86 research outputs found
Progress in breast cancer surgical management
No full textEvolution in breast cancer surgery has been significant over these four decades. Many scientific changes have been reached, impacting daily clinical practise, thanks to scientific research and surgeons' efforts, always tended to warrant oncological radicality as well improve women quality of life and cosmesis. Achievements in imaging, in breast cancer molecular signature characterization and patients' genomic profile are progressively refining a sophisticated personalization of breast cancer prevention and treatment. Progress in surgery involves both primary breast site surgery and surgical axillary staging, revealing a strong propensity for a limited surgical approach and technical precision. Multimodal management and individualization are the axioms on which current research on breast cancer prevention and treatment is progressing
Sentinel node biopsy in conservative surgery for breast cancer: a changing role in clinical practice
No full textRecent studies have demonstrated that the extent of surgical treatment in both breast and axilla can be minimized through a multimodal and personalized management, based on assessment of breast cancer (BC) molecular subtypes, genetics and on the prevailing relevance of systemic therapies. Axillary lymph-nodes dissection (ALND) represents the older surgical modality for appropriate staging and for adjuvant systemic and radiation therapies planning. Thanks to findings from extensive and crucial clinical trials, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) replaced this approach, obviating the need for ALND in node-negative disease patients, both in mastectomy and conservative surgery, and becoming a crucial turning point in BC managing. Furthermore, recent clinical trials have established that ALND can be avoided in those patients with low axillary disease burden in the sentinel nodes who are undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiotherapy. Several studies also proved that neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) increases the BCS rates, as well reducing the extent of axillary surgery. The potential oncological safety of axillary observation choice in early BC patients undergoing BCS, in the recent perspective of the prevailing value of BC biology, is also under scientific evaluation. This study explores the current role of SLNB in BC patients eligible for BCS, providing a view into future directions in BC care
IL CAPITOLO DELLA CATTEDRALE DI BERGAMO NEL XIV SECOLO
No full textThe dissertation investigates the Cathedral chapter of Bergamo in fourteenth century and focuses on the relationships among bishops and chapter members, seeking to reconstitute the social composition of this group, but also the chapter itself as an institution. I have studied the statutes of the chapter, the dignities and minor officials, the residentiary system, prebends and their value, daily life in church. A particular attention is also reserved to sources and their authors, the notaries, a group that lies between laical society and canons
ASO Author Reflections: Is Breast-Conserving Surgery a Safe Treatment Option for High-Risk Breast Cancer?
No full textReply to: Is serum uric acid a pretty accurate prognostic predictor of ST elevated acute coronary syndrome? Author: Alexander E. Berezin
No full textRuins of the past: the use and perception of abandoned structures in the Maya lowlands
No full textTravix W. Stanton and Aline Magnoni, editors.Includes bibliographical references and index.From the Formative to the present, Maya peoples have continuously built, altered, abandoned, and re-used structures, imbuing them with new meanings at each transformation. Ruins of the Past is the first volume to focus on how previously built structures in the Maya Lowlands were used and perceived by later peoples, exploring the topic through concepts of landscape, place, and memory.--Book jacket.Foreword / Wendy Ashmore -- Places of remembrance: the use and perception of abandoned structures in the Maya lowlands / Travis W. Stanton and Aline Magnoni -- Forgotten structures, haunted houses, and occupied hearts: ancient perspectives and contemporary interpretations of abandoned sites and buildings in the Mirador Basin, Guatemala / Richard D. Hansen, Wayne K. Howell, and Stanley P. Guenter -- The transformation of abandoned architecture at Piedras Negras / Mark B. Child and Charles W. Golden -- Structure abandonment and landscape transformation: examples from the Three Rivers region / Lauren A. Sullivan [and others] -- Manipulating memory in the wake of dynastic decline at El Perú-Waka': termination deposits at abandoned structure M13-1 / Olivia C. Navarro Farr, David A. Freidel, and Ana Lucía Arroyave Prera -- Establishing and reusing sacred place: a diachronic perspective from Blackman Eddy, Belize / M. Kathryn Brown and James F. Garber -- Anatomy of a post-collapse society: identity and interaction in early postclassic Copán / T. Kam Manahan -- Landscape transformations and changing perceptions at Chunchucmil, Yucatán / Aline Magnoni, Scott R. Hutson, and Travis W. Stanton -- Edzná: a lived place through time / Antonio Benavides C. -- Memories, meanings, and historical awareness: post-abandonment behaviors among the lowland Maya / Marcello A. Canuto and Anthony P. Andrews -- Afterword / Denise Fay Brown
The katG mRNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis is processed at its 5 ' end and is stabilized by both a polypurine sequence and translation initiation
No full textBackground: In Mycobacterium tuberculosis and in Mycobacterium smegmatis the furA-katG loci, encoding the FurA regulatory protein and the KatG catalase-peroxidase, are highly conserved. In M. tuberculosis furA-katG constitute a single operon, whereas in M. smegmatis a single mRNA covering both genes could not be found. In both species, specific 5' ends have been identified: the first one, located upstream of the furA gene, corresponds to transcription initiation from the furA promoter; the second one is the katG mRNA 5' end, located in the terminal part of furA.UPCO
Un eritema anulare centrifugo ricorrente da molti anni in estate
No full textL’eritema anulare centrifugo ricorrente annualmente è una peculiare variante clinica di eritema anulare centrifugo superficiale, clinicamente ed istologicamente indistinguibile da questo, ma caratterizzato da una ricorrenza annuale e stagionale. Presentiamo il caso di una donna di 46 anni con un’importante sintomatologia pruriginosa. All’esame obiettivo si rilevava la presenza di chiazze eritematose con risoluzione centrale multiple e confluenti agli arti superiori ed inferiori. Il cavo orale, faccia, tronco, mani e piedi erano risparmiati dalle lesioni. La paziente non assumeva farmaci, non era affetta da patologie sistemiche e riferiva che tali manifestazioni si presentavano ogni anno, da 8 anni a questa parte, nel periodo estivo e regredivano spontaneamente in autunno. La diagnosi differenziale dell’eritema anulare centrifugo comprende principalmente il granuloma anulare, micosi fungoide, pitiriasi rosea, tinea corporis, sarcoidosi, orticaria e lebbra. Clinicamente le manifestazioni cutanee deponevano per un quadro di eritema anulare centrifugo. Veniva eseguita una biopsia cutanea il cui quadro istologico, caratterizzato da un infiltrato infiammatorio perivascolare linfoistiocitario nel derma papillare e medio, confermava la diagnosi di eritema anulare centrifugo. Mediante l’esecuzione di una completa serie di esami di laboratorio e strumentali veniva esclusa la presenza di una patologia sottostante. Veniva impostata una terapia sistemica steroidea con risoluzione del quadro cutaneo
Negative Pigment Network Identifies a Peculiar Melanoma Subtype and Represents a Clue to Melanoma Diagnosis: A Dermoscopic Study of 401 Melanomas
No full textThe dermoscopic descriptor "negative pigment network" (NPN) has been reported in several types of melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions, although it has a higher frequency of association with melanoma and Spitz naevus. In a study of 401 consecutive melanomas, excluding facial, acral and mucosal locations, the frequency and variability of NPN were investigated, and the results of NPN correlated with clinical and histopathological data. NPN of any extension was found in 27% of melanomas, most frequently invasive and arising from a naevus on the trunk of young subjects. Seven percent of melanomas in the study population showed presence of NPN in more than half of the lesion area; most of these did not show typical dermoscopic melanoma features. The authors propose a new melanoma subtype, in which extensive NPN should be considered as a diagnostic indicator
The Past and Future of Angiogenesis as a Target for Cancer Therapy and Prevention
No full textCancer growth is dependent on angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, which represents a hallmark of cancer. After this concept was established in the 1970s, inhibition of tumor development and metastases by blocking the neoangiogenic process has been an important approach to the treatment of tumors. However, antiangiogenic therapies are often administered when cancer has already progressed. The key to reducing the cancer burden is prevention. We noticed 20 years ago that a series of possible cancer chemopreventive agents showed antiangiogenic properties when tested in experimental models. This article reviews the relevant advances in the understanding of the rationale for targeting angiogenesis for cancer therapy, prevention, and interception and recently investigated substances with antiangiogenic activity that may be suitable for such strategies. Many compounds, either dietary derivatives or repurposed drugs, with antiangiogenic activity are possible tools for cancer angioprevention. Such molecules have a favorable safety profile and are likely to allow the prolonged duration necessary for an efficient preventive strategy. Recent evidence on mechanisms and possible use is described here for food derivatives, including flavonoids, retinoids, triterpenoids, omega fatty acids, and carotenoids from marine microorganisms. As examples, a number of compounds, including epigallocatechin, resveratrol, xanthohumol, hydroxytyrosol, curcumin, fenretinide, lycopene, fucoxanthin, and repurposed drugs, such as aspirin, β blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors, carnitines, and biguanides, are reviewed
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