16 research outputs found
Assessing Genetic Variation and Relationships among a Mini Core Germplasm of Sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i> L.) Using Biochemical and RAPD Markers
No full textAnalysis of a Mini Core of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Accessions Based on Seed Morphometric Data
No full textSeed morphometric parameters (seed area, length, diameter, circumference, roundness and aspect ratio) of 15 accessions were analysed. Measurements on seeds were taken with help of a Computer- Camera system. Variation among accessions and genetic relationships were estimated. Great variability was observed for all parameters studied. ¶High positive or negative correlation (r=0.726-0.963) was showed by Pearson’s correlation analysis for the seed metric data of the 15 accessions. The cluster analysis revealed that the 15 accessions could be grouped into three to five clusters according to the methods (Single or Complete Linkage) used. The principal components analysis showed that the first two components accounted for 99.3% of the variability. Morphometric characterization of seeds is rapid, reproducible, reliable and cost effective. This technique of digital imaging is strongly recommended for researchers from developing country like Benin, because of its efficiency.</jats:p
Assessment of production and marketing constraints and value chain of sweet potato in the municipalities of Dangbo and Bonou
No full textVariation climatique et production vivrière au Sud-Bénin : cas de la commune de Bohicon
No full textInternational audienceThis study aims to analyze the impacts of climate change on food production in the municipality of Bohicon. This study looked at maize, sorghum and soybean crops. The analyzes are based on climatological data for the period 1995-2015 and on statistics of area and production yield of selected crops over the same period. Food production mainly of rainfed type has experienced a gradual fall in yields and production volume in recent years. The results of analyzes reveal that the rainfall regime of the commune of Bohicon is bimodal with two rainy seasons (April to June and September to November) and two dry seasons (July to August and December to March). The evolution of rainfall over the period from 1995 to 2015 is irregular and the average temperature is increasing year by year. Although corn is heavily dependent on climatic factors, this is not the case for sorghum and soybean crops. The results of this study indicate that soybean and sorghum crops are less dependent on climate hazards than corn in this commune. For this reason, the maize growers of Bohicon very often indulge in either an intensification of the use of chemical fertilizers, an extension of cultivated land, or a readjustment of the agricultural calendar. It is therefore imperative to orient the dynamics in the direction of the adoption of new resistant and short cycle varieties in order to guarantee household food security and secure their income.La présente étude vise à analyser les impacts de la variation climatique sur la production vivrière dans la commune de Bohicon. Cette étude s'est intéressée aux cultures du maïs, du sorgho et du soja. Les analyses reposent sur des données climatologiques de la période 1995-2015 et sur des statistiques de superficie et du rendement de la production des spéculations sélectionnées sur la même période. La production vivrière principalement de type pluvial a connu une chute progressive des rendements et du volume de production ces dernières années. Les résultats d'analyses révèlent que le régime pluviométrique de la commune de Bohicon est bimodal avec deux saisons de pluie (avril à juin et septembre à novembre) et deux saisons sèches (juillet à août et décembre à mars). L'évolution de la pluviométrie sur la période allant de 1995 à 2015 est irrégulière puis la température moyenne connait une hausse d'année en année. Bien que la culture de maïs soit fortement assujettie aux facteurs climatiques, il n'en n'est pas de même pour les cultures du sorgho et du soja. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent que les cultures de soja et de sorgho sont moins dépendantes aux aléas climatiques que celle du maïs dans cette commune. Pour ce fait, les maïsiculteurs de Bohicon s'adonnent très souvent soit à une intensification de l'utilisation des engrais chimiques, à une extension des terres cultivées, ou à un réajustement du calendrier agricole. Il s'avère donc impérieux d'orienter les dynamiques dans le sens de l'adoption de nouvelles variétés résistantes et à cycle court afin de garantir la sécurité alimentaire des ménages et de sécuriser leur revenu
Assessment of production and marketing constraints and value chain of sweet potato in the municipalities of Dangbo and Bonou
No full textAbstract Background Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] plays an important role in ensuring food security and incomes for local communities. It is particularly grown in southern region of Benin, and its production over the last few years has declined due to disease and severe pest infestation. Therefore, it was imperative to carry out this study to identify the main constraints related to the recent decline in sweet production and more specifically analyzing the production and marketing constraints of sweet potato in the townships of Dangbo and Bonou. Results The results of the survey revealed that many varieties of sweet potato were grown, mainly “Vobodouaho” (local name in Goun language), the most preferred variety by producers. Weedicides and insecticides were used to control weeds and insect pests, respectively. There was no efficient control methods against black rot, Alternaria blight, cylas spp., and caterpillar among the pathogens and insects that damaged sweet potato production in the study areas. The main constraints reducing sweet potato production in the townships of Dangbo and Bonou are: lack of adequate methods for controlling pest and diseases, lack of financial resources due to no access to credit, absence of modern equipment, scarcity and high cost of labor and absence of best methods for long-term storage. The average yield of sweet production per hectare ranged from 6.5 to 15.1 tons fresh matter/ha. The market value of sweet potato is still low at farmers’ level when compared to that of other stakeholders along the value chain. Conclusion This study calls for the attention of public and private sectors and policy makers for more investment in sweet potato research. Avenues for further research on sweet potato have also been suggested
Ethnobotany and Preliminary Characterization of Traditional Cotton (Gossypium spp.) in Benin
No full textDo Ralstonia solanacearum-Resistant Tomato Varieties Withstand Root-Knot Nematodes? A Greenhouse Evaluation of Meloidogyne enterolobii Impact
No full textRoot-knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii, is an emerging threat to tomato production due to its wide host range and ability to overcome existing resistance. This study evaluated whether tomato varieties resistant or susceptible to Ralstonia solanacearum also exhibit resistance to M. enterolobii. Twelve tomato genotypes, AVTO 1955-15, CLN 2498D, CLN 4018G, CLN 4270F, Padma 108 F1, F1 Cobra 26, F1 Thorgal, F1 Mongal, Petomech +, Tropimech, Akikonkouin and Tounvi, were screened under greenhouse conditions by inoculating each plant with 1,000 second-stage juveniles (J2) and eggs of M. enterolobii in the first experiment and 1,500 nematodes in the repeat experiment. Both experiments were laid out in completely randomized design with five replicates. Nematode reproduction factor (RF), galling index (GI), plant growth parameters, and physiological traits such as chlorophyll content and photochemical yield (Fv/Fm) were assessed. At harvest, the GI values ranged from 4.0 to 7.8 and RF values > 2. This suggests that all varieties were susceptible to M. enterolobii under tested conditions, although F1 Cobra 26 and CLN 4018G showed relatively lower nematode reproduction and root galling. Nematode infection significantly reduced plant growth and photosynthetic efficiency. These findings highlight the need for integrated nematode management and support the inclusion of nematode resistance screening in tomato breeding programs, particularly for dual-pathogen environments
Crossing possibility for breeding promising orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes in Benin
No full textOrange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) is a sustainable and inexpensive source of vitamin A that contributes to food and nutritional security in developing countries. Its adoption is low due to unconformity of the variety with community food culture, limited cultivar selection and breeding studies. The current study aimed at breeding of promising OFSP genotypes in Benin using three parental lines. Two hundred and seventy-four seeds and one hundred and six genotypes were obtained through biparental crosses of Tio-joe (imported orange-fleshed variety), Vobodouaho (local white-fleshed variety) and ACAB220 (local orange-fleshed variety). The phenotypic diversity of genotypes was assessed using 10 leaf characters and storage root flesh colour through multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. The results indicated cross-compatibility between Tio-joe and ACAB220 when ACAB220 was used as female. Reciprocal cross-compatibility was found between ACAB220 and Vobodouaho. The genotypes could be separated into two main populations and classified into five cluster groups. Promising intermediate and pale orange genotypes were obtained indicating possibilities to incorporate beta-carotene into the white background of the Vobodouaho variety through further backcrossing
Adaptability and Stability of Six Cotton Genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Three Cotton Growing Regions of Benin
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