5,674 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
No full textThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
Bellman-Ford is optimal for shortest hop-bounded paths
No full textThis paper is about the problem of finding a shortest - path using at
most edges in edge-weighted graphs. The Bellman--Ford algorithm solves this
problem in time, where is the number of edges. We show that this
running time is optimal, up to subpolynomial factors, under popular
fine-grained complexity assumptions.
More specifically, we show that under the APSP Hypothesis the problem cannot
be solved faster already in undirected graphs with non-negative edge weights.
This lower bound holds even restricted to graphs of arbitrary density and for
arbitrary . Moreover, under a stronger assumption, namely
the Min-Plus Convolution Hypothesis, we can eliminate the restriction . In other words, the bound is tight for the entire space
of parameters , , and , where is the number of nodes.
Our lower bounds can be contrasted with the recent near-linear time algorithm
for the negative-weight Single-Source Shortest Paths problem, which is the
textbook application of the Bellman--Ford algorithm
The dramaturgy of the tragedies of John Webster and John Ford with special reference to their use of stage imagery.
No full textPhDThe imagery of the plays of John Webster and John
Ford is not only verbal: in staging as well as language
these dramas display strongly imagistic, symbolic elements.
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the seven extant
tragedies of Webster and Ford from the point of view of
their total dramatic nature - to examine the staging,
costumes, hand and large properties, movement and gestures
as well as the verbal imagery, and the interplay of these
verbal and visual elements. The original appearance, of
these plays in their contemporary theatre, and the
dramatist's intentions for performance, can only be surmised.
The original stage directions are examined for
hints of the original presentation: these stage directions
may not always be authorial, but, especially in the case of
Ford, they seem to reveal the playwright's hand. The dialogue,
too, frequently implies particular gestures,
grouping or stage placement.
The visual imagery, it is here suggested, is created
by the dramatist for several purposes: a moral or ironical
point may be silently established; a chain of related
visual motifs may bind various actions and characters into
an organic union; a visualization may appeal outward to
other works of art or theatrical or non-dramatic conventions,
enlarging the immediate significance by this shorthand
reference; visual ceremonies may make concrete the more
ephemeral words and feelings of the characters.
Each of the tragedies is studied in a separate chapter,
in the following order: Webster's The White Devil, The
Duchess of Malfi, and Appius and Virginia (the authorship
of which is disputed); John Ford's The Broken Heart,
Love's Sacrifice, 'Tis Pity She's a Whore, and Perkin
Warbeck. A conclusion indicates the differences between
Webster's more overtly theatrical visualizations and Ford's
quiet tableaux.
The thesis is accompanied by illustrations which are
either explanatory or comparative
The relationship between Ford, Kipling, Conan Doyle, Wells and British propaganda of the First World War
No full textPhDThis thesis resituates the war-writing of Ford Madox Ford, Rudyard Kipling, Arthur
Conan Doyle and H.G. Wells in relation to official British propaganda
produced during the First World War. Examining these authors' institutional
connections with propaganda that was authorised by the British government locates
some of their texts within a network of materials that were deployed to justify
Britain's involvenlent in the war. The British government, via the War Propaganda
Bureau, approached major literary figures to assist in its plan to compete
vigorously with Germany to win American support. Positioning Ford's condemnation
of Prussian culture within this institutional context reveals that his officially
commissioned books functioned as a part of the larger yet-covert government
project to influence American intellectual opinion. Although wary that Kipling's
chauvinism might offend some readers, the British government reprinted and
distributed his denunciations of the 'Hun'. Kipling was given access to censored
letters from Indian soldiers in order to assist him in depicting the Imperial forces as
united. The result, The Eyes of Asia (1918), was a set of fictional texts by Indian
soldiers celebrating French and English civilisation in contrast to German barbarism.
In addition to official propaganda, these authors produced pro-war stories, poems, and
articles independent of direct government commission. Conan Doyle's formal call for
men to volunteer to defend their country, and his public denunciations of German
atrocities, were followed by his recruitment of Sherlock Holmes to repel a possible
German invasion ("His Last Bow" (1917)). Adding to his support for the war in his
journalism and war-time fiction, Wells was appointed the Head of Enemy Propaganda
for the newly formed Ministry of Information. He resigned almost immediately
following disagreements over government strategy. This project situates historically
and examines critically these authors' differing roles in relation to British propaganda
efforts during the First World War
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Dissolving the Chimera of the ‘Adam Smith Problem’
No full textIn The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith set out his influential theory that societies achieve prosperity by securing the freedom of individuals to pursue their own end by the means they choose within a framework of rules of justice. In his earlier work The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Smith developed his thesis about the origins of our moral sentiments and the emergence of rules of justice. The socalled ‘Adam Smith Problem’ concerns the perceived inconsistency between Smith’s defence of selfinterest in the Wealth of Nations and his emphasis of sympathy as the origin of moral sentiments in the earlier work. The existence of the ‘Adam Smith Problem’ has been contested by many writers. The present author provides a number of new arguments to demonstrate the illusory nature of the problem by revisiting the key elements Smith’s moral theory. The author argues that the problem dissolves when the role of justice in providing the conditions of free trade is understood. Smith’s tirade against wealth worship is explained as part of his defence of justice and not a condemnation of wealth accumulation. According to this reading, the Theory of Moral Sentiments is a powerful statement of the moral basis of capitalism.
X3D_model
No full textTitle: Zang tumb tuuum
Author: Marinetti, F. T. (1876-1944)
Date: 1914
Dimensions: 225 page portfolio
Details: Original printed orange wrappers; in cloth case. Inscribed by the author on front fly-leaf.
Link to catalog record
This model was created with Agisoft Metashape from 144 images captured by Harvard Library Imaging Services, Widener Library using a Nikon D810 and Zeiss 100mm lens at f/16, 1/60sec
Interrogating the technical, economic and cultural challenges of delivering the PassivHaus standard in the UK
No full textA peer-reviewed eBook, which is based on a collaborative research project coordinated by Dr. Henrik Schoenefeldt at the Centre for Architecture and Sustainable Environment at the University of Kent between May 2013 and June 2014. This project investigated how architectural practice and the building industry are adapting in order to successfully deliver Passivhaus standard buildings in the UK. Through detailed case studies the project explored the learning process underlying the delivery of fourteen buildings, certified between 2009 and 2013.
Largely founded on the study of the original project correspondence and semi-structured interviews with clients, architects, town planners, contractors and manufacturers, these case studies have illuminated the more immediate technical as well as the broader cultural challenges. The peer-reviewers of this book stressed that the findings included in the book are valuable to students, practitioners and academic researchers in the field of low-energy design. It was launched during the PassivHaus Project Conference, held at the Bulb Innovation Centre on the 27th June 2014
DS_10.1177_0363546518788343 – Supplemental material for Age-Dependent Patellofemoral Pain: Hip and Knee Risk Landing Profiles in Prepubescent and Postpubescent Female Athletes
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1177_0363546518788343 for Age-Dependent Patellofemoral Pain: Hip and Knee Risk Landing Profiles in Prepubescent and Postpubescent Female Athletes by Ryan T. Galloway, Yingying Xu, Timothy E. Hewett, Kim Barber Foss, Adam W. Kiefer, Christopher A. DiCesare, Robert A. Magnussen, Jane Khoury, Kevin R. Ford, Jed A. Diekfuss, Dustin Grooms, Gregory D. Myer and Alicia M. Montalvo in The American Journal of Sports Medicine</p
Epigenetic and Transcriptional Dysregulation in T cells of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
No full textRationale: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is linked to genetic and environmental risk factors. The effect of these factors on molecular and transcriptional events is not well understood. Immunologically, AD involves skin barrier defects and CD4+ T cells that produce inflammatory cytokines and amplify epidermal dysfunction Our objective was to investigate epigenetic mechanisms that may account for genetic susceptibility in CD4+ T cells.
Methods: We measured chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq), NFKB1 binding (ChIP-seq), and gene expression (RNA-seq) in anti-CD3/CD28 stimulated CD4+ T cells from 6 subjects with active moderate-to-severe AD and 6 age-matched non-allergic controls.
Results: AD genetic risk loci were enriched for open chromatin regions in stimulated CD4+ T cells. The majority of ATAC-seq peaks were shared between matched AD-control pairs, consistent with those sections of chromatin being equally available. In contrast, NFKB DNA binding motifs were enriched in AD-dependent open chromatin. NFKB1 ChIP-seq identified genomic regions that were more strongly bound in AD cases, more strongly bound in controls, or shared between cases and controls. Chromatin that was strongly accessible and bound by NFKB1 in AD was enriched for AD genetic risk variants. Using whole genome sequencing data, we identified genotype-dependent accessible chromatin at AD risk loci corresponding to 32 genes with genotype-dependent expression in stimulated CD4+ T cells.
Conclusions: The response of CD4+ T cells to stimulation is AD-specific and results in differential chromatin accessibility and transcription factor binding. These differences in transcriptional regulation result in epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulation in CD4+ T cells of patients with AD
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