291 research outputs found
Residential child care in Scotland : themes for practice since Another Kind of Home
No full textIn this very personal account, Angus Skinner, former Chief Social Work Adviser to Scottish Ministers, and author of Another Kind of Home (1992), a review of residential child care in Scotland, considers enduring themes for practice and leadership. Along with good communication, good education, and training for staff and managers, he concludes that state care needs to develop the capacities to love and be loved
New insights into the infection process of Rhynchosporium secalis in barley using GFP
No full textThrough the use of a Rhynchosporium secalis isolate transformed with the green fluorescent protein gene and LASER scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), fungal development during the R. secalis/barley interaction was analysed. Each infection stage was investigated from 0.5h to 14 days post-inoculation (p.i.) with extensive sampling within the first 48 h p.i. Early germination events were observed that had not been previously described. A specific time of germination was noted, with germ tube formation appearing as early as 1h p.i. Conidia were observed within anticlinal grooves of epidermal cells and the formation of bubbles within these pectin-rich regions was observed within 24h p.i. The study reports R. secalis pectinase production and suggests degradation of these pectin-rich regions. Reactive oxygen species were present during early penetration, 3h p.i. and co-localised with fungal development. LSCM allowed the visualisation of fungal growth deep within tissues at the later stage of the infection.Katherine J. Linsell, Felicity J. Keiper, Angus Forgan and Klaus H. Oldachhttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/622835/description#descriptio
Comparative genome analysis of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strain
No full textArticle first published online: 5 SEP 2008Many industrial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been selected primarily for their ability to convert sugars into ethanol efficiently despite exposure to a variety of stresses. To begin investigation of the genetic basis of phenotypic variation in industrial strains of S. cerevisiae, we have sequenced the genome of a wine yeast, AWRI1631, and have compared this sequence with both the laboratory strain S288c and the human pathogenic isolate YJM789. AWRI1631 was found to be substantially different from S288c and YJM789, especially at the level of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which were present, on average, every 150 bp between all three strains. In addition, there were major differences in the arrangement and number of Ty elements between the strains, as well as several regions of DNA that were specific to AWRI1631 and that were predicted to encode proteins that are unique to this industrial strain.Anthony R. Borneman, Angus H. Forgan, Isak S. Pretorius and Paul J. Chamber
The genome sequence of the wine yeast VIN7 reveals an allotriploid hybrid genome with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii origins
No full textThe vast majority of wine fermentations are performed principally by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, there are a growing number of instances in which other species of Saccharomyces play a predominant role. Interestingly, the presence of these other yeast species generally occurs via the formation of interspecific hybrids that contain genomic contributions from both S. cerevisiae and non-S. cerevisiae species. However, despite the large number of wine strains that are characterized at the genomic level, there remains limited information regarding the detailed genomic structure of hybrids used in winemaking. To address this, we describe the genome sequence of the thiol-releasing commercial wine yeast hybrid VIN7. VIN7 is shown to be an almost complete allotriploid interspecific hybrid that is comprised of a heterozygous diploid complement of S. cerevisiae chromosomes and a haploid Saccharomyces kudriavzevii genomic contribution. Both parental strains appear to be of European origin, with the S. cerevisiae parent being closely related to, but distinct from, the commercial wine yeasts QA23 and EC1118. In addition, several instances of chromosomal rearrangement between S. cerevisiae and S. kudriavzevii sequences were observed that may mark the early stages of hybrid genome consolidation.Anthony R. Borneman, Brian A. Desany, David Riches, Jason P. Affourtit, Angus H. Forgan, Isak S. Pretorius, Michael Egholm & Paul J. Chamber
Whole genome comparison reveals high levels of inbreeding and strain redundancy across the spectrum of commercial wine strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
No full textPublished Early Online February 11, 2016.Humans have been consuming wines for more than 7000 yr . For most of this time, fermentations were presumably performed by strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that naturally found their way into the fermenting must . In contrast, most commercial wines are now produced by inoculation with pure yeast monocultures, ensuring consistent, reliable and reproducible fermentations, and there are now hundreds of these yeast starter cultures commercially available. In order to thoroughly investigate the genetic diversity that has been captured by over 50 yr of commercial wine yeast development and domestication, whole genome sequencing has been performed on 212 strains of S. cerevisiae, including 119 commercial wine and brewing starter strains, and wine isolates from across seven decades. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that, despite their large numbers, commercial strains, and wine strains in general, are extremely similar genetically, possessing all of the hallmarks of a population bottle-neck, and high levels of inbreeding. In addition, many commercial strains from multiple suppliers are nearly genetically identical, suggesting that the limits of effective genetic variation within this genetically narrow group may be approaching saturation.Anthony R. Borneman, Angus H. Forgan, Radka Kolouchova, James A. Fraser, and Simon A. Schmid
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4-H beef project [1993]
No full textFacts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalogThis publication is adapted from 4-H Beef Project, originally prepared by Dean Frischknecht, Extension animal scientist emeritus; Guy Reynolds, Extension veterinarian emeritus; and Duane P. Johnson, Extension specialist, 4-H and Youth Development.
Portions of the fitting and showing section are reproduced with the permission of the Angus Joumai, 3201 Frederick, St. Joseph, Missouri, 64501.
Portions of the "Career Opportunity" section and the "Environment and Resource Use" section are adapted from the Wyoming 4-H Beef Manual, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming; Dr. Doug Hixon, author.
Portions of "Beef—a Food Product" are adapted from the Kansas 4-H Beef Curriculum, Cooperative Extension Service, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Jason K. Apple, author.
References to the publication. Cattle Producer's Library, can be found in your Extension office under the title Cow-Calf Management Guide—Cattle Producer's Library, Moscow: University of Idaho, Cooperative Extension Service.
Illustrations in the equipment and facilities section are reproduced with permission from Midwest Plan Service, Ames, Iowa 50011-3080, Beef Housing and Equipment Handbook, MWPS 6, 4th edition. 1987
Competing models of socially constructed economic man : differentiating Defoe's Crusoe from the Robinson of neoclassical economics
No full textDaniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe has seldom been read as an explicitly political text. When it has, it appears that the central character was designed to warn the early eighteenth-century reader against political challenges to the existing economic order. Insofar as Defoe’s Crusoe stands for "economic man", he is a reflection of historically-produced assumptions about the need for social conformity, not the embodiment of any genuinely essential economic characteristics. This insight is used to compare Defoe’s conception of economic man with that of the neoclassical Robinson Crusoe economy. On the most important of the ostensibly generic principles espoused by neoclassical theorists, their "Robinson" has no parallels with Defoe’s Crusoe. Despite the shared name, two quite distinct social constructions serve two equally distinct pedagogical purposes. Defoe’s Crusoe extols the virtues of passive middle-class sobriety for effective social organisation; the neoclassical Robinson champions the establishment of markets for the sake of productive efficiency
Whole genome comparison reveals high levels of inbreeding and strain redundancy across the spectrum of commercial wine strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
No full textHumans have been consuming wines for more than 7000\ua0yr . For most of this time, fermentations were presumably performed by strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that naturally found their way into the fermenting must . In contrast, most commercial wines are now produced by inoculation with pure yeast monocultures, ensuring consistent, reliable and reproducible fermentations, and there are now hundreds of these yeast starter cultures commercially available. In order to thoroughly investigate the genetic diversity that has been captured by over 50\ua0yr of commercial wine yeast development and domestication, whole genome sequencing has been performed on 212 strains of S. cerevisiae, including 119 commercial wine and brewing starter strains, and wine isolates from across seven decades. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that, despite their large numbers, commercial strains, and wine strains in general, are extremely similar genetically, possessing all of the hallmarks of a population bottle-neck, and high levels of inbreeding. In addition, many commercial strains from multiple suppliers are nearly genetically identical, suggesting that the limits of effective genetic variation within this genetically narrow group may be approaching saturation
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