In this paper we argue that this debate has tended to overlook the potential of corpora as tools in the hands of learners, for whom they can provide a wide range of opportunities to observe and participate in real discourse for themselves
The PIXI Corpora
No full textOur everyday encounters as members of the public with clerck and assistants in shops and offices are generally experienced as routine, unproblematic events. All competent speakers can cite the standard patterns of dialogue which they believe such encounters typically follow. Nevertheless public service encounters in real life often present considerable linguistic complexity, revealing culture-specific patterns of organization and interactive negotiation which are not captured by intuitive accounts. With the aim of identifying such patterns and establishing relevant generalizations for second language pedagogy, the PIXI project has analysed corpora of naturally-occurring encounters in bookshops in England and Italy. This volume brings together the data collected in the project, for which over 300 encounters were audio-recorded and transcribed using a modified version of Jefferson's norms. The corpora are also available in a computer-readable form from the Oxford Text Archive
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonists as innovative antidepressant drugs
No full textNociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and its receptor (NOP) were identified in the mid 90s as a novel peptidergic system structurally related to opioids. A growing body of preclinical evidence suggests that blockade of NOP receptors evokes antidepressant-like actions. These have been explored using a range of compounds (peptide and non peptide antagonists), across different species (rat and mouse) and assays (behavioral despair and chronic mild stress) suggesting a robust and consistent antidepressant-like effect. Moreover, rats and mice knockout for the NOP receptor gene display an antidepressant-like phenotype in behavioral despair assays. Electrophysiological, immunohistochemical and neurochemical studies point to an important role played by monoaminergic systems, particularly 5-HTergic, in mediating the antidepressant-like properties of NOP antagonists. However other putative mechanisms of action, including modulation of the CRF system, circadian rhythm and a possible neuroendocrine-immune control might be involved. A close relationship between the N/OFQ-NOP receptor system and stress responses is well described in the literature. Stressful situations also alter endocrine, behavioral and neurochemical parameters in rats and chronic administration of a NOP antagonist restored these alterations. Interestingly, clinical findings showed that plasma N/OFQ levels were significantly altered in major and post-partum depression, and bipolar disease patients. Collectively, data in the literature support the notion that blockade of NOP receptor signaling could be a novel and interesting strategy for the development of innovative antidepressants
Enriching reality: Language corpora in language pedagogy
No full textIn recent years there has been considerable discussion of how far ELT syllabuses and materials should be 'corpus-driven' in order to better reflect linguistic reality. In this paper we argue that this debate has tended to overlook the potential of corpora as tools in the hands of learners, for whom they can provide a wide range of opportunities to observe and participate in real discourse for themselves. © 2001 Oxford University Press
Il doppiaggio: trasposizioni linguistiche e culturali
No full textParlare di doppiaggio è un po' come andare "alla ricerca del testo perduto" di quel testo fantasma che aleggia dietro il film doppiato, che avvertiamo, a volte con fastidio, ma spesso anche con ammirazione. Questo volume è un contributo a un'area della scienza della tarduzione che parte dall'ipotesi che proprio il film, nel confronto fra la versione originale e quella doppiata, possa costituire una griglia di lettura di sistemi linguistici e culturali diversi. nella prima sezione, due studiosi di cinema (G. Fink e F. la Polla) e due professionisti (O. Lionello e G. Galassi) discutono il doppiaggio sia come percorso traduttivo che come processo tecnico e metodologico. Nella seconda parte, R. Baccolini e L. gavioli presentano i primi risultati di una ricerca coordanata da R.M. Bollettieri, con l'intervento di un gruppo di studenti tarduttori/interpreti. La terza parte raccoglie i contributi di M. Pavesi, C. Taylor, M. Paolinelli e un'intervista di A. Licari a G. Galassi. Il volume è completato da un ampio repertorio bibliografico curato da R. Baccolini che traccia una prima mappa ragionata di studi sul tema
Subgroups of finite solvable groups inducing the same permutation character
No full textIn this paper there are found necessary and sufficient conditions that a pair of solvable finite groups, say G and K, must satisfy for the existence of a solvable finite group L containing two isomorphic copies of G and H inducing the same permutation character. Also a construction of L is given as an iterated wreath product, with respect to their actions on their natural modules, of finite one-dimensional affine groups
Adsorption of p-aminobenzenesulfonamide and its N1-phenyl and N1-pyridyl derivatives at the electrode-Solution interface
No full textThe adsorption of some sulfa-drugs, p-NH2ØSO2NH2, p-NH2ØSO2NHO, p-NH2ØSO2NHPy, was studied by a differential capacitance method at pH=12 at the dropping mercury electrode. The area occupied by each molecule of the N1-derivative compounds adsorbed at the mercury. electrolyte solution interface is {reversed tilde equals}80 Å2 which corresponds closely to the area expected for a molecule adsorbed flat on the electrode surface with its p-NH2Ø-S moiety. The ΔGads0(θ→0) values obtained at different potentials suggest that the adsorption process is less favoured when the potential decreases; however, the N1-pyridine derivative is always less adsorbed than the other sulfanilamides. © 1981 Elsevier Sequoia S.A
Teaching buckling of cylindrical shells through an effective laboratory demonstration
No full textA laboratory demonstration for a Stability of Structures course is presented, consisting in the buckling test of two cylindrical shells: a 3 D-printed and a composite cylinder. The learning outcomes have been formulated by comparing what can be learnt from theoretical lessons and buckling tests. The activity follows the Interactive Lecture Demonstration approach. Main results show that the activity helped students’ understanding of shell buckling and it increased their enthusiasm for the topic. This demonstration is easily implementable, and the presented step-by-step development methodology provides guidelines to develop similar activities for different engineering subjects.Aerospace Structures & Computational Mechanic
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