2,746 research outputs found
Current and future treatment options for infections caused by multidrugresistant Gram-negative pathogens
No full textThe spread of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pan-drug-resistant pathogens is causing an unprecedented public health crisis. The limited current therapeutic options led to the revival of two 'old' antibiotics - colistin and fosfomycin - for which a better understanding of their pharmacokinetics in the critically ill patient and in specific body compartments is required. Tigecycline's use in clinical practice for nonapproved indication based on its in vitro activity against problematic pathogens requires caution and probably higher doses. Furthermore, all three antibiotics should be used as part of combination regimens in order to prevent resistance and optimize outcomes. The development of new antibacterials in the near future, namely combinations of avibactam, ceftolozane/tazobactam and plazomicin, seems promising; however, they will only partially address current mechanisms of resistanc
Activity-rest stimulation protocol improves cardiac assistance in dynamic cardiomyoplasty
No full textEur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2002 Mar;21(3):478-82.
Activity-rest stimulation protocol improves cardiac assistance in dynamic cardiomyoplasty.
Rigatelli G, Carraro U, Barbiero M, Zanchetta M, Dimopoulos K, Cobelli F, Riccardi R, Rigatelli G.
Source
Department of Cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Lab and Cardiomyoplasty Project Unit, Legnago General Hospital, Verona, Italy. [email protected]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
No data have ever been published regarding cardiac assistance in demand dynamic cardiomyoplasty (DDCMP). We tested the efficacy of the Doppler flow wire in measuring beat-to-beat aortic flow velocity and evaluating cardiac assistance in demand cardiomyoplasty patients.
METHODS:
The technique was tested in seven patients (M/F=6/1; age=57.1+/-6.2 years; atrial fibrillation/sinus rhythm=1/6; NYHA=1.4+/-0.5). Measurements were done using a 0.018inch peripheral Doppler flow wire advanced through a 5F arterial femoral sheath. Three 1-min periods with the stimulator off and three 1-min periods with clinical stimulation were recorded. We measured peak aortic flow velocity in all beats. Latissimus dorsi (LD) mechanogram was simultaneously recorded.
RESULTS:
Comparison between pre-operative and follow-up data showed significantly higher values of tetanic fusion frequency (TFF) and ejection fraction at follow-up, whereas mean NYHA class was significantly lower. Statistical analysis showed an increase in aortic flow velocity not only in assisted versus rest period, but also in assisted versus unassisted beats (8.42+/-6.98% and 7.55+/-3.07%). A linear correlation was found between the increase in flow velocity and LD wrap TFF (r(2)=0.53).
CONCLUSIONS:
In DDCMP, systolic assistance is significant and correlated to LD speed of contraction; demand stimulation protocol maintains muscle properties and increases muscle performance.
PMID:
11888767
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
ANALYSIS OF THE ANOPHELES GAMBIAE GENOME WITH RAPD MARKERS
No full textRAPD analysis technique is used as a rapid and reliable tool for genome analysis in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. Using more than eighty different commercially available primers we identified more than sixty different DNA segments that were differentially amplified in different strains of An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis. An estimate of the cytogenetic position of these markers is provided by their hybridization to divisional dot-blot filters. Potentially useful RAPD markers can be cytogenetically mapped with more precision by in situ hybridization and, as they segregate as dominant markers in a Mendelian fashion, they can also be genetically mapped relative to other genes or rearrangements. Finally, we identified markers for their potential use in the identification of different mosquito strains
New advances in dynamic cardiomyoplasty: Doppler flow wire shows improved cardiac assistance in demand protocol
No full textASAIO J. 2002 Jan-Feb;48(1):119-23.
New advances in dynamic cardiomyoplasty: Doppler flow wire shows improved cardiac assistance in demand protocol.
Rigatelli G, Carraro U, Barbiero M, Zanchetta M, Pedon L, Dimopoulos K, Rigatelli G, Maiolino P, Cobelli F, Riccardi R, Volta SD.
Source
Department of Cardiology, Legnago General Hospital, Verona, Italy.
Abstract
No data have been published on real cardiac assistance with demand dynamic cardiomyoplasty. We tested the utility of a Doppler flow wire in measuring beat by beat aortic flow velocity and evaluating cardiac assistance in demand cardiomyoplasty patients. The technique was tested in seven patients (M/W = 6/1; age, 57.1+/-6.2 years; atrial fibrillation/ sinus rhythm = 1/6; New York Heart Association [NYHA] classification = 1.4+/-0.5). Measurements were done using a 0.018 inch peripheral Doppler flow wire advanced through a 5 French arterial femoral sheath. Three 1 minute periods with the stimulator off, and three 1 minute periods with clinical stimulation were recorded. We measured peak aortic flow velocity in all beats. Latissimus dorsi mechanogram was simultaneously recorded. Comparison between preoperative and follow-up data showed significantly higher values of tetanic fusion frequency and ejection fraction at follow-up, whereas mean NYHA class was significantly lower. Statistical analysis showed an increase in aortic flow velocity not only in the assisted versus rest period, but also in assisted versus unassisted beats (8.42+/-6.98% and 7.55+/-3.07%). A linear correlation was found between increase in flow velocity and latissimus dorsi wrap tetanic fusion frequency (r2 = 0.53). In demand dynamic cardiomyoplasty, systolic assistance is significant and correlated to the latissimus dorsi speed of contraction; a demand stimulation protocol maintains muscle properties and increases muscle performance.
PMID:
11814090
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
An ESICM systematic review and meta-analysis proalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy algorithms in adult critically ill patients
No full textElderly versus non-elderly patients with intra-abdominal candidiasis in the ICU
No full textIntra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) has a considerable cost in terms of mortality and morbidity. We sought to study the epidemiology, characteristics and outcome of elderly (>75 years old) versus non-elderly patients with IAC and risk factors for mortality in elderly patients
Instationary heat and mass transfer phenomena in additive manufactured open cell polyhedral structures for automotive catalysis
No full textAdditive Manufactured (AM) Open Cell Polyhedral lattices are novel substrates for automotive catalytic converters due to promising properties. The present investigation focuses on heat and mass transfer with chemical reactions during cold starts, based on numerical simulations in OpenFOAM and dimensionless analytical analysis. The numerical model consists of a multi-region approach with overlapping meshes for fluid and solid regions, in order to simulate the presence of porous substrates. Experimental results from first vehicle-size AM catalysts are used as a basis. The catalyst heat-up is characterized by two distinguished phases: the initial phase where heat is convected from the inflowing gases to the catalyst and the following phase which is governed by the heat released by the chemical reactions. The impact of different operating parameters, lattice and converter geometries has been quantified. The introduction of dimensionless temperature, time and space, evidences the similarity of the initial warm-up phase
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