1,721,034 research outputs found
Production of hydrogen – rich gas by biomass gasification: application to small scale, fuel cell electricity generation in rural areas
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Gasification of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor: the influence of temperature and biomass particle size
No full textFluidizzazione di catalizzatori da cracking ad elevata temperatura: comportamento fluidodinamico
No full textMethanol production by CO 2 hydrogenation: Analysis and simulation of reactor performance
No full textMethanol is a very valuable chemical with a variety of uses, either as a fuel or as building block for the synthesis of other chemicals. In the last years, interest was growing in the production of methanol from CO 2 , based on the so called “Power-to-Fuel” concept. In this research, an equilibrium analysis of a methanol reactor with pure CO 2 and H 2 in the feeding stream was developed. Three novel reactor configurations at equilibrium conditions were considered: once-through reactor, reactor with recycle of unconverted gases after separation of methanol and water by condensation; reactor equipped with membrane permeable to water. An additional important feature of this work was the development of a methodology that assists in comparison of different process schemes by simulation of two different methanol plants configurations in ChemCad ® . An adiabatic kinetic reactor with recycle of unconverted gases was considered and simulated in Aspen Plus ® , while the performance of a methanol reactor with heat exchange at the pipe wall was simulated in MATLAB. Results show that at equilibrium conditions a reactor with the recycle of unconverted gases ensures the highest CO 2 conversion: 69% at 473 K and 55 bar. In addition, the use of pure CO 2 and H 2 in the feeding stream allows an overall reaction enthalpy change lower than that obtained by the use of syngas in the feed. The kinetic simulation of the methanol reactor in MATLAB showed that axial dispersion phenomena are negligible and the effect of the global heat exchange coefficient on reactor performance is less important than the effect of isothermal heat exchange fluid temperature
An outlook towards 2030: Optimization and design of a CCUS supply chain in Germany
No full textA mathematical model for the optimal design of a supply chain for carbon capture, utilization and storage is developed. Carbon dioxide may be stored and/or utilized to produce methanol via methane dry reforming. The Mixed Integer Linear Program model is developed for ten major carbon dioxide emission sources in Germany. Three different cases are considered, according to hydrogen production route required to correct the syngas composition: hydrogen by external reforming, hydrogen by external water electrolysis, hydrogen by internal steam reforming. Results show that absorption is the preferred capture solutions at high flue gas flow rate. Results also show that the best option is providing hydrogen by water electrolysis, because a higher amount of carbon dioxide is used to produce the same amount of methanol with lower environmental impact. The proposed network produces 203 Mton/year of methanol, then Germany would be able to satisfy the world methanol demand in the next years. Carbon tax and economic incentives are required to reduce the methanol production cost to 340 €/ton: only in this case the process is economically feasible
Multi-objective optimization of CCUS supply chains for European countries with higher carbon dioxide emissions
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