31 research outputs found
Exploring user experience through eye-tracking : the case of UP Medical Library
No full textPaper presented at the International Symposium on User Experience (UX) hosted by the University of Pretoria, Department of Library Services on 19-21 September 2023.The importance of incorporating user experience (UX) design into the development of interactive systems is well established. What is less discussed is the vital role of incorporating UX design into the design of physical spaces like a library.
Following a refurbishment of the University of Pretoria (UP) Medical Campus library, a UX evaluation using eye-tracking technology was conducted to determine the extent to which students would be able to use the library spaces unaided. UX evaluations using eye-tracking involve measuring the movement of the eyes, particularly on a computer interface, to pinpoint where a user’s eyes are focused at a specific point in time.
Ten students were involved in the UX evaluation using the Tobii Pro 2 glasses eye tracker. Each participant completed six tasks that required them to find a particular library space, using only the library signages as a guide. The overall impression of all participants was positive with respect to the new facilities that are available and the modern design of the library. However, most participants struggled to find the library spaces without assistance due to lack of, and sometimes confusing signages. The provision of clear and intuitive signages will go a long way to improve the UX of the students who use the library
A systematic literature review of the transformation of healthcare by the fourth industrial revolution
No full textMini-dissertation (MIT(Informatics))--University of Pretoria,2021.The aging population and lifestyle factors have contributed to increased cases of chronic diseases which increase medical costs for both patients and healthcare providers and affect the quality of medical care. The unequal distribution of medical resources between urban and rural areas has also increased medical costs as patients seek medical care in well-resourced hospitals located in big cities. I explored the nature and extent of digital transformation in healthcare with the aim to determine (1) the dominant applications of 4IR technologies in healthcare (2) the impact of disruptive technologies on the delivery of healthcare and (3) how the Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated digital transformation in healthcare.
The study used a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to analyse a final set of 84 papers from three major databases that met the specific inclusion, exclusion, and quality assessment criteria. A mixed-methods approach using both quantitative and qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyse the papers. The quantitative analysis showed that the majority of papers used the qualitative research method, followed by quantitative, and the least number of articles used a mixed-methods approach. The qualitative analysis reflected three broad themes (1) 4IR technologies driving transformation in healthcare (2) digital transformation areas in healthcare and (3) the impact of digital transformation in healthcare.
The results showed that the first–generation 4IR technologies have not met the expected comparative transformation levels in healthcare and the next generation technologies have more potential for increased transformation in healthcare. Specifically, the results showed that (1) healthcare is transformed from conventional, centralised and reactive to digital, distributed, networked and proactive personalised care system for remote health monitoring, diagnostics and treatment at the point of care (2) the leading technologies transforming healthcare are IoT, AI and Big data (3) the main areas of transformation in healthcare are personalised care, precision medicine, telemedicine, remote health monitoring, data management, and clinical decision support including improved diagnostic and treatment outcomes (4) the impact of the transformation is observed through improved quality of medical care, reduced medical costs, and improved quality of life, and (5) the Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of new age technologies for disease prevention and monitoring.InformaticsMIT(Informatics)Unrestricte
Empirical investigation of the determinants of cybersecurity behaviour among South Africans
No full textDissertation (MCom (Informatics))--University of Pretoria, 2023.Cybercrime is a borderless threat that affects both developed and developing countries and continues to grow. According to the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), in 2022 the average cost of data breach across the globe was $4.35 million. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly accelerated the digital landscapes of many countries, including South Africa. Subsequently, there was an increase in incidents of cyberattacks globally.
Good cybersecurity behaviour encompasses the actions undertaken by individuals to protect their data, devices, and networks from cyberattacks. Consequently, this study investigated the factors that could influence the cybersecurity behaviours of South Africans and determine the factors that could exert the greatest impact on their cybersecurity behaviours.
The study employed an online questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 329 South African participants. The theoretical frameworks used included Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).
The findings revealed that an individual's intention to engage in good cybersecurity behaviours is significantly influenced by their Attitude towards good cybersecurity behaviours, Subjective norms, Perceived severity, and Response efficacy. Moreover, the study results revealed Perceived severity as a mediator in the relationship between Perceived vulnerability and Intention to practice good cybersecurity behaviours. The research findings underscore the importance of influencing these factors to effectively promote good cybersecurity behaviours amongst South Africans. Targeting and changing Attitudes towards good cybersecurity behaviours, Subjective norms, Perceived severity, and Response efficacy, could increase the practice of good cybersecurity behaviours in South Africans and mitigate the risks associated with cyberthreats.InformaticsMCom (Informatics)UnrestrictedFaculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information TechnologySDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructur
Optimising the user experience design process for timeous systems development : a South African case study
No full textDissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2020.User Experience (UX) design is the process of creating products that adequately meet users’ needs and result in user satisfaction. In the context of software development, the application of UX design practices has been linked to increased profitability in organisations. Despite the financial benefit organisations stand to gain by adopting UX design practices, previous studies have revealed a low rate of adoption. One key source of resistance to the adoption UX design practices is the perception that adding new steps to an organisation’s software development process would prolong delivery timelines unnecessarily. Such resistance is compounded by the fact that a high proportion of software development projects already exceed their planned durations. The question therefore arises on how the UX design process can be optimised so that it has the least amount of impact on the speed of delivering software. It is this very question that this study answers.
In this study, the UX design processes from four case study organisations and six prominent international UX design approaches were reviewed and analysed. From these analyses, commonalities and optimisation opportunities were identified for each process, then synthesised into a proposed framework. This study’s contribution to the Human-Computer Interaction body of knowledge is the proposed Graduated UX Design Adoption (gUXa) framework. The Innovation Resistance Theory (IRT) was used to explain the ability of the gUXa framework to reduce the barrier to UX process adoption due to its potential to optimise the design process for timeous systems development.InformaticsMComUnrestricte
A Systematic Literature Review of the Factors that Influence the Accuracy of Consumer Wearable Health Device Data
No full textThe use of consumer wearable health device (CWHD) for fitness tracing has seen an upward trend worldwide. CWHDs support individuals in taking ownership of their personal well-being and keeping track of their fitness goals. However, there are genuine concerns over the accuracy of the data collected by these devices. In this study, we investigated the factors that influence the accuracy of the data collected by CWHDs for heart rate measurement, physical activity (PA), and sleep monitoring using a systematic literature review. Forty-seven papers were analyzed from five electronic databases based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. All 47 papers that we analyzed were published by authors from developed countries. Using thematic analysis, we classified the factors that influence the accuracy of the data collected by CWHDs into three main groups, namely (i) the tracker and sensor type, (ii) the algorithm used in the device, and (iii) the limitation in the design, energy consumption, and processing capability of the device. The research results point to a dearth of studies that focus on the accuracy of the data collected by CWHDs by researchers from developing countries.http://link.springer.combookseries/558hj2021Informatic
A process for developing an e-health standards selection method artefact using design science research
No full textThe use of design science research (DSR) as a paradigm of choice among information systems (IS) researchers is growing. While there is an apparent increase in the number of DSR artefacts of the method form, very few research publications provide details of the process followed to create such method artefacts in and of itself. Even rarer is the use of the DSR paradigm in e-health research. In this paper, we present the process followed to develop a DSR method artefact, called the standards selection method for e-health interoperability (SMeHI). SMeHI is a generic method that guides the selection of e-health standards to support interoperability between healthcare IS. The development of the method was motivated by the World Health Organisation's (WHO's) call in 2014 for guidance to lower and middle income countries, many of which are African countries, on how to decide on standards to adopt at national level.The National Research Foundation and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.http://www.inderscience.com/jhome.php?jcode=JDR2018-06-01hj2018Informatic
The current state of measuring return on investment in user experience design
No full textIncorporating user experience (UX) design into system development processes can give an organisation competitive advantage over its rivals. Embedding UX design into system development processes requires investment in skilled professionals, who in turn follow a methodical process to make UX design an integral part of the organisation. Despite the value that can be added by UX design, demonstrating the return on investment (ROI) in UX remains a perennial challenge because of the difficulty associated with explicitly linking UX design with good ROI, to the exclusion of other system development processes. In this paper, we report on the current state of measuring ROI in UX design in a selection of South African organisations. We interviewed 33 UX professionals from four organisations to get insight into how ROI in UX design is measured in their respective organisations. The results showed that some participants were aware of the metrics that could be used to measure ROI in UX design. However, none of the four organisations were specifically calculating ROI in UX. Rather, ROI was being calculated on entire project
The Design of Application-Specific Heuristics for the Usability Evaluation of the Digital Doorway
No full textThe Digital Doorway (DD) is a joint initiative between the South African Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the Meraka Institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The DD is a non-standard computer system deployed amongst underprivileged communities in South Africa with the objective to promote computer literacy. Since its inception, there has been no usability or accessibility evaluation of the software installed on the DD, mainly due to lack of usability engineering or interaction design expertise within the development team. The goal of the research presented in this paper was to design a solution to this problem by developing a suitable instrument that could guide DD application developers in the design and development of more usable DD software and interfaces. Design research was used as a research methodology. We first investigated the applicability of the standard usability and accessibility evaluation methods for evaluating the software installed on the DD. During the first cycle of design research, we established that a heuristic-like evaluation method would be an appropriate method for evaluating the usability and direct accessibility support provided by the DD. During a second cycle of design research, embedded in the first, we also developed a set of multi-category heuristics as the ‘instrument’ that could guide the developers during design of applications as well as in the first-level (formative) evaluation thereof. To verify the heuristics, we conducted a usability evaluation of the DD and triangulated the results with a direct field observation at a natural environment of DD use, together with user-administered questionnaires
A systematic literature review on cybersecurity threats to healthcare data and mitigation strategies
No full textThe incidence of cyberattacks on healthcare institutions has seen a steady increase over the years, with a massive increase of 42% in 2020. More specifically, INTERPOL reported a substantial increase in ransomware attacks on healthcare institutions at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. This increase can be attributed to the rise in the adoption of digital technologies, such as the Medical Internet of Things (MIoT), to support healthcare services. The sensitive nature of healthcare data and the volume of data handled by healthcare institutions make them attractive to cybercriminals. When compared to financial data, healthcare data has more value on the dark web. Because a cyberattack on healthcare data could have far-reaching consequences, healthcare institutions should have effective strategies to safeguard unauthorized access. This paper presents the results of a systematic literature review (SLR) that investigated the strategies that can be used to mitigate cybersecurity threats to healthcare data. Forty-one research papers retrieved from three databases were analyzed based on specific inclusion/exclusion criteria. Synthesis of the sources yielded three main themes, namely, (i) emerging technology trends that contribute to cybersecurity vulnerability in the healthcare sector, (ii) current cybersecurity challenges in the healthcare sector, and (iii) cybersecurity countermeasures and mitigation strategies. The research results showed that a holistic approach that incorporates people, technology and adherence to regulations is required to mitigate cybersecurity threats in the healthcare sector. The study has implications for policymakers, vendors/designers of healthcare technologies, and healthcare institution managers.https://easychair.org/publications/EPiC/Computingam2024InformaticsSDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructur
