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    A Multiple Neural Network System to Classify Solder Joints on Integrated Circuits

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    The following paper introduces a diagnostic process to detect solder joint defects on Printed Circuit Boards assembled in Surface Mounting Technology. The diagnosis is accomplished by a Neural Network System which processes the images of the solder joints of the integrated circuits mounted on the board. The board images are acquired and then preprocessed to extract the regions of interest for the diagnosis which are the solder joints of the integrated circuits. Five different levels of solder quality in respect to the amount of solder paste have been defined. Two feature vectors have been extracted from each region of interest, the “geometric” feature vector and the “wavelet” feature vector. Both vectors feed the neural network system constituted by two Multi Layer Perceptron neural networks and a Linear Vector Quantization network for the classification. The experimental results are devoted to comparing the performances of a Multi Layer Perceptron network, of a Linear Vector Quantization network, and of the overall neural network system, considering both geometric and wavelet features. The results prove that the overall classifier is the best compromise in terms of recognition rate and time required for the diagnosis in respect to the single classifiers

    Graph Adjacency Matrix Associated with a Data Partition

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    A frequently recurring problem in several applications is to compare two or more data sets and evaluate the level of similarity. In this paper we describe a technique to compare two data partitions of different data sets. The comparison is obtained by means of matrices called Graph Adjacency Matrices which represent the data sets. Then, a match coefficient returns an estimation of the level of similarity between the data sets

    Genetic Feature Selection and Statistical Classification of Voids in Concrete Structure

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    In this work simulated ultrasonic waveforms in a concrete specimen obtained by a software based on finite element method were used to develop an automatic inspection method. A piezoelectric transducer is used to generate stress waves that are reflected by voids. Then the waves are received by another transducer set at a fixed distance from the first one on the same specimen surface. Time and frequency features has been extracted from the waveforms, the most significant features have been chosen by a genetic feature selection and the classification performances were estimated referring to a k-NN classifier
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