3,742 research outputs found
Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: rates and acceleration.
No full textOBJECTIVE: To quantify the regional and global cerebral atrophy rates and assess acceleration rates in healthy controls, subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and subjects with mild Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS: Using 0-, 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, and 36-month MRI scans of controls and subjects with MCI and AD from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, we calculated volume change of whole brain, hippocampus, and ventricles between all pairs of scans using the boundary shift integral. RESULTS: We found no evidence of acceleration in whole-brain atrophy rates in any group. There was evidence that hippocampal atrophy rates in MCI subjects accelerate by 0.22%/year2 on average (p = 0.037). There was evidence of acceleration in rates of ventricular enlargement in subjects with MCI (p = 0.001) and AD (p < 0.001), with rates estimated to increase by 0.27 mL/year2 (95% confidence interval 0.12, 0.43) and 0.88 mL/year2 (95% confidence interval 0.47, 1.29), respectively. A post hoc analysis suggested that the acceleration of hippocampal loss in MCI subjects was mainly driven by the MCI subjects that were observed to progress to clinical AD within 3 years of baseline, with this group showing hippocampal atrophy rate acceleration of 0.50%/year2 (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The small acceleration rates suggest a long period of transition to the pathologic losses seen in clinical AD. The acceleration in hippocampal atrophy rates in MCI subjects in the ADNI seems to be driven by those MCI subjects who concurrently progressed to a clinical diagnosis of AD
Herpes simplex encephalitis in a patient with complex partial epilepsy: confirmation by the polymerase chain reaction with necropsy studies
No full textConsideration of Interference Correlation Properties in a JD-CDMA Mobile Radio System with Coherent Receiver Antenna Diversity
No full textIn code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile radio systems, both intersymbol interference and multiple access interference arise which can be combatted by using Joint Detection (JD) techniques, to reduce the degradation in performance resulting from time variance, coherent receiver antenna diversity (CRAD) can be used. The application of JD techniques offers the possibility to exploit the knowledge of noise covariances at the receiver. If only intercell (cochannel) interference is considered, the noise covariances in the uplink receiver of a multiple receiver antenna CDMA mobile radio system depend mainly on the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the interfering signals and the receiver antenna placement. Therefore, if the interferer DOAs are known at the base station, these covariances could be estimated. In this thesis, a realistic model of the uplink of a JD CDMA mobile radio system with CRAD is described in which the above mentioned interference cancelling method is used. Simulation results according to this model are given and evaluated.Applied SciencesElectrical EngineeringTelecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Grou
Dairy farmers’ perceptions toward the implementation of on-farm Johne’s disease prevention and control strategies
No full textmplementation of specific management strategies on dairy farms is currently the most effective way to reduce the prevalence of Johne’s disease (JD), an infectious chronic enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). However, dairy farmers often fail to implement recommended strategies. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions of farmers participating in a JD prevention and control program toward recommended practices, and explore factors that influence whether or not a farmer adopts risk-reducing measures for MAP transmission. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 dairy farmers enrolled in a voluntary JD control program in Alberta, Canada. Principles of classical grounded theory were used for participant selection, interviewing, and data analysis. Additionally, demographic data and MAP infection status were collected and analyzed using quantitative questionnaires and the JD control program database. Farmers’ perceptions were distinguished according to 2 main categories: first, their belief in the importance of JD, and second, their belief in recommended JD prevention and control strategies. Based on these categories, farmers were classified into 4 groups: proactivists, disillusionists, deniers, and unconcerned. The first 2 groups believed in the importance of JD, and proactivists and unconcerned believed in proposed JD prevention and control measures. Groups that regarded JD as important had better knowledge about best strategies to reduce MAP transmission and had more JD risk assessments conducted on their farm. Although not quantified, it also appeared that these groups had more JD prevention and control practices in place. However, often JD was not perceived as a problem in the herd and generally farmers did not regard JD control as a “hot topic” in communications with their herd veterinarian and other farmers. Recommendations regarding how to communicate with farmers and motivate various groups of farmers according to their specific perceptions were provided to optimize adoption of JD prevention and control measures and thereby increase success of voluntary JD control programs
JD/MBA Students’ Conference to Explore the Intersection of Law, Business and Mining
No full textJD/MBA Students’ Conference to Explore the Intersection of Law, Business and Mining
Labour Minister Lisa Raitt and Sherritt International Chairman Ian Delaney to deliver addresses
TORONTO, February 5, 2013 – About 30 executives, lawyers, scholars, financiers and regulators will grapple with the Canadian mining industry’s most pressing issues this Friday at a conference organized by students enrolled in the JD/MBA program at Osgoode Hall Law School and Schulich School of Business at York University.
Ian W. Delaney, Chairman of Sherritt International, will be the keynote speaker at the conference, titled Industrious Elements: At the Intersection of Law, Business and Mining. Former natural resources minister, Osgoode alum, and current federal labour minister Lisa Raitt will deliver an opening address, followed by remarks by Stikeman Elliott Managing Partner Jay Kellerman, who heads the firm\u27s global mining group.
The 16th annual conference organized by the JD/MBA Students’ Association will be held Friday, February 8, 2013 at the Courtyard Marriott at 475 Yonge Street in Toronto.
“The JD/MBA Students’ Association has brought together an impressive roster of experts and topical issues in one of Canada’s most challenging and important industries,” said Edward J. Waitzer, Director of the Jay and Barbara Hennick Centre for Business and Law and the Jarislowsky Dimma Mooney Chair in Corporate Governance at Osgoode and Schulich.
“Of course, the Schulich School of Business has recently launched Canada’s first MBA specialization in Global Mining Management and the resources sector is at the leading edge of rapidly evolving social and legal norms, so it’s no wonder that many of our students are intrigued by and well-versed in the complex issues facing this industry,” said Waitzer.
The leading sponsors of the conference are Fogler Rubinoff LLP; Davies Ward Phillips Vineberg LLP; Norton Rose Canada LLP; and Fraser Milner Casgrain LLP. The conference is supported by the Hennick Centre for Business and Law at Osgoode and Schulich.
During the conference, the Hennick Award of Excellence will be presented to Sherena Hussain, JD/MBA’12, an articling student with McCarthy Tètrault LLP who is actively involved in her community as a board member for various non-profit organizations. The Hennick Medal is awarded to the JD/MBA student with the highest cumulative Grade Point Average (GPA) over the course of the program.
“Sherena Hussain represents all of the qualities we hope for in our JD/MBA graduates: she has achieved outstanding academic excellence, developed compelling analytical skills and business acumen, and possesses exemplary character traits,” said Peter Macdonald, Co-Director, JD/MBA Program, Schulich School of Business. We are honoured to celebrate Sherena’s many accomplishments with the presentation of the Hennick Award of Excellence.
Members of the media are welcome to attend the speeches and panel discussions but are asked to email [email protected] to register their attendance in advance.
Conference panel topics and panelists include:
From the Ground Up: Fundamentals of Mining Finance: Richard Ross, Executive-in-Residence, Schulich School of Business (moderator); Egizio Bianchini, Vice-Chair & Global Co-Head, Global Metals & Mining, BMO Capital Markets; Jay Kellerman, Managing Partner, Stikeman Elliott LLP; and Nick Ransley, Managing Director, Americas, Cutfield Freeman & Co.
Regulatory Retooling: Environmental Compliance Post-Budget 2012: Patricia Hania, PhD Candidate, Osgoode Hall Law School (moderator); Sarah Powell, Partner, Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP; Michael Fortier, Partner, Torys LLP; and Anjala Puvananathan, Regional Director (Ontario), Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency.
Heigh-Ho! Off to Work in Mining Law Practice: Peter Macdonald, Co-Director, JD/MBA Program, Schulich School of Business (moderator); Ali J. Naushahi, Partner, Fraser Milner Casgrain LLP; Melanie Shishler, Partner, Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP; Trent Mell, Executive VP, Aurico Gold; and Mark Bennett, Cassels Brock & Blackwell LLP.
International Issues in Mining: Janne Duncan, Partner, Norton Rose Canada LLP (moderator); Carlos Espinosa, Head, Business Development, Toronto Stock Exchange; Andrew Foley, Partner, Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP; Rick Moscone, Partner, Fogler Rubinoff LLP; and Jim McArdle, Senior Vice President, Legal Services & Secretary, Export Development Canada.
Aboriginal Partnership: Models for Success: Wesley Cragg, Professor Emeritus, Business Ethics, Schulich School of Business (moderator); Bernie Hughes, Director, Aboriginal Relations, Ministry of Northern Development and Mines; Ormonde Benson, Partner, Miller Thomson LLP; and Michael Fox, President, Fox High Impact Consulting.
After the Mine: Creating Stable Communities: Patricia Dillon, Executive-in-Residence, Schulich School of Business (moderator); Janet Fishlock, Senior Community Development Specialist, rePlan; Aaron Steeghs, Manager, Corporate Social Responsibility, IAMGOLD Corporation; and David Clarry, Vice President, Corporate Social Responsibility, Hudbay.
More information about the conference may be found at www.jdmbaconference.com.
For more information, please contact:
Beth Marlin Media and Public Relations Schulich School of Business, York University
Email: [email protected]
Tel: 416-736-2100, ext. 22750
Cell: 905-717-6278
Douglas Judson, Conference Co-chair, JD/MBA ’15 candidate Email: [email protected] Tel: 613-720-3845
Geoff Malyk, Conference Co-chair, JD/MBA ’13 candidate Email: [email protected] Tel: 416-731-638
Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection
No full textIn the last decades, many regional and country‐wide control programmes for Johne's disease (JD ) were developed due to associated economic losses, or because of a possible association with Crohn's disease. These control programmes were often not successful, partly because management protocols were not followed, including the introduction of infected replacement cattle, because tests to identify infected animals were unreliable, and uptake by farmers was not high enough because of a perceived low return on investment. In the absence of a cure or effective commercial vaccines, control of JD is currently primarily based on herd management strategies to avoid infection of cattle and restrict within‐farm and farm‐to‐farm transmission. Although JD control programmes have been implemented in most developed countries, lessons learned from JD prevention and control programmes are underreported. Also, JD control programmes are typically evaluated in a limited number of herds and the duration of the study is less than 5 year, making it difficult to adequately assess the efficacy of control programmes. In this manuscript, we identify the most important gaps in knowledge hampering JD prevention and control programmes, including vaccination and diagnostics. Secondly, we discuss directions that research should take to address those knowledge gaps
FIG. 2 in Albanerpetontid Amphibians from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) of North America
No full textFIG. 2. — Dentaries of Albanerpeton nexuosus Estes, 1981 and A. galaktion Fox & Naylor, 1982, Campanian and Maastrichtian (Aquilan to Lancian in age), North American Western Interior; A-I, A. nexuosus; A, B, UCMP 49540, topotypic right mandible consisting of incomplete dentary and anterior tip of angular, A, lingual view, B, occlusal view; C, UCMP 49535, incomplete topotypic right dentary, lingual view; D, E, UCM 38714, incomplete left dentary, D, labial view, E, lingual view; F, RTMP 96.78.152, anterior part of left dentary, lingual view; G, UALVP 16238, anterior part of right dentary, labial view; H, UALVP 40014, anterior part of right dentary, labial view; I, UALVP 40032, posterior part of left dentary missing posteriormost end of area for attachment of postdentary bones, lingual view; J-M, A. galaktion; J, UALVP 16221, incomplete small, left dentary, lingual view; K-M, UALVP 16217, incomplete large, right dentary, K, labial view, L, lingual view, M, occlusal view. Provenances: A-C, UCMP specimens, Lance Formation, Wyoming; D, E, UCM specimen, Laramie Formation, Colorado, all upper Maastrichtian (i.e. Lancian in age); F, RTMP specimen, Oldman Formation, middle Campanian (i.e. Judithian in age), Alberta; G-M, UALVP specimens, Milk River Formation, lower Campanian (i.e. Aquilan in age), Alberta. Scale bars: 1 mm.Published as part of Gardner, JD, 2000, Albanerpetontid Amphibians from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) of North America, pp. 349-388 in Geodiversitas 22 (3) on page 355, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.537870
FIG. 6 in Albanerpetontid Amphibians from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) of North America
No full textFIG. 6. — Frontals of Albanerpeton nexuosus Estes, 1982 and A. galaktion Fox & Naylor, 1981, lower Campanian (Aquilan in age), Alberta; A-E, A. nexuosus; A, B, UALVP 39996, fused frontals lacking anterior and posterior ends, A, dorsal view, B, ventral view; C, UALVP 39983, anterior part of fused frontals, dorsal view; D, UALVP 39989, posterior part of left frontal, ventral view; E, UALVP 39987, fragmentary fused frontals, ventral view; F-K, A. galaktion; F, G, UALVP 16216, fused and incomplete frontals missing anteri- or end of bone and posterior end of both ventrolateral crests, F, dorsal view, G, ventral view; H, UALVP 39946, anterior part of fused frontals, dorsal view; I, J, UALVP 39945, posterior one-half of fused frontals missing posterior end of both ventrolateral crests, I, dorsal view, J, ventral view; K, UALVP 39951, right posterior part of fused frontals, ventral view. All specimens are from the Milk River Formation. Scale bars: 1 mm.Published as part of Gardner, JD, 2000, Albanerpetontid Amphibians from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) of North America, pp. 349-388 in Geodiversitas 22 (3) on page 362, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.537870
Soluble tau species, not neurofibrillary aggregates, disrupt neural system integration in a tau transgenic model
No full textNeurofibrillary tangles are a feature of Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies, and although they are generally believed to be markers of neuronal pathology, there is little evidence evaluating whether tangles directly impact neuronal function. To investigate the response of cells in hippocampal circuits to complex behavioral stimuli, we used an environmental enrichment paradigm to induce expression of an immediate-early gene, Arc, in the rTg4510 mouse model of tauopathy. These mice reversibly overexpress P301L tau and exhibit substantial neurofibrillary tangle deposition, neuronal loss, and memory deficits. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization to detect Arc messenger RNA, we found that rTg4510 mice have impaired hippocampal Arc expression both without stimulation and in response to environmental enrichment; this likely reflects the combination of functional impairments of existing neurons and loss of neurons. However, tangle-bearing cells were at least as likely as non-tangle-bearing neurons to exhibit Arc expression in response to enrichment. Transgene suppression with doxycycline for 6 weeks resulted in increased percentages of Arc-positive cells in rTg4510 brains compared with untreated transgenics, restoring enrichment-induced Arc messenger RNA levels to that of wild-type controls despite the continued presence of neurofibrillary pathology. We interpret these data to indicate that soluble tau contributes to impairment of hippocampal function, although tangles do not preclude neurons from responding in a functional circuit
Evaluation of an alternative method of herd classification for infection with paratuberculosis in cattle herds in the United States
No full textObjective - To develop a better system for classification of herd infection status for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease JD]) in US cattle herds on the basis of the risk of potential transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratubeculosis. Sample - Simulated data for herd size and within-herd prevalence; sensitivity and specificity for test methods obtained from consensus-based estimates. Procedures - Interrelationships among variables influencing interpretation and classification of herd infection status for JD were evaluated by use of simulated data for various herd sizes, true within-herd prevalences, and sampling and testing methods. The probability of finding ≥1 infected animal in herds was estimated for various testing methods and sample sizes by use of hypergeometric random sampling. Results - 2 main components were required for the new herd JD classification system: the probability of detection of infection determined on the basis of test results from a sample of animals and the maximum detected number of animals with positive test results. Tables were constructed of the estimated probability of detection of infection, and the maximum number of cattle with positive test results or fecal pools with positive culture results with 95% confidence for classification of herd JD infection status were plotted. Herd risk for JD was categorized on the basis of 95% confidence that the true within-herd prevalence was ≤15%, ≤10%, ≤5%, or ≤2%. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - Analysis of the findings indicated that a scientifically rigorous and transparent herd classification system for JD in cattle is feasible.Source type: Electronic(1
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