54 research outputs found
Passive SAR Satellite Constellation for Near-Persistent Earth Observation: Prospects and Issues
No full textOver the last decades spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has proved its capability as a remote sensing technique of great power and value. A number of precise SAR instruments (e.g., [1]–[4]) have been developed by space and defense agencies around the world and are being used today for a wide range of applications in wide-area land (e.g., [5]–[8]) and sea monitoring (such as [9]–[11])
Earth Observation with SAR Satellite Formations: New Techniques and Innovative Products
No full textThis paper discusses the use of small satellites for future radar remote sensing applications. After a short introduction, we give first an overview of the TanDEM-X mission to be launched in autumn 2009. Here, special emphasis is put on the demonstration of innovative synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging techniques. Then, novel SAR configurations are introduced which make synergistic use of multiple small satellites flying in close formation. Performance examples demonstrate their unique capabilities for advanced Earth observation
applications. Among these opportunities are the generation of digital elevation models with decimetre accuracy, the monitoring of ocean currents, and the measurement of small vertical displacements from snow accumulation, vegetation growth, and thawing permafrost soils. Challenges associated with the use of small satellites are pointed out and solutions to overcome them are presented
A novel 670 GHz hybrid frequency extender for portable automotive radar applications
No full textThe potential of the Low THz spectrum for high resolution imaging applications such as automotive radar is described. Outdoor experiments require compact and portable equipment which may be achieved by extending the operation of current battery powered vector network analyzers. The development of a hybrid 670 GHz VNA based radar is described including instrument performance data..</p
Интервью со «звездой» в современной спортивной журналистике: когнитивно-прагматический аспект
No full textАннотация магистерской диссертации Чернякова Александра Андреевича «ИНТЕРВЬЮ СО СПОРТИВНОЙ ЗВЕЗДОЙ: ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКИЙ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ» Interview with sport celebrity: pragmatical and psychological aspect Н. рук. – Ильченко Сергей Николаевич, д-р. филол. наук, доцент Направление подготовки – Журналистика Профиль – Спортивная журналистика Ключевые слова: спорт, журналистика, интервью, журналистская подготовка, спортивная психология, физическая культура. Key words: sports, journalism, interview, journalistic background, sports psychology, physical culture. Актуальность исследования. Присутствие в спортивном медиа контенте интервью с персонами, которые являются лидерами мнений, а именно – спортивными «звёздами», способствует повышению популяризации соответствующих журналистских материалов, независимо от канала коммуникации. При всей схожести использования метода интервью в иных сферах, у интервью со «звездой» существует своя специфика - индивидуальные стратегии и тактики ведения беседы, описание которых представляем актуальным. Отдельного внимания заслуживает вопрос персонификации информации, так как мнение «звезды» может повлиять на способ подачи материала. Дополнительным фактором актуальности является то, что спорт в определённом событийном контексте становится доминирующей темой в информационном пространстве. Степень разработанности научной проблемы. Основой настоящей диссертации стали труды учёных в области системы жанров СМИ: Е. Л. Вартановой, М. Н. Кима, Г. С. Мельник, О. Р. Самарцева, А. А. Тертычного, Л. Ю. Шибаевой; исследования типологической структуры: А. И. Акопова, Я. Н. Засурского, О. В. Коноваловой, С. Г. Корконосенко. Теоретическая концепция применения метода интервью получила развитие во многих работах зарубежных исследователей: Л. Гроссберг, Р. Бойл, Дж. Болтер. При выявлении особенностей специализированных журналистских материалов и типологизации текстов спортивной направленности были использованы наработки Е. А. Войтик, Е. Г. Малышевой, С. Н. Ильченко, С. А. Михайлова. Работа в жанре интервью со «звездой» описаны в книгах Л. Г. Парфёнова, У. Отта, О. В. Пушкиной. В данном исследовании проводится экстраполяция теоретических концепций на практический опыт. Хронологические рамки исследования охватывают период с 1 января 2014 по 1 апреля 2018 гг. Условием выборки материала для анализа стали интервью, которым в рамках специализированных спортивных программ телевизионного и радио эфира отводилось более 10 минут эфирного времени. Научная новизна диссертации. В данной работе определяются самые эффективные современные приёмы ведения интервью с персоной высокого профессионального (спортивного) и социального статуса. Описывается значение участия «звезды» для популяризации программ о спорте. В исследовании выявляются и сопоставляются наиболее запоминающиеся авторские стили журналистов в спортивных программах; рассматриваются формы выражения интенциональности в авторских спортивных программах, а также способы воздействия на аудиторию, посредством различных типов подачи интервью. Объект исследования – интервью с известными спортсменами, выходившие на федеральных и региональных российских СМИ, в обозначенном хронологическими рамками периоде. Предмет исследования – структурно-типологические особенности жанра спортивного интервью (со «звездой»). Цель работы – выявить особые функции интервью со «звездой», которые характерны для современной спортивной журналистики. Для достижения данной цели необходимо решить следующие задачи: 1. На основе общепринятых классификаций интервью, представить собственную разработку типологии жанра; 2. Описать отличительные черты подготовки к интервью со «звездой»; 3. Классифицировать типологию вопросов, которые использует журналист в ходе интервью, и раскрыть их роль в тактике ведения беседы; 4. Выявить наиболее эффективные журналистские приёмы, используемые для общения с «трудными» «звёздными» собеседниками; 5. Определить модели поведения спортивных «звёзд» при общении с журналистами Гипотеза исследования состоит в том, что проведение спортивного интервью со «звездой» требует от журналиста особых навыков ведения беседы и глубоких знаний в исследуемой области. Вместе с тем необходимо обращать внимание на творческий подход, так как беседа с использованием стандартных вопросов не сможет привлечь широкую аудиторию. Методы исследования. В работе был использован комплексный описательно – аналитический метод. Он позволил проанализировать работу журналиста в жанре интервью при подготовке к работе со «звёздной» личностью. Контент-анализ структуры диалогов помог определить самые действенные психологические и тактические приёмы ведения интервью, которые работали в большинстве из рассмотренных примеров. Сравнительный метод был использован для выявления общих тенденций работы спортивного журналиста в жанре интервью со «звездой». Эмпирическим материалом данного исследования были выбраны интервью, проведённые журналистами спортивного телеканала «Матч.ТВ», которые вышли как в прямом телевизионном эфире, так и на сайте холдинга, а также беседы со спортсменами радиожурналистов «Спорт.фм» и Радио «Зенит». Эти материалы отличаются как содержательно-тематическим разнообразием, так и большим количеством примеров работ ведущих спортивных журналистов данного периода. Положения, выносимые на защиту: • Интервью, как формат работы спортивного журналиста имеет ряд специфических особенностей, которые обусловлены характером спортивных событий и подачи информации о них; • Формат интервью со «звездой» имеет как общие с типовым интервью характеристики, так и характеристики ситуативные; • Понятие статуса спортивной «звезды» можно считать особенным, так как в основе этого понятия лежат количественные и качественные показатели; • Инструментарий спортивного журналиста носит более дискретный характер из-за того, что к каждому отдельному спортсмену нужен индивидуальный подход и нет универсальных способов получить необходимую информацию Основные выводы: Интервью – востребованный жанр в журналистском творчестве, а применительно к спортивной журналистике у него есть ряд отличительных черт: 1. индивидуальный подход при журналистской подготовке; 2. активная позиция журналиста при интервьюировании, в силу ограниченного количества времени на беседу; 3. большее количество интервью-мнений, связанных с событиями, происходящими на площадке, чем интервью-портретов; 4. увеличение влияния персонификации информации. Структура работы: выпускная квалификационная работа, исходя из поставленных цели и задач, строится на принципах комплексного анализа журналистской деятельности в жанре интервью со «звездой» и следования от общих вопросов к частным и состоит из введения, трёх глав, заключения, приложений и списка использованной литературы.Abstract of the master's thesis Chernyakov Alexander Andreevich Interview with sport celebrity: pragmatical and psychological aspect N. hands. - Ilchenko Sergey Nikolaevich, the doctor. philol. Sci., Associate Professor Direction of training - Journalism Profile - Sports Journalism Key words: sports, journalism, interview, journalistic background, sports psychology, physical culture. The relevance of research. The presence in the sports media content of interviews with people who are the leaders of opinions, namely sports "stars", helps to increase the popularity of relevant journalistic materials, regardless of the channel of communication. Despite the similarity of the use of the interview method in other areas, the interview with the "star" has its own specificity - individual strategies and tactics of conversation, the description of which is relevant. Separate attention deserves the question of personification of information, since the opinion of the "star" may affect the way the material is submitted. An additional factor of relevance is that sport in a certain event context becomes the dominant topic in the information space. Degree of elaboration of the scientific problem. The basis of this dissertation is the work of scientists in the field of the genre of media: E. L. Vartanova, M. N. Kim, G. S. Melnik, O.R. Samartseva, A. A. Tertychny, L. Yu. Shibaeva; research of the typological structure: A. I. Akopova, Ya. N. Zasursky, O.V. Konovalova, S. G. Korkonosenko. The theoretical concept of the application of the interview method was developed in many works of foreign researchers: L. Grossberg, R. Boyle, J. Bolter. When revealing the characteristics of specialized journalistic materials and typing the texts of a sports orientation, the results of E. A. Voitik, E. G. Malysheva, S. N. Ilchenko, S. A. Mikhailov. Work in the genre of the interview with the "star" is described in the books of L. G. Parfenov, U. Ott, O. V. Pushkina. This study extrapolates theoretical concepts to practical experience. The chronological scope of the study covers the period from January 1, 2014 to April 1, 2018. The condition for the selection of the material for analysis was interviews, which were allocated more than 10 minutes of airtime within the specialized sports programs of television and radio air. Scientific novelty of the thesis. In this paper, the most effective modern methods of conducting interviews with a person of high professional (sports) and social status are determined. The significance of the participation of the "star" for the popularization of sports programs is described. The study identifies and compares the most memorable author's styles of journalists in sports programs; forms of expression of intentionality in author's sports programs, as well as ways to influence the audience, through various types of interviewing. The object of the study is interviews with famous sportsmen, which appeared on federal and regional Russian mass media, in the period indicated by the chronological framework. The subject of the study is the structural and typological features of the sports interview genre (with the "star"). The purpose of the work is to reveal the special functions of the interview with the "star", which are typical for modern sports journalism. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1. On the basis of generally accepted classifications of interviews, present your own development of the typology of the genre; 2. Describe the distinctive features of training to an interview with a "star"; 3. Classify the typology of questions that the journalist uses during the interview, and reveal their role in the tactics of conducting the conversation; 4. Identify the most effective journalistic techniques used to communicate with "difficult" "star" interlocutors; 5. Identify the behavior patterns of sports "stars" when communicating with journalists The research hypothesis is that holding a sports interview with a "star" requires the journalist to have special conversation skills and in-depth knowledge in the field under study. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the creative approach, since a conversation using standard questions can not attract a wide audience. Methods of research. In the work a complex descriptive-analytical method was used. It allowed analyzing the work of a journalist in the genre of the interview while preparing to work with a "star" personality. The content analysis of the structure of the dialogs helped to determine the most effective psychological and tactical methods of interviewing, which worked in most of the examples examined. The comparative method was used to identify the general trends in the work of a sports journalist in the genre of an interview with a "star". The empirical material of this study was interviews conducted by the journalists of the sports television channel Match. TV, which appeared on both the live television and on the website of the holding, as well as interviews with the sportsmen of the radio journalists Sport.fm and Radio Zenit. These materials differ both in content-thematic diversity and in a large number of examples of works by leading sports journalists of this period. Provisions to be protected: • Interviews, how the format of a sports journalist's work has a number of specific features that are determined by the nature of the sporting events and the presentation of information about them; • The format of the interview with the "star" has both common characteristics of typical interviews and situational characteristics; • The concept of the status of a sports "star" can be considered special, since this concept is based on quantitative and qualitative indicators; • The toolkit of a sports journalist is more discrete because due to the fact that each individual athlete needs an individual approach and there are no universal ways to obtain the necessary information Main Conclusions: The interview is a popular genre in journalistic creativity, and, as applied to sports journalism, it has a number of distinctive features: 1. Individual approach to journalistic training; 2. The active position of the journalist in interviewing, due to the limited amount of time for the conversation; 3. A greater number of interviews-opinions related to events occurring on the site than interview-portraits; 4. Increase the influence of personification of information. Work structure: graduate qualification work, based on the goals and objectives set, is based on the principles of a comprehensive analysis of journalistic activities in the genre of interviews with the "star" and following from general questions to private ones and consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusions, annexes and a list of used literature
Target recognition techniques for multifunction phased array radar
No full textThis thesis, submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at University College London, is a
discussion and analysis of combined stepped-frequency and pulse-Doppler target recognition methods
which enable a multifunction phased array radar designed for automatic surveillance and multi-target
tracking to offer a Non Cooperative Target Recognition (NCTR) capability. The primary challenge
is to investigate the feasibility of NCTR via the use of high range resolution profiles. Given stepped
frequency waveforms effectively trade time for enhanced bandwidth, and thus resolution, attention is
paid to the design of a compromise between resolution and dwell time. A secondary challenge is to
investigate the additional benefits to overall target classification when the number of coherent pulses
within an NCTR wavefrom is expanded to enable the extraction of spectral features which can help
to differentiate particular classes of target. As with increased range resolution, the price for this extra
information is a further increase in dwell time. The response to the primary and secondary challenges
described above has involved the development of a number of novel techniques, which are summarized
below:
• Design and execution of a series of experiments to further the understanding of multifunction
phased array Radar NCTR techniques
• Development of a ‘Hybrid’ stepped frequency technique which enables a significant extension
of range profiles without the proportional trade in resolution as experienced with ‘Classical’
techniques
• Development of an ‘end to end’ NCTR processing and visualization pipeline
• Use of ‘Doppler fraction’ spectral features to enable aircraft target classification via propulsion
mechanism. Combination of Doppler fraction and physical length features to enable broad
aircraft type classification.
• Optimization of NCTR method classification performance as a function of feature and waveform
parameters.
• Generic waveform design tools to enable delivery of time costly NCTR waveforms within operational
constraints.
The thesis is largely based upon an analysis of experimental results obtained using the multifunction
phased array radar MESAR2, based at BAE Systems on the Isle of Wight. The NCTR
mode of MESAR2 consists of the transmission and reception of successive multi-pulse coherent bursts
upon each target being tracked. Each burst is stepped in frequency resulting in an overall bandwidth
sufficient to provide sub-metre range resolution. A sequence of experiments, (static trials, moving
point target trials and full aircraft trials) are described and an analysis of the robustness of target
length and Doppler spectra feature measurements from NCTR mode data recordings is presented. A
recorded data archive of 1498 NCTR looks upon 17 different trials aircraft using five different varieties
of stepped frequency waveform is used to determine classification performance as a function of
various signal processing parameters and extent (numbers of pulses) of the data used. From analysis
of the trials data, recommendations are made with regards to the design of an NCTR mode for an
operational system that uses stepped frequency techniques by design choice
Target velocity estimation with multistatic GNSS-based Radar
No full textThe paper presents methods and experimental results on determining the instantaneous velocity vector of a target using passive radar with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS, as transmitters of opportunity. The estimation method is analytically derived and then experimentally confrmed with real data, where a maritime target was simultaneously illuminated by 11 satellites belonging to different GNSS constellations.</p
Radar Reflectivity of a Passenger Car at 300 GHz
No full textKnowledge on radar reflectivity of typical road targets is essential to develop robust detection algorithms for automotive sensor system. Measurement results of a typical passenger car at 300 GHz are presented for the frst time and compared with measurement results at the reference frequency of 24 GHz. Measurements are undertaken in a typical road environment with the aid of a computer controlled turntable to collect backscatter data at 360 aspect angles of the car.</p
Design and Validation of a Passive Radar Concept for Ship Detection Using Communication Satellite Signals
No full textIn this paper, the feasibility of a bistatic passive maritime surveillance system based on the use of communication satellites as illuminators of opportunity is considered and confirmed experimentally. A theoretical comparison of the characteristics of a radar using Inmarsat and Iridium signals as donors has been performed. The procedure of enhancing the range resolution by coherently combining available scarce active communication channels in the frequency domain is presented with the example of the Inmarsat I-4 satellite broadband global area network signals. Parameters affecting the performance of range-Doppler mapping of a target are investigated based on the analysis of the ambiguity function of the combined signals. An experimental set-up with a stationary passive receiver designed for acquisition and processing of Inmarsat signals is presented and the results are shown. The detection and estimation of radial velocities by reflected Inmarsat signals are presented for the first time. The detected maritime targets ranged in size from a large passenger ferry to a small boat. The potential limitations of the concept are outlined, together with ways to overcome them.</p
Recognition of objects in orbit and their intentions with space‐borne sub‐THz Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar
Get PDFAn important aspect of Space Situational Awareness is to estimate the intent of objects in space. This paper discusses how discriminating features can be obtained from Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar images of such objects and how these discriminators can be used to recognise the objects or to estimate their intent. If the object is, for example, a satellite of a known type, the scheme proposed is able to recognise it. The ability of the scheme to detect damage to the object is also discussed. The focus is on imagery obtained in the sub-terahertz band (typically 300 GHz) because of the greater imaging capability given by the diffuse scattering which is observed at these frequencies. The paper also discusses the importance of being able to use images obtained by electromagnetic simulation to be able to train the subsystem which recognises features of the objects and describes a practical scheme for creating these simulations for large objects at these very short wavelengths
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