1,587 research outputs found
David Audretsch: A Source of Inspiration, a Co-author, and a Friend
No full textIn this chapter, Enrico Santarelli discusses the profound impact that David had on his career. Beginning with a conference in Budapest, Santarelli and David bocame close friends and colleagues. They went on to collaborate on many papers and projects, several of which Santarelli highlights below
Evolutionary dynamics of RNA viruses with zoonotic potential
No full textRNA viruses with zoonotic potential represent a public health threat throughout the world. High mutation rates, short generation times and large population sizes are three factors responsible for their high genetic variability and enormous adaptive capacity to new environmental conditions. Understanding the genetic properties and the evolutionary dynamics of RNA viruses with zoonotic potential is crucial to prevent, control, treat and lessen the damage to animal and human health.
This thesis investigates the most essential aspects related to the evolution and epidemiology of two widespread zoonotic diseases caused by two RNA viruses: Avian Influenza and rabies. Through the application of bioinformatics tools, I analysed a large amount of sequence data, generated using both first and second generation sequencing technology, from viruses collected during four distinct epidemics: a fox-rabies virus epidemic occurred in north-eastern Italy between 2008 and 2011, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks reported in Egypt between 2006 and 2010, and two avian influenza epidemics caused by two distinct subtypes that took place in northern Italy from 1999 to 2001 and 2002 to 2004.
Through phylogenetic and Bayesian phylogeographic analyses of viral sequences sampled over multiple discrete spatio-temporal scales, the studies in this thesis reveal the co-circulation of multiple viral lineages, explore the viral gene flows and investigate the evolutionary dynamics of viruses under different selection pressures. In addition, to better understand the pattern of transmission of viral subpopulations from host to host, the intra-host variability and the evolution of viral pathogenicity, I employed an ultra-deep sequencing approach to assess the diversity of viral populations.
The data generated in this thesis provide important insights into the a) impact and efficacy of surveillance strategies and control measures implemented during an outbreak, b) differences in the evolutionary dynamics and spatial spread between distinct genetic groups, c) emergence of amino acid mutations that may increase viral fitness, d) inter-host transmission of viral variants and e) gain of virulence determinants.
Finally, this thesis shows the great opportunity offered by next generation sequencing technology for dramatic advancement in our understanding of the complicated evolutionary dynamics of these pathogen
Dialogo con Enrico Palandri
No full textA conversation with Enrico Palandri aimed at contextualizing his work as an author
Stressful Life Events and Psychosomatic Symptoms in Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis
No full textObjective: The study analyzed the role of traumatic experiences and psychosomatic components as potential predictors of the likelihood of chronic pain patients having or not having fibromyalgia. Methods: We examined the role of stressful life events (Traumatic Experiences Checklist), psychosomatic syndromes (Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research), pain, and psychological distress (Beck Depression Inventory—II and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) in 104 patients with fibromyalgia compared with a sample of 104 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Results: Patients with fibromyalgia reported significantly more traumatic events, a higher prevalence of psychosomatic syndromes, and higher levels of pain, anxiety and depressive symptoms compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (all p < 0.01). Hierarchical binary logistic regression with group membership as the dependent variable showed that somatization syndromes (OR = 3.67), pain (OR = 1.56), and childhood trauma (OR = 1.11) were statistically significant predictors of group belonging, and the model explained 67% of the variance in diagnosis [χ2(9) = 143.66, p < 0.001]. Conclusion: These results highlighted that patients with fibromyalgia are characterized primarily by marked somatization and a high prevalence of early stressful life events compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a primarily nociceptive chronic pain condition. A better knowledge of these mechanisms could allow clinicians to develop tailored interventions that take greater account of the psychological dimension of the disease
Rheumatic manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease
No full textRheumatic manifestations are the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients, and they are responsible for a relevant reduction of quality of life. IBD is associated with a variety of musculoskeletal manifestations such as arthritis and non-inflammatory pain as well as with metabolic diseases, such as osteoporosis. Different imaging techniques (primarily ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and X-rays) can help the clinician to correctly identify the nature of manifestations and to treat the patient accordingly. Nowadays, in the setting of IBD-related arthritides, different drugs are available and can be effective on both articular and intestinal involvement. Therefore, a multi-disciplinary approach provides an early diagnosis and a better clinical outcome that can only be given from the recognition and consideration of the different EIMs. As for rheumatic manifestations, namely IBDrelated arthritis, an early intervention allows to control disease activity and to prevent structural damage
Enrico Cattaneo : Fotografare un'idea
No full textOltre ad aver raccontato l’arte e gli artisti del secondo Novecento attraverso la documentazione di cinquant’anni di mostre, studi e grandi manifestazioni pubbliche in Italia, Enrico Cattaneo (Milano, 1933-2019) ha sviluppato una personalissima ricerca visuale sui modi, i soggetti e i materiali della fotografia.
Questi due aspetti della sua attività, inseparabili fra loro come le due facce di una medaglia, si ricompongono nella fisionomia unitaria di un autore capace di mettere in questione i presupposti tecnici e concettuali del linguaggio fotografico.
Come lui stesso ha scritto: “L’opera d’arte contemporanea è spesso una cosa più un’idea... Difficile fotografare un’idea”.In addition to having chronicled art and artists of the second half of the 20th century by documenting fifty years of exhibitions, art research, and major public events in Italy, Enrico Cattaneo (Milan, 1933–2019) developed a highly personal visual investigation on the modes, languages, and materials of photography.
These two facets of his activity, indissolubly linked like the two sides of a coin, are recomposed in the overall profile of an author capable of questioning the technical and conceptual foundations of photography.
As he himself has written: ‘The contemporary work of art is often made up of a tangible thing and an idea ... It is difficult to capture an idea on film.
Prochaines soutenances de thèses et Habilitations à diriger des recherches (novembre-décembre 2011)
No full textE.L.C.I. Équipe de recherche Littérature et Culture Italiennes (EA 1496) • Mme Edwige Comoy Fusaro Altérités et fictions. Recherches sur la littérature narrative italienne de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle Composition du jury (Habilitation à diriger des recherches) : Mme Pérette-Cécile Buffaria (Université de Poitiers) M. Michel Cassac (Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis) M. Andrea Fabiano (Université Paris-Sorbonne) M. Gérard Genot (Université Paris-Ouest-Nanterre) M. Enrico Ghidetti (U..
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