39,233 research outputs found
Narrative art and act in the fourth gospel: aspects of the Johannine point of view
No full textThis thesis assumes that the narrative form of the Fourth Gospel is important for understanding the Gospel's meaning. Narrative is a communicative transaction whereby meaning is transmitted from author to reader via the way the story is told. Meaning is also established by overt speech-acts, and the 'act' performed in the overall structuring of the story. It arises within a context of rule-governed speech behaviour which determines parameters and implications that inform understanding. The Gospel's narrative form meets with readers' conventional expectations about how it relates to ostensive historical reality. Factors internal and external help determine genre. Part one examines aspects of the Gospel's narrative art. The way in which the narrative situation varies over the course of the narrative is outlined. The implied author manipulates the narration to create a close association in the reader’s mind between the narrator and the beloved disciple. In John 3 the voice of the narrator merges with those of Jesus and John. These strategies have implications for the Gospel's theological meaning and the relationship of the implied author to the story world. Speech-act theory elucidates the narrative act by which the implied author conveys the Gospel's message and seeks to induce belief in the reader. Part two considers the Gospel's relationship to historical reference. Factors which influence a decision as to whether or not the Gospel is to be taken as fictional are examined, for example, whether aspects of the narration suggest fictional discourse and whether the speech-acts operate within a 'pretended' world. Descriptive categories for the Gospel as natural narrative and 'display text' are proposed, as is a flexible model of genre, which modulates the poles of 'fiction' and 'history'. An analysis of the Temple Cleansing pericope provides illustration of the Gospel’s status as an historically-based, theological display text
Author-reader relationship at the site of the work
No full textWithin the format of a critical exegesis and four original works of extended prose fiction, this thesis explores the interaction between the author and reader and argues that literary meaning is the outcome of shifts of power between these two entities. It concludes that because these shifts in power are orchestrated by the author, the author is relevant to understanding how meaning is produced
A Primary Reader (?)
No full textThis book is a re-covered reader for the fourth through sixth grades by a feminine author who refers to Riverside reader volumes (168). From Foreign Lands (165-203) includes The Lark and Its Young, MM, and The Cat and the Monkey from Aesop; The Fox, the Hen, and the Drum and Three Fish from Bidpai; The Brahmin, the Tiger, and the Six Judges from Hindu; and The Oyster and the Two Claimants nicely rhymed from LaFontaine. Several simple illustrations.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)William Pene Du Bois and Lee P
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Colorado reader: Colorado fires!
No full textColorado Reader, Fire, soil & water issue. February 2003.Last year in Colorado, more than 1,400 fires burned 370,000 acres. Several years of drought made 2002 one of our state’s worst fire years. When we don’t get enough rain and snow our forests are in more danger from fire than usual. With hot summer temperatures and wind the danger grows
The children's first-fourth reader;
No full textVol. 4 has title: The fourth reader."Certain matter from The children's 2d-4th reader, by Ellen M. Cyr has been used."Mode of access: Internet
Authorship in Cinema: Author & Reader
No full textThis study consists of an elaboration on authorship in cinema by employing the conceptions of the ‘author’ and the ‘reader’. Within the scope of this elaboration, for a better understanding of the ‘cinematic-author’, first, the literary origin of the concept of the ‘author’ will be examined. Then, ‘Who is an author in cinema?’ will be questioned both through the on-going debates about the conception and what the concept itself means to me. Finally, the focus of the study will shift to the concept of the ‘reader’ and its interdependent relationship with the concept of the ‘author’; and it will be stated that, unlike post-structuralist ideas, it is not necessary to kill the ‘author’ for the birth of the ‘reader’
The Scientific romances of Charles Howard Hinton : the fourth dimension as hyperspace, hyperrealism and protomodernism
No full textThis thesis examines the epistemological, socio-cultural and aesthetic impact of the hyperspace philosophy of Charles Howard Hinton, as expressed within his two-volume
collection of Scientific Romances (1884-1896). Hinton's hyperspace philosophy is founded on the belief that the fourth dimension exists as a transcendental yet material
space that is accessible to both the mind and the physical senses. Inspired by Immanuel Kant's discussion of space as an a priori intuition, Hinton's project is one of
consciousness expansion: he argues that 'a new era of thought' can be attained through the recognition of the fourth dimension. The thesis demonstrates that, in the Scientific Romances, Hinton seeks to engender the 'reality' of the fourth dimension within the reader's imagination through the collaboration of reader and author. Hinton's hyperspace philosophy is thus concerned with mediation, the ways in which the consciousness thinks and creates with and through the aesthetics of space. In addition to providing the most developed analysis of Hinton's writing to date, this thesis examines the work of Hinton's contemporaries
exploring the ways in which the discourse of the fourth dimension can offer new readings of familiar literary texts. A recurring explanatory device throughout
hyperspace philosophy is the dimensional analogy, and the thesis illustrates how this trope resonates across the work of contemporary writers including Lewis Carroll, H. G. Wells, HenryJames, Friedrich Nietzsche and William James
The Reader as Author
No full text"The Reader as Author" explores how readers become co-authors of the literary experience, through the imaginative act of filling gaps or, indeed, through their resistance to authorial propositions. The “virtual witnessing” in Charles Darwin’s The Voyage of the Beagle and the companionable tone of Lewis Carroll’s Alice books—testify to the broad range of literary genres that invite readers to interact with and react to “author” texts beyond the initial writer’s control
READER-TEST INTERACTIONS: AN EXPLANATORY ITEM RESPONSE STUDY ON READING COMPREHENSION
No full textAccording to the RAND model framework, reading comprehension test performance is influenced by readers’ reading skills or reader characteristics, test properties, and their interactions. However, little empirical research has systematically compared the impacts of reader characteristics, test properties, and reader-test interactions across different standardized tests. The present study used the explanatory item response approach to investigate the reader-test interactions in two commonly used standardized tests: Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test-4th edition (GMRT-4; MacGinitie et al., 2000) and Wechsler Individual Achievement Test- 3rd Edition Reading Comprehension (WIAT-III; Wechsler, 2009). Five reader characteristics scores (i.e., decoding, pseudoword reading, vocabulary, fluency, morpho-syntactic knowledge) of 89 fourth graders were obtained. Six test properties (i.e., mean sentence length, mean log word frequency, referential cohesion, deep cohesion, genre, and question type) of the two tests were measured by The Lexile Framework for Reading (Schnick & Knickelbine, 2007) and Coh-Metrix Text Common Core Ease and Readability Assessor (Coh-Metrix-TERA; Graesser et al., 201). Genres were coded as narrative texts and expository texts, and question types were classified into literal questions and inferential questions. Explanatory item response models (EIRM) treated both reader characteristics and test properties as random variables. Results indicated in both GMRT-4 and WIAT-III, fluency and vocabulary were the most crucial reader characteristics over other reading skills. For GMRT-4, lower mean sentence length, higher referential cohesion, and higher deep cohesion made the passage easier to understand, and expository texts were more difficult than narrative texts. For WIAT-III, inferential questions were more challenging than literal questions. Three significant reader-test interactions were found in GMRT-4 between vocabulary and referential cohesion, vocabulary and word frequency, and referential cohesion and question type. Higher-level vocabulary students had better comprehension performance in passages with low referential cohesion and high word frequency in GMRT-4. Literal questions were easier than inferential questions for low referential cohesion texts, but the result was reversed for high referential cohesion texts. Through this study, fourth graders’ reading performance in the two standardized tests was better understood, and limitations and implications for practice and future research were discussed.Ph.D
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