512 research outputs found
Criminal and victim identification based on soft biometrics
No full textCriminal and victim identification is always important in forensic investigation. However, it can be a very challenging problem for identifying criminals and victims in digital media when only their non-facial body sites are available in evidence images. These criminals and victims can be masked gunmen, paedophiles, and victims in child pornographic and voyeur images.
To solve the above problem, several novel alignment and identification approaches are proposed in this thesis. Firstly, lower leg geometry is proposed as a soft biometric trait for criminal and victim identification. This study provides a foundation for further research based on body geometry. Secondly, leg geometry and hair follicles are proposed to align the androgenic hair patterns in consideration of viewpoint and pose variations, which were ignored by a recent paper suggesting androgenic hair patterns for identification. Experiments on 1,138 high and low resolution images from 283 different legs show that the proposed alignment algorithms provide improvements of 5%-10% on different experimental settings.
Thirdly, a new approach is developed to improve the identification of androgenic hair patterns significantly. In the past, it was believed that androgenic hair patterns in low resolution images are not a distinctive biometric trait because of the previous result. A new algorithm, which makes use of leg geometry to align lower leg images, large feature sets (about 60,000 features) extracted through multi-directional gridding systems to increase discriminative power and robustness, the partial least squares (PLS) method to handle imbalanced training data and to perform the multi-grid feature fusion, and scheme generating more positive samples to increase robustness against viewpoint and pose variation, is proposed. Experimental results on 1,493 low resolution leg images with large viewpoint and pose variations from 412 legs demonstrate the proposed multi-grid feature fusion algorithm provides a significant improvement.
Fourthly, estimation of soft biometric traits (e.g. height, BMI, age) is proposed. Recent studies demonstrated that soft biometric traits can be effectively estimated through comparative verbal descriptions (e.g. taller and shorter) given by witnesses. The usage of descriptions is extended to non-verbal comparative features extracted from legs for soft biometrics estimation. The proposed algorithm is examined on more than 2000 front and side leg images. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm offers comparable performance with the existing methods.
Fifthly, the distinctiveness of human skin texture is evaluated by comparing with blood vessels. Recent studies show that blood vessel patterns can be visualized in different body parts. However, their visualization methods have limitations on images with low quality and subjects with high concentration of body fat, high concentration of melanin, and dense hair. In this study, more than 6000 inner forearm and thigh images were collected from a laboratory environment and the Internet with large pose, viewpoint, resolution, and illumination variations. The experimental results indicate the potential use of skin texture for criminal and victim identification.Doctor of Philosophy (SCE
Judicial deference at work: Some reflections on Chan Kin Sum and Kong Yun Ming
No full text"Due deference" - the giving of appropriate weight to the government's judgment in the court's reasoning - is a tool that courts use to maintain the separation of powers in constitutional rights review. This note aims to provide a theoretical framework for understanding the issue of deference, and to analyse the Court of First Instance (CFI)'s approach to deference in two recent cases, Chan Kin Sum and Kong Yun Ming. The author argues that the CFI has adopted a spatial approach that failed to specify the contested issues that called for deference, inappropriately considered democratic legitimacy as a factor for deference and made broad presumptions about the democratic character of primary decisions. This approach may lead to an over-deferential attitude that threatens the separation of powers, and the malleability of the approach may be subject to courts' manipulation. The author argues for a more context-sensitive approach based purely on institutional factors.published_or_final_versio
CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection
No full textChan, Kin Wai.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-49).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 08, November, 2016)
A further study of low resolution androgenic hair patterns as a soft biometric trait
No full textSoft biometric traits such as skin color, tattoos, shoe size, height, and weight have been regularly used for forensic investigation, especially when hard biometric traits, e.g., faces and fingerprints are not available. Recently, a new soft biometric trait, androgenic hair also called body hair, was evaluated. The previous study showed that low resolution androgenic hair patterns have potential for forensic investigation. However, it was believed that they are not a distinctive biometric trait because of the reported accuracy. To explore discriminative information in androgenic hair patterns, in this paper, a new algorithm, which makes use of leg geometry to align lower leg images, large feature sets (about 60,000 features) extracted through multi-directional grid systems to increase discriminative power and robustness, and class-specific partial least squares (PLS) models to utilize the features effectively, is employed. To further enhance the performance of the class-specific PLS models trained on very limited positive samples, one to three images per model in the experiments, and further enhance robustness against viewpoint and pose variations, a scheme is designed to generate more positive samples from a single image. Experimental results on 1493 low resolution leg images with large viewpoint and pose variations from 412 legs demonstrate that low resolution androgenic hair patterns contain rich information and the impression of low discriminative power on androgenic hair is due to the method used in the previous study.MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore)Accepted versio
The Unfinished Experimentation of Political Parties in Hong Kong – Reflections from Theoretical and Experiential Perspectives
No full textThis article consists of 2 parts. The first part, from Section 1 to Section 3, by King Fai Chan aims at unravelling the inaugural ideology of Hong Kong’s political parties by going back to one of the founders of the Democratic Party, Yeung Sum, and examines his ideology of an idealistic thinking of political cooperation with the SAR government, with an aim of peaceful power-sharing. Yeung Sum’s idea of political parties is a new vision of a political subjectivity that caters to the whole, and this confirms with Giovanni Satori’s theory that an authentic party must be part-of-the-whole. In the end the idea of party as effective opposition was completely overlooked. The article then turns to the second part, from Section 4 to Section 6, by Sze Chi Chan, who aims at detailing the inauguration of an effective oppositional party after the Grand March of 2003. Thus was born the League of Social Democrats, with the second author as one of its founding members. In the second author’s portrayal the League was off to a promising start that ushered in an effective oppositional party, that did pose a series of effective political opposition that readily catered to the need of the whole citizenry, especially the Five District de facto Referendum. Yet in the end the League met with a fate of internal split that tremendously dwindled the its oppositional thrust. As yet we still do not find any pan-democratic party or anti-establishment radical party that can really demonstrate Satori’s ideal of party acting as part-of-the-whole fighting for the benefit of the whole
Using Leg Geometry to Align Androgenic Hair Patterns in Low Resolution Images for Criminal and Victim Identification
No full textA Study of Distinctiveness of Skin Texture for Forensic Applications Through Comparison With Blood Vessels
No full text
Smart Traffic Management System
No full textScenwise has developed the ScenarioDesigner to support road authorities in creating response plans. The response plans describe which actions the operator should take in order to manage different traffic situations such as accidents, large scale events This thesis elaborates on the process as well as the end-product created during the Bachelor End Project The BEP is a 10 week compulsory project to complete the Computer Science and Engineering program of the Delft University of Technology. It was conducted between 11 November 2019 and 11 February 2020. During the first two weeks the group focused on researching the problem, the possible solutions and traffic management in general. The subsequent 8 weeks were designated to the development of the product. The product was developed for ScenWise, a company that focuses on innovation within traffic management. In addition to evaluating the product, this thesis gives recommendations for a following group working on extending the product.Finally, the group would like to thank the client ScenWise, specifically K.F. Chan for providing the project as well as teaching us about the domain knowledge of the client. Furthermore, the group wants to thank Dr. A. Katsifodimos for the coaching throughout the project as well as Ir. O.W. Visser for giving the opportunity to do the BEP in the second quarter of the academic year.Bachelor End ProjectComputer Scienc
Dui fu he cai liao zhi dian xiang ying zhong ni wen ti de yan jiu
No full textChan, Wai Soen = 對複合材料之電響應中逆問題的研究 / 陳維洵.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-98).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 13, December, 2016).Chan, Wai Soen = Dui fu he cai liao zhi dian xiang ying zhong ni wen ti de yan jiu / Chen Weixun
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