260 research outputs found
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor is a putative tumor suppressor gene in multiple human cancers.
No full textNCI Intramural Research Program
University of Colorado Cancer Center Lung_SPOREEl represor del receptor de hidrocarburos de arilo (AHRR) es un factor de transcripción ubicado en una región del cromosoma 5 (5p15.3) que se ha propuesto que contiene uno o más genes supresores de tumores. Aquí informamos sobre la regulación negativa consistente del ARNm de AHRR en tejido maligno humano de diferentes orígenes anatómicos, incluidos colon, mama, pulmón, estómago, cuello uterino y ovario, y demostramos la hipermetilación del ADN como el mecanismo regulador del silenciamiento del gen AHRR. La eliminación de la expresión génica de AHRR en una línea celular de cáncer de pulmón humano mediante siRNA mejoró significativamente el crecimiento celular in vitro dependiente e independiente del anclaje, así como el crecimiento celular después del trasplante en ratones inmunocomprometidos. Además, la eliminación de AHRR en células epiteliales mamarias humanas normales no clonables les permitió crecer de manera independiente del anclaje. La regulación negativa de la expresión de AHRR en la línea celular de cáncer de pulmón humano confirió resistencia a las señales apoptóticas y mejoró la motilidad y la invasión in vitro y el potencial angiogénico in vivo. La expresión ectópica de AHRR en las células tumorales dio lugar a una disminución del crecimiento celular independiente y dependiente del anclaje, así como a una reducción del potencial angiogénico. Por lo tanto, estos resultados demuestran que AHRR es un nuevo gen supresor de tumores en múltiples tipos de cánceres humanos.University of Colorado (USA)National Cancer Institute (USA)Depto. de Biología CelularFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu
Concentration and reference interval of trace elements in human hair from students living in Palermo, Sicily (Italy)
No full textTrace element contents in specimens of hair collected from 137 children aged 11–13 years
old, living in Palermo (Sicily, Italy) were determined by ICP-MS. This work reports analytical data for the following 19 elements: Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, U, V and Zn. The most abundant chemical elements were zinc and copper (Zn > Cu), with concentrations exceeding 10microg/g (Zn = 189.2microg/g; Cu= 22.9microg/g). Other elements with concentrations greater than 1microg/g were, in order of abundance, Al > Sr > Ba > Pb. The remaining
elements were all below 1microg/g. The average elemental concentrations in hair were
statistically compared by Kolmogorov–Smirnov’s test taking children’s gender into account. Al, Ba, Cr, Li, Rb, Sb, Sr, V and Zn were statistically different according to gender, with significance p < 0.001. This study thus confirms the need for hair analysis to differentiate female data from those of males. IUPAC coverage intervals and coverage uncertainties for trace elements in the analysed hair samples are also reported
Lifestyle influence on trace element contents in human scalp hair of young residents in different urban contexts. Preliminary results.
No full textA causal relationship between earth material and human health, although not always proven, is highly plausible because many chemical elements in rocks and soils are directly inhaled by respiration or transmitted, via air, water and vegetation, into food chain and then to human body. It is well known that metals and metalloids may result essential to biochemical and physiological functions, but it is also well known that health problems may derive from either dietary deficiencies or excesses. Among the techniques employed to assess the exposure of living organisms to metals and metalloids present in the environment, the human biomonitoring has attracted the attention of investigators over the past decades. More specifically, the human biomonitoring is a method for assessing human exposure to chemicals by measuring the searched chemicals or their metabolites in human tissues or specimens, such as blood, plasma, serum, breast milk, urine, teeth and also hairs. However, some of these specimens may not always be the best indicators of element intake because of the homeostatic system of control in the human body. Human hairs seem to be particularly appropriate as they offer several advantages. Hair are stable and their composition does not change over short time period. Furthermore, sampling procedure is very easy, requires no specific professional skills, is painless and non-invasive. The present study deals with the trace elements content of hair samples from the scalp of 136 young students, between 11 and 14 years of age, of female and male gender, resident in the metropolitan area of Palermo (80 samples) and in a small rural town, Altavilla (56 samples), 20 km far from Palermo. The concentrations of 18 elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, U, V, Zn) in hair were determined by ICP-MS. In order to eliminate external contamination, each hair sample was firstly properly washed. The obtained results were in line with the ranges of values published in other studies. The most abundant elements resulted Zn, Cu, Al, Sr, Ba, Pb in Palermo as well as in Altavilla, although with different abundance orders. All the remaining analyzed elements were below 1 ppm. Zn is known to be an essential element recognized in more than 300 enzymes depending on this element for catalytic, structural, and regulatory functions. Cu is considered an indispensable catalytic cofactor in redox chemistry for proteins. Al and Sr are typical geogenic elements; their different abundances in the Palermo and Altavilla samples are related to the different lithological site, carbonate rocks in Palermo and calcarenites-clays at Altavilla. Sr is also strictly related to calcium content in bones. The highest levels of most elements were found in Altavilla samples: this may indicate a possible different exposure due to different lifestyles, as evidenced by Al and Pb. In fact, children living at Altavilla spend more time outdoors than those living in Palermo. The higher Ba concentration in children from Altavilla may be also related to the Ba content of local drinkable water. Significant gender-related differences were found for certain elements. This was the case of Sr and Zn, more abundant in female subjects, and Cr, Li, Pb, Sb and U which were more abundant in males. When the elements are subdivided in essential and not essential, and their ratios with respect to aluminum are compared with those in air particulate matter and road dust, it appears evident that some elements typical of anthropogenic sources (Cd, Pb e Sb) are taken by PM10-2.5, PM2.5 and the finest fractions of road dust. Data concerning subjects exposed and not exposed to passive smoke are also reported. Further, it has been examined the relationship between exposure to passive smoke and concentration of nicotine (and its metabolite cotinine) in hairs. A first result of this work is that the reported data and concentration ranges can be used as guidelines for to evaluate environmental or occupational exposure to these elements
Determinants of Allergic Sensitization, Asthma and Lung Function: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Schoolchildren
No full textPrenatal smoking exposure and early-life respiratory infections are major determinants of asthma during childhood. We investigate the factors influencing allergic sensitization (AS), asthma, and lung function in children and the balance between individual and environmental characteristics at different life stages. 1714 children aged 7-16 years and living in southern Italy were investigated using a parental questionnaire, skin prick tests, and spirometry. We found 41.0% AS prevalence: among children without parental history of asthma, male sex, maternal smoking during pregnancy (MatSmoke), and acute respiratory diseases in the first two years of life (ARD2Y) were significant risk factors for AS. MatSmoke was associated (OR = 1.79) with ARD2Y, and this association was influenced by sex. ARD2Y was, in turn, a significant risk factor (OR = 8.53) for childhood current asthma, along with AS (OR up to 3.03) and rhinoconjuctivitis (OR = 3.59). Forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) was negatively affected by ARD2Y, with a sex-related effect. Thus, males exposed to MatSmoke had significantly lower FEF25-75% than unexposed males. Despite the difficulty of discriminating among the complex interactions underlying the development of allergic respiratory diseases, ARD2Y appears to strongly influence both asthma and lung function during childhood. In turn, ARD2Y is influenced by prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke with a sex-dependent effect
Trattamento dell'ernia inguinale primaria con una nuova protesi in polipropilene: risultati di uno studio di fattibilità
No full textAngioma gigante del fegato sinistro: settoriectomia laterale sinistra e trattamento della trancia epatica con falda di collagene equino
No full textOpen retromuscolar repair with new composite mesh and fibrin glue fixation in incisional hernia
No full textProctocolectomia totale restaurativa con anastomosi ileo(j-pouch)-anale manuale per rettocolite ulcerosa
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