1,721,115 research outputs found
Left ventricular hypertrophy caused by arterial hypertension and degenerative aortic stenosis: how useful 123I-mIBG is
No full textThe study of the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is gaining increasing importance in several areas of cardiac pathology. In cardiomyopathy patients (of ischemic origin or not), myocardial assessment of early and late 123I-mIBG distribution, is widely recognized as a very powerful survival predictor. Furthermore, in general, we can affirm that chronic heart failure (CHF) patients have overactivation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone and SNS, which creates a vicious circle of remodeling and an accompanying worse prognosis
David versus Goliath: radiotheranostic nanomedicine as a weapon against melanoma
Full text linkMalignant melanoma (MM), especially when diagnosed at an advanced stage, still represents a challenge for physicians. In recent years, immune check point inhibitors (ICI) have thoroughly changed MM landscape, although only 20–40% of MM patients respond to ICI. In MM progressing after ICI, treatment options, especially in case of MM not bearing V600 mutation, are limited. In this scenario, radionuclide theranostics, based on the sequential administration of a radiopharmaceuticals’ pair, the first labeled with a radionuclide emitting energy suitable for imaging (i.e. positrons or gamma-rays), the second bound to another nuclide emitting particles for therapy, is particularly welcome. Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R), strongly overexpressed by MM cells, has recently emerged as an interesting target for radionuclide theranostics. In the following, we briefly cover some emerging applications of MC1R-targeted radionuclide theranostics, also with reference to the potential of implementing some innovative nanotechnologies, such as gold nanoparticles, to move the field forward
Administrative health claims and laboratory data to identified mCRPC or mCSPC patients: the way to go looks long but promising
No full textN
DASciS software: a scintigraphic tool able to evaluate the scintigraphic load of bone disease as a survival predictor in mCRPC Radium-223 patients
No full textEarly 18F-FDG PET/CT in COVID-19
Full text linkWe report the case of who has been hospitalized complaining about fever in the last 4 days. Laboratory data revealed lymphocytopenia and leucopenia with an elevation of C-reactive protein and positive real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Six days before this hospitalization, when the patient was asymptomatic, 18F-FDG PET/CT images were performed for the therapeutic control of liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Lung abnormality findings at 18F-FDG PET/CT images, unrelated to cancer metastases, but suspicious for viral infection, may suggest the presence of COVID-19 disease in its early phase before symptoms onset. Since PET/CT is more sensitive than CT scan in detecting host’s reaction, the added value of this technique could be monitoring disease progression and could be used as a biomarker of lung disease activity and therefore as an important tool for a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the progression of lung disease
The new bone WB-SPECT/CT: hybrid, from head-to-toe and digital! Is it worth the effort?
No full textIntroduction.
A bone scan (BS) plays a pivotal role in many oncological and non-oncological conditions. The planar BS is characterized by high sensitivity but low specificity. With respect to planar imaging, the implementation of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has allowed increased image contrast and more accurate tracer localization.
Areas covered.
Recent technological innovations in the field of BS are treated, with a particular focus on multi-field-of-view devices allowing to cover the entire scan length with a 3D acquisition (WB-SPECT/CT). In addition, the applications of cadmium zinc telluride/CzT detectors capable of converting gamma photons directly into electrical impulses (i.e. ‘digital SPECT’) are discussed.
Expert opinion.
Initial clinical experiences indicate that WB-SPECT/CT is characterized by higher sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy, and increased confidence in image interpretation with respect to the ‘old-fashioned’ BS (planar images with or without a single field-of-view SPECT). Furthermore, CzT-based detectors, thanks to their superior sensitivity, might be helpful to implement fast acquisition protocols. Further studies are needed to better define the clinical impact of bone CzT WB-SPECT/CT on patients’ management and outcome, as well as its cost–benefit ratio
Radiolabeled FAPI in pancreatic cancer: can it be an additional value in the management of patients?
No full textintroduction: to discuss the current evidence about radiolabeled-FAPI in patients affected by pancreatic cancer by underlying the advantages, disadvantages, and the future perspectives also in the theragnostic field.
areas covered: a literature search up until february 2023 was performed in pubmed, EBSCO, and EMBASE databases. clinical reports, conference abstracts, editorials, and letters-to-the-editor were excluded. the results were presented according to the PRISMA guidelines. the quality of studies was evaluated by using the critical appraisal skill program checklist.
expert opinion: from the initial 139 studies, 21 papers were selected for the final analysis. ten papers were related to FAPI-uptake in health/benign/malignant pancreas, eight studies were focalized on the utility of radiolabeled-FAPI for the identification of premalignant and malignant pancreatic lesions and only three papers were related to the the theragnostic approach. only two papers enrolled exclusively patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing FAPI-PET. In total, 55 patients underwent FAPI-PET for the identification of the suspicious mass/primary tumor (n = 43) and recurrent disease (n = 12). in both the studies, FAPI-PET detected more lesions than 2-[18F]FDG. preliminary data about the FAPI-based theragnostic approach in patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 9 patients, totally) are now available. radiolabeled-FAPI is a promising agent for the identification of pancreatic malignant lesions, but further prospective studies are still necessary
New insight and future perspective of mesothelin-targeted agents in nuclear medicine
Full text linkPurpose: The aim of this review is to summarize the main applications of mesothelin-targeting agents in the diagnosis of different types of cancers with a brief mention of nuclear magnetic resonance. Methods: The articles taken into account were selected from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, including research articles and abstracts that deal with radioimmunotherapy and new tracers for nuclear medicine and radiodiagnosis. Articles that are not in English have been excluded. Results: Mesothelin-targeting agents were the subject of the selected articles in which tracers as 64Cu-DOTA-11-25mAb anti MSLN, 111In-MORAb-009-CHX-A′′, 89Zr-MMOT0530A, 111In-amatuximab, 99mTc-A1, 89Zr-AMA, 89Zr-amatuximab, 64Cu-amatuximab, 89Zr-labeled MMOT0530A and 89Zr-B3 found application in detection of malignancies that overexpressed mesothelin. Only one article approached magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles linked to anti-mesothelin antibodies. The tracers proved to be highly sensitive in detecting mesothelin positive cells. 89Zr-labeled MMOT0530A could also be used to predict the suitability of patients to radioimmunotherapy. Conclusions: Radiolabeled anti-mesothelin antibodies could be crucial as a treatment tool and for predicting the eligibility and the response of the patient to radioimmunotherapy through the study of the expression grade of mesothelin. They can be a relevant tool for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, lung cancer, human epidermoid carcinoma, ovarian cancer, malignant mesothelioma in which mesothelin is widely expressed
Dosimetric principles of targeted radiotherapy and radioimmunotherapy
No full textThe use of radioisotopes in therapy represents a field of application that is constantly increasing. Therapy applications in nuclear medicine are expected to reach 40% of clinical activity in the 2020–2030 decade. Radionuclide therapy can be delineated into two main categories. The first approach uses the inherent biodistribution properties of the radionuclide, whereby it naturally accumulates in cancerous tissue. For example, radium-223 is a calcium-mimetic isotope incorporated in sites of increased bone turnover and osteoblastic activity. The second approach prefers the conjugation of the radionuclide to vectors such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), peptides, or small molecules to target tumor-associated antigens, allowing the possibility to treat a wide range of neoplastic pathologies. In principle, as is proper practice for therapeutic regimes with ionizing radiation, a dosimetric approach should be performed to optimize and personalize the treatment. The dosimetry of the lesion may be more effective in order to adapt and maximize the beneficial effects of the treatment
Clinical Applications of TSPO PET for Glioma Imaging: Current Evidence and Future Perspective-A Systematic Review
No full textour aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature concerning the clinical applications of positron emission computed tomography (PET) with radiopharmaceuticals targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) in gliomas. a literature search for studies about TSPO PET in the last 10 years (from 2013 to february 2023) was carried out on pubmed, scopus, and web of science using the following keywords: “PET” AND “gliomas” AND “TSPO”. the critical appraisal skills program checklist for diagnostic test studies was used for testing the quality of selected papers. ten articles were selected, encompassing 314 glioma patients submitted to PET/CT (9/10) or PET/MRI (1/10) with TSPO ligands. among the various available TSPO tracers, the most frequently used was the third-generation ligand, [18F]-GE-180. TSPO PET results were useful to identify anaplastic transformation in gliomas and for the prognostic stratification of patients bearing homogeneous genetic alterations. when compared to amino-acid PET, TSPO PET with [18F]-GE-180 presented superior image quality and provided larger and only partially overlapping PET-based volumes. although biased by some issues (i.e., small sample size, most of the studies coming from the same country), preliminary applications of TSPO PET were encouraging. further studies are needed to define implications in clinical practice and shape the role of TSPO PET for patients’ selection for potential TSPO-targeted molecular therapies
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