220 research outputs found
AN IMMEDIATE FIT AND ADJUSTABLE TRANSTIBIAL PROSTHETIC SYSTEM; A PROSPECTIVE FEASIBILITY AND EFFICACY STUDY
No full textINTRODUCTION
Limb loss rates globally are rising and there is a large unmet need for an affordable and accessible prosthetic system for this growing US and International population. The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to assess the feasibility and utility of a novel immediate fit modular prosthetic system (IFIT Prosthetics, LLC™ prosthesis) for transtibial amputees.
Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32025/24442
How to cite: Dillingham T.R, Kenia J, Shofer F.S, Marschalek J. AN IMMEDIATE FIT AND ADJUSTABLE TRANSTIBIAL PROSTHETIC SYSTEM; A PROSPECTIVE FEASIBILITY AND EFFICACY STUDY. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32025
Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the AOPA 2018 National Assembly Scientific Committee
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
No full textBackgroundThe hospital environment is important in the transmission of Clostridium difficile, with C. difficile frequently contaminating environmental surfaces. Our objective was to evaluate the association between hospital room square footage and acquisition of nosocomial C. difficile infection (CDI).MethodsA case-control study was conducted at a university hospital during the calendar year of 2011. Case patients were adult inpatients with nosocomial CDI. Control patients were hospitalized patients without CDI, and were randomly selected and matched to cases in a 2:1 ratio based on hospital length of stay in 3-day strata. A multivariate model was developed using conditional logistic regression to evaluate risk factors for nosocomial CDI.ResultsA total of 75 case patients and 150 control patients were included. On multivariate analyses, greater square footage of the hospital room was associated with a significantly increased risk of acquiring CDI (odds ratio [OR] for every 50 ft2, 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75-5.16; P<0.001). Other factors associated with an increased risk of CDI were location in a single room (OR, 3.43; 95% CI, 1.31-9.05; P=0.01), malignancy (OR, 4.56; 95% CI, 1.82-11.4; P=0.001), and receipt of cefepime (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.06-5.82; P=0.04) or immunosuppressants (OR, 6.90; CI, 2.07-23.0; P=0.002) within the previous 30 days.ConclusionsGreater room square footage increased the risk of acquisition of CDI in the hospital setting, likely due to increased environmental contamination and/or difficulty in effective disinfection. Future studies are needed to determine feasible and effective cleaning protocols based on patient and room characteristics.K01 AI103028/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesK01-AI103028/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesU54-CK000163/CK/NCEZID CDC HHS/United State
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textYeasts of the genus Malassezia serve as both commensal microorganisms and pathogens on the skin of humans and domestic animals. Although rare, cases of life-threatening fungemia in people have been attributed to Malassezia pachydermatis, for which dogs are a natural host. Zoonotic transfer has been documented from dogs to immunocompromised patients by healthcare workers who own dogs. We investigated the role of pet dogs as risk factors for mechanical carriage of M. pachydermatis on human hands. Dogs and their owners were sampled as pairs, by fungal culture and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Although fungal culture was not a reliable means by which to detect carriage of the yeast on human hands, PCR identified M. pachydermatis on most (approximately equal to 93%) human participants. Human carriage of ubiquitous opportunistic pathogens such as M. pachydermatis underscores the importance of good hand hygiene by healthcare professionals
Participation in the academic associate program: effect on medical school admission rate.
No full textOBJECTIVES: Several emergency medicine programs are using premedical students as research assistants for clinical research in the emergency department (ED). These programs have been shown to enhance faculty research productivity, but the effects of these programs on the students\u27 goals have not been assessed. The authors evaluated the effect of the Academic Associate Program (AAP) on medical school acceptance rates.
METHODS: From 1997 to 2002, premedical students who attended informational sessions about the AAP completed a 28-item survey including demographic information, educational experiences, career goals, grade point average (GPA), and prior research participation. Premedical students who had a career goal of becoming a physician were included in the study if they matriculated into medical school or changed their career plans by the fall of 2003. Medical school acceptance was determined by contacting students or their parents via telephone and e-mail. Students enrolled in the AAP were compared with Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) data to determine whether they were more or less likely to be accepted into medical school.
RESULTS: During the study period, 198 students enrolled in the AAP had attained a final disposition with respect to medical school matriculation. Students were a mean age of 22.4 +/- 3.0 years, 55% female, and 43% nonwhite. Most students (91%) were junior year or later with respect to educational level. Prior research experience included being an author on an abstract (25%), being an author on a manuscript (17%), and presenting research at a scientific meeting (14%). The mean GPA ( +/- standard deviation) for Academic Associates was 3.38 ( +/- 0.31). Medical school acceptance rates were 79% for students in the AAP (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 73.1 to 84.5). This is higher than expected based on AAMC published data with a 49% (95% CI = 48.5 to 49.5) acceptance rate for students with a mean GPA of 3.46.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with AAMC data, students in the AAP have a higher medical school acceptance rate despite a slightly lower GPA. This finding suggests that participation in the program enhances a student\u27s likelihood of matriculating in medical school
Alcohol Clin Exp Res
No full textBackground:Although alcohol breath testing devices that pair with smartphones are promoted for the prevention of alcohol-impaired driving, their accuracy has not been established.Methods:In a within-subjects laboratory study, we administered weight-based doses of ethanol to two groups of 10 healthy, moderate drinkers aiming to achieve a target peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.10%. We obtained a peak phlebotomy BAC and measured breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) with a police-grade device (Intoxilyzer 240) and two randomly ordered series of three consumer smartphone-paired devices (six total devices) with measurements every 20 minutes until the BrAC reached 0.01%, though the BACtrack Mobile Pro and police-grade device were consistently more accurate than the Drinkmate and Evoc. Compared with the police-grade device measurements, the BACtrack Mobile Pro readings were consistently higher, the BACtrack Vio and Alcohoot measurements similar, and the Floome, Drinkmake, and Evoc consistently lower. The BACtrack Mobile Pro and Alcohoot were most sensitive in detecting BAC driving-limit thresholds, while the Drinkmate and Evoc devices failed to detect BAC limit thresholds more than 50% of the time relative to the police-grade device.Conclusions:The accuracy of smartphone-paired devices varied widely in this laboratory study of healthy participants. Although some devices are suitable for clinical and research purposes, others underestimated BAC, creating the potential to mislead intoxicated users to think that they are fit to drive.UL1 TR001878/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/K23HD090272001/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/R49 CE002474/CE/NCIPC CDC HHSUnited States/UL1TR001878/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/K23 HD090272/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States/R49CE002474/CE/NCIPC CDC HHSUnited States/R49CE002474/ACL/ACL HHSUnited States/2022-08-08T00:00:00Z33966283PMC935943711743vault:4311
The Association of Propofol Usage With Postoperative Wound Infection Rate in Clean Wounds: A Retrospective Study
No full textData from: Gender disparity in physician authorship among commentary articles in high impact medical journals
No full textBackground: There is an attrition of women physicians in academic medicine hierarchy. Scholarship in medical journals plays a direct role in career advancement, promotion, and authoritative recognition, and women physician authors are underrepresented in original research articles.
Objectives: We sought to determine if women physician authors are similarly underrepresented in commentary articles within high impact journals.
Design/Setting/Participants: In this observational study, we abstracted gender, degree, and authorship position from January 1, 2014 to October 16, 2018 among commentary articles in three high impact journals: 1) JAMA Viewpoint; 2) NEJM Perspective; and 3) Annals of Internal Medicine Ideas and Opinions.
Primary Outcome Measure: To compare the percentages of authors by gender, degree, authorship position, and journal in commentary articles, and assess for trends over a five-year period.
Secondary Outcome Measures: To compare the proportion of men and women physician authorship of commentaries relative to the proportion of men and women physician faculty within academic medicine. To examine the gender concordance between last and first authors.
Results: Of the 2,087 articles during the study period, 48% were men physician first authors compared to 17% women physician first authors (p<0.0001). Of the 1,477 articles with more than one author, similar distributions were found with regard to last authors: 55% were men physicians compared to only 12% of women physicians (p<0.0001). The proportion of women physician first authors increased over time, however the proportion of women physician last authors remained stagnant. Women authors in the first and last position were concordant in 9% of articles, men authors in the first and last author position were concordant in 55% of articles.
Conclusions: Women physician authors remain underrepresented in commentary articles compared to men physician authors in the first and last author position. The proportion of women first authors was lowest with a women last author.allyearjournalcomparisonAuthors, their inferred gender, their degrees, and their authorship order by journal and date from 1/1/2014-10/16/201
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