1,720,977 research outputs found
[Rational bases for the treatment of osteoporosis]
No full textBone tissue undergoes a continuous process of remodelling through resorption of damaged tissue by osteoclasts and apposition of new bone by osteoblasts, at the level of basic multicellular units (BMUs). The number of BMUs ultimately defines bone turnover and it is by itself a source of scarcely mineralized bone. In young healthy individuals bone resorption and bone formation are strictly coupled at the level of the individual BMU and thus of the entire skeleton. Bone loss in the elderly is due to both excess resorption over formation and increased turnover. The inhibitors of bone resorption diminishes the number of BMUs and this invariably decreases the rate of bone loss. However their effect at individual BMU is uncertain. Estrogen replacement therapy lessens the rate of bone loss in postmenopausal women but it does not seem to correct the imbalance between resorption and formation. In several studies bisphosphonates have been shown to induce a continuous positive balance, and this might indicate that these compounds are able to correct the basic alteration of bone metabolism leading to age-related bone loss
Serum thyroid hormone concentrations and weight loss relationships in eight obese women during semistarvation
No full textEight obese female patients were studied over a period of 15 days whilst on 300 kcal diet. Serum levels of thyroxine and free throxine index were not altered significantly by semistarvation. A TRH test performed before and after the diet showed no appreciable change. Weight loss was intially rapid but later slowed despite good patients compliance. Serum concentrations of T 3 and reverse T 3 (rT3) early decreased (p less than 0.01) and increased (p less than 0.05) respectively, but returned towards control levels even before discontinuation of semistarvation. There was a positive correlation between the percentage decrease in body weight and the percentage increase in serum rT 3 (p less than 0.001), and a negative correlation between decrease in body weight and decrease in serum T 3 (p less than 0.001). Our results do not suggest that the variations in serum triiodothyronines limit the weight loss; it is probable, on the contrary, that the weight loss promotes the observed variations in thyroid hormones by as yet unknown adaptive metabolic forces
[Serum calcium evaluation and incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism in hospitalized patients (author's transl)]
No full textAutomated laboratory procedures have made possible to "screen" a large population for specific biochemical abnormalities. Primitive hyperparathyroidism is for several respects an excellent disease model for testing "mass screening". Il is often asymptomatic, not uncommon, and is manifested by abnormalities in the levels of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus, that can be detected cheaply with automated equipment. A computer program has been developed to screen patients with hypercalcaemia. During a period of 18 months 22720 hospitalized patients were investigated by the evaluation of serum calcium, and 80 hypercalcaemic patients were found. The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was established in 24 patients (in 19 histologically confirmed) so that the incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism (1,05%) compares favorably with that reported from some foreign Authors
[Studies on the therapeutic efficacy of a new diuretic combination in patients with edema of hepatic and cardiac etiology]
No full textThe ultrastructure of bone cells and bone matrix in human primary hyperparathyroidism
No full textIt is an original study on bone composition in patients affected by primary hyeprparathyroidis
Failure of somatostatin to diagnose organic hyperinsulinism
No full textIn four patients with organic hyperinsulinism (two with surgically proven beta-cell adenomas of the body of the pancreas) a standard tolbutamide test during continuous somatostatin infusion (5 microgram/min) was carried out. Tolbutamide induced insulin release was completely inhibited by somatostatin as in normal subjects. These results suggest that the inhibition test with somatostatin does not seem to be a better or safer way of diagnosing insulin producing tumours
[Comparative studies of the behavior of blood calcium and urinary hydroxyproline after infusion of calcitonin and glucagon in patients with Paget's disease]
No full text
Response of Paget's disease to human calcitonin in patients resistant to porcine calcitonin
No full textEleven patients with Paget's disease of bone, treated intermittently for 2-4 years with porcine calcitonin (pCT) and clinically resistant to pCT [no modifications of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and urinary hydroxyproline ( uHOP ) during pCT administration] were treated with 0.5-0.25 mg/day of human calcitonin (hCT) for 3-6 months. Nine of our patients showed biochemical improvement during the first 2 months of treatment, with reduction in ALP and uHOP . In one patient with slightly increased ALP and uHOP , and in another one during the second treatment course, hCT treatment did not modify the biochemical indices of bone disease. However all patients, including those with biochemical resistance, experienced a remarkable diminution of bone pain, which had not been observed during previous pCT treatment courses. Therefore, hCT appears to be indicated for therapeutic use in patients who are resistant to foreign calcitonins
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