1,721,171 research outputs found
J.-D. Forest, 1996. - Mésopotamie, l'apparition de l'État.
No full textFrangipane Marcella. J.-D. Forest, 1996. - Mésopotamie, l'apparition de l'État.. In: Paléorient, 1998, vol. 24, n°2. pp. 122-124
FOURTH MILLENNIUM ARSLANTEPE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CENTRALISED SOCIETY WITHOUT URBANISATION
No full textThis paper summarises the main achievements obtained in the course of 50 years of excavations
at Arslantepe (and particularly in the past three decades) relating to the extraordinary development
of the site in the fourth millennium BC, parallel to growth of centralised and urban societies
in the related regions of Mesopotamia. The author succinctly illustrates the features that most clearly
show the development of a society with powerful central institutions exercising a very strong interference
in the local staple economy and control over a substantial portion of the labour force. This developmental
process is analysed in an attempt to identify similarities with and differences from the
Mesopotamian world, stressing how far the centralisation phenomenon at Arslantepe had basically local
roots, while certainly being parallel to and related with similar developments taking place in the
neighbouring southernmost societies.
KEYWORDS – Fourth millennium, Upper Euphrates, centralisation, secularisation
Establishment of a Middle/Upper Euphrates Early Bronze I culture from the fragmentation of the Uruk World. New data from Zeytinli Bahçe Höyük (Urfa, Turkey)
No full textSi analizzano i risultati di recenti scavi condotti dall'autrice nel sito di Zeytinli Bahçe, sull'Eufrate turco, con una lunga sequenza temporale tra IV e II millennio e se ne esaminano le implicazioni per una nuova visione dei fenomeni di prima e seconda urbanizzazione nelle regioni settentrionali del mondo mesopotamico.We analyze the results of recent excavations conducted by the author at the site of Zeytinli Bahçe, turkish Euphrates, with a long temporal sequence between the fourth and second millennium and we examine the implications for a new view of the phenomena of urbanization in the first and second northern parts of the Mesopotamian world
THE COLLAPSE OF THE 4TH MILLENNIUM CENTRALISED SYSTEM AT ARSLANTEPE AND THE FAR-REACHING CHANGES IN 3RD MILLENNIUM SOCIETIES
No full textThe paper is a summary of the key-elements of the 3rd millennium BC sequence at
Arslantepe, and is aimed at giving a general picture of the complex events which took place in the
region as reflected by the Arslantepe site. By so doing, it also intends to introduce and contextualise
the information presented on individual aspects in the other papers in the same section of this volume.
The author stresses the far-reaching changes occurred in the site after the Late Chalcolithic 5
crisis, with successive, sometimes abrupt interruptions in the continuity of the cultural, organisational
and socio-economic development of the Arslantepe society, as well as in the site’s external relations.
Two main breaks have been recognised: the first around 3000 BC, after the collapse of the
Late Uruk centralised system, and the second around 2700 BC, at the transition between Early
Bronze I and II, when Arslantepe and the Malatya region underwent radical changes, bringing to
a kind of isolation and then to a new position in the network of interregional political and cultural
relations
"Transitions" as an archaeological concept. Interpreting the final Ubaid - Late Chalcolithic transition in the northern periphery of Mesopotamia.
No full textThe paper deals with the problem of defining and recognising the real transitions between two ‘periods’ (chronological entities we identify on the basis of homogeneous assemblages of materials), before addressing a specific analysis of the Final Ubaid-Late Chalcolithic transition. In the first part the author discusses the problem from a theoretical and methodological point of view, revisiting the use of the term and concept of ‘transition’, its meaning and ambiguities and the difficulties implicit in the analytical procedure of dividing the unfolding of history into “phases” and “periods”. She stresses that our needs for classification and ordering sometimes bring to compose gradual and progressive changes between two periods into a new phase, made of those elements that are not evident parts of either one period or another. The paper also try to stress the distinction between real transitions, which do exist and are the result of the process of change from one well defined and coherent universe (a period) to another, and those obscure and nuanced periods in the archaeological record which are simply the reflection of the lack of information. In the second part of the paper, the author tries to apply the previous discussion to the case of the Late Chalcolithic 1 and 2 in Upper Mesopotamia and Eastern Anatolia and to the problem of the so-called transition from the Ubaid period
The Late Chalcolithic IEB I sequence at Arslantepe. Chronological and cultural remarks from a frontier site
No full textFrangipane Marcella. The Late Chalcolithic IEB I sequence at Arslantepe. Chronological and cultural remarks from a frontier site. In: Chronologies des pays du Caucase et de l’Euphrate aux IVe-IIIe millénaires. From the Euphrates to the Caucasus: Chronologies for the 4th-3rd millennium B.C. Vom Euphrat in den Kaukasus: Vergleichende Chronologie des 4. und 3. Jahrtausends v. Chr. Actes du Colloque d’Istanbul, 16-19 décembre 1998. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2000. pp. 439-471. (Varia Anatolica, 11
A 4th millennium temple/palace complex at Arslantepe-Malatya. North-South relations and the formation of early state societies in the northern regions of Greater Mesopotamia
No full textThis article reconsiders the nature of relations between the southern and northern communities of "Greater Mesopotamia " during the Late Uruk period and- the effects that the so-called, expansion of southern groups had on the formation of the first state societies in the northern regions of Syria and Eastern Anatolia. The author stresses the earlier historical roots of the unitv of Greater Mesopotamia as well as the importance of local components in the development of new centralised political structures. The changes in interregional and intersite relations during this time also seem to be inainly a result of structural changes which took place in the individual societies both in the north and, in the south. The analysis is based on the emblematic case of Arslantepe (Malatva), where the wealth of data from a large public area has made it possible to reconstruct an earlv "State" svstem stronglv interacting with the southern societies, but based on the growth of local organisational structures.Nouvelle étude de la nature des rapports entretenus entre les communautés du Nord, et du Sud de la, « Greater Mesopotamia » au cours de l'Uruk récent, plus particulièrement de l'influence que l'expansion de groupes venant du Sud a pu avoir, dans les régions septentrionales de la Syrie et de l'Anatolie orientale, sur la naissance et l'évolution des premières formes de l'État. Sont mises en évidence aussi bien les racines historiques de l'unité culturelle qui caractérise la « Greater Mesopotamia » que l'importance des composantes locales et, le rôle que les unes et les autres jouèrent dans le développement d'organisations politiques centralisées. Les changements observés tant au niveau inter- régional qu 'au niveau des sites à cette époque sont dus principalement aux changements structuraux qui prirent place, et dans les sociétés du nord et dans celles du sud. Cette analyse est fondée sur le cas exemplaire que nous offre le site d'Arslan Tepe (Malatya) où la richesse des données provenant d'une vaste zone d'édifices publics a permis de proposer une reconstruction d'une proto-organisation d'un État avant de fortes interactions avec les sociétés du Sud, mais qui, en même temps, reposait sur le développement de structures tout à fait locales.Frangipane Marcella. A 4th-millennium temple/palace complex at Arslantepe-Malatya. North-South relations and the formation of early state societies in the Northern regions of Greater Mesopotamia.. In: Paléorient, 1997, vol. 23, n°1. pp. 45-73
Evaluation of the project "Beyond the land of the Golden Fleece: Archaeological investigations at Mtskheta, Georgia (Caucasian Iberia)" by Antonio Sagona, Univ. of Melbourne, Australia; richiesta da National Geographic Society
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Evaluation of the research project "Early Transcaucasian Culture Functions, Organization and Change: New Excavations at Shengavit, Armenia" by M. Rothman, richiesta da National Science Foundation
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