1,354,435 research outputs found
Interview with NASA astronaut Michael Foale
No full textNo one has had a NASA career quite like Dr. Michael Foale. Across six flights, he was part of three Shuttle science missions, a flight to the Hubble Space Telescope, a long duration stay on Mir that was infamous for the crash that almost killed him and his crewmates, and the Commander of a long duration stay on an early International Space Station mission. Having such a diverse range of flights, he was the first NASA astronaut to accumulate a year in space and later became Assistant Deputy Director of NASA’s Johnson Space Center
The Unequal Place of Anthropology in Cross‑Disciplinary Research on Environmental Management in the Pacific and What to Do About It
No full textAs someone with undergraduate training in marine science, but whose core intellectual interests in the relationship between environmental knowledge and marine resource management have pulled me towards anthropology over three or so decades now, I have become frustrated by anthropology’s marginalisation in interdisciplinary research on environmental problems. My collaborations with Martha Macintyre, commencing with my PhD research in the mid-1990s, convinced me of the power of ethnographic insights to illuminate fundamental social, cultural and political dimensions of environmental challenges. Simultaneously, our collaboration fired an interest in political ecology that has since expanded considerably. My work with World Wildlife Fund in the Solomon Islands (1999–2001) sharpened my focus on the extent to which environmental science (particularly the sub-discipline of conservation biology) is not only concerningly steeped in and shaped by ideology, but also routinely and wantonly oblivious to unequal power/knowledge relations (Clifton & Foale, 2017; Foale & Macintyre, 2005; Foale, Dyer & Kinch, 2016). Subsequent academic positions with anthropologists (The Australian National University), then biologists (James Cook University [JCU]) and anthropologists again (JCU post-2012) have only increased my alarm at the undeserved hegemony of natural scientists within cross-disciplinary projects. Too often, natural scientists reinvent an ‘anti-politics machine’ (Ferguson, 1990) of reductionist, managerial and deeply neo-colonial ‘social science’ that studiously ignores much of what anthropology has contributed, and can continue to contribute, to increasingly pressing environmental problems in the Pacific and beyond. This chapter explores the simultaneous appropriation and dumbing-down of social research by contemporary natural scientists, primarily through politically disengaged and often transparently scientistic approaches, which are greatly aided and abetted by the ‘metric fixation’ (Muller, 2018) of modern universities. I conclude that the only way to combat these politics is through greater collaboration within anthropology and a more strategic approach to publishing, research funding applications and communicating our knowledge to audiences outside the academy
Postgraduate student Simon Foale with his exhibition of marine life
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/291911Postgraduate student Simon Foale with his exhibition of marine life. 25 Mar 1994326576
Item: [2003.0003.08976] "Postgraduate student Simon Foale with his exhibition of marine life
Trichobezoar Obstruction after Stapled Jejunal Anastomosis in a Dog
No full textObjective-To describe an unusual long-term complication of circular end-to-end anastomosis (CEEA) stapling in a dog. Study Design-Clinical case report. Animal-An 11-year-old, female neutered, Labrador Retriever. Methods-The dog was referred for clinical signs of bowel obstruction. An enterectomy was performed 2 years before presentation using a CEEA stapling device. Palpation, plain radiographs, and ultrasound of the abdomen confirmed the presence of a mass in the bowel, causing obstruction, and requiring surgical approach. Results-An exploratory celiotomy revealed a 5 cm mass in the jejunum, involving the site of the previous surgery. The mass was removed by enterectomy. Dissection of the mass revealed the presence of many staples at the previous enterectomy site, and a trichobezoar entangled in the exposed parts of the staples. Conclusions-An enterectomy was required to treat an intestinal obstruction caused by a trichobezoar entangled in a CEEA-stapled anastomosis. Clinical Relevance-Development of trichobezoar and subsequent bowel obstruction should be considered an unusual but potential long-term complication of CEEA-stapled anastomosis. (C) Copyright 2009 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeon
Interview with NASA Astronaut Michael Foale
No full textNo one has had a NASA career quite like Dr. Michael Foale. Across six flights, he was part of three Shuttle science missions, a flight to the Hubble Space Telescope, a long duration stay on Mir that was infamous for the crash that almost killed him and his crewmates, and the Commander of a long duration stay on an early International Space Station mission. Having such
a diverse range of flights, he was the first NASA astronaut to accumulate a year in space and later became Assistant Deputy Director of NASA’s Johnson Space Center
Conserving Melanesia’s coral reef heritage in the face of climate change
No full textIn this article I use the lens of natural heritage to examine the nexus between Western and Melanesian ways of
conceptualising and valuing coral reefs. I discuss the impacts of various pressures, including rising sea temperatures, on the ecological functioning of coral reefs and their ability to deliver ecosystem services, primarily fisheries, to the people who own and depend on them. I argue that while demand from Chinese markets has led to over-harvesting of a number of artisanal fisheries, the impact of subsistence fishing is still limited by relatively low human population densities. Escalating pressure on sharks (for their fins) looks likely to seriously damage shark populations in the near future. Despite these threats the ecological resilience of most Melanesian reefs, with localised exceptions, does not appear to be seriously threatened at present. However projected increases in the severity and frequency of coral bleaching, along with increasing subsistence and artisanal fishing pressures are likely to lead to significant and possibly irreversible degradation of reefs in the region
before long, unless more culturally enlightened approaches to marine resource management and economic development are
embraced by aid donors and non-government organisations
"Fish and people": an innovative fisheries science learning tool for the Pacific
No full text[Note from the Editor] In the third article, “Fish and People: An innovative fisheries science learning tool for the Pacific”, Dr Simon Foale of the Department of Anthropology, Archaeology and Sociology at James Cook University, in Townsville, Australia describes a new fisheries science education DVD targeted mainly at high school students in Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea. However, it is already proving popular with a much broader range of audiences in Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea, and in far-off Kenya. The tool is constructed around a series of interviews with Solomon Islanders (fishers, scientists, non-governmental organization workers, government officials and teachers), each of whom delivers a key part of the message, in language and context of immediate relevance for the target audience
Growing Chinese dominance of the bêche-de-mer trade: A Papua New Guinean resource sector characterised by paradox
No full textThe export commodity market for bêche-de-mer in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is unique and fascinating. Bêche-de-mer is the cooked, gutted and dried body wall of sea cucumbers. There are over 25 species of sea cucumbers that are processed into bêche-de-mer in PNG, most of which can be hand collected without scuba or compressors (though these can make it easier to harvest some species). The market price varies significantly among species, with three species typically fetching prices above K200/kg if properly processed. It costs relatively little to produce and can be easily stored. Once dried, bêche-de-mer can remain in good condition without refrigeration for months while awaiting suitable transport to take it to market, which makes it a particularly suitable commodity for producers in remote locations such as small islands where transport is infrequent. The equipment required to harvest and process sea cucumbers is relatively simple (the freshly harvested sea cucumber must be boiled, gutted and dried, either by sun or over a low fire) and within financial reach of most rural coastal and island people in PNG. As such, it represents one of the most evenly distributed sources of substantial income for these rural coastal and island people. While the benefit can be distributed relatively evenly in space, it has mostly been sporadically distributed over time as sea cucumber fisheries are prone to series of ‘boom and bust’ cycles, which have been the topic of commentary in fisheries management circles for many years (Hair et al., 2016; Kinch et al., 2008; Preston, 1993). This has significant implications for the various economic, social and cultural impacts of the fishery. For example, when coastal families derive substantial pulses of income from the sale of a large quantity of bêche-de-mer, they may significantly reduce labour inputs to subsistence gardens because they can buy imported foods such as rice and flour (Foale, 2005; Hair et al., 2019). The risk of loss of traditional agricultural knowledge as a result is real and could potentially impact on food security over the long term (Kinch, 2020; Macintyre & Foale, 2010; Macintyre & Foale, 2013)
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