63 research outputs found
MicroWeaR
No full textMicroWeaR is a package to examine and score microwear scars in a semi-automatic way
</p
Raia Divisória ou Raia Socioambiental?: uma redefinição baseada na análise da paisagem através do sistema GTP
No full textDividing or social environmental 'borderland' ('raia')? This question appears from my concern around the conceptual definition of the contact zone established by the territories of the extreme southwest of 'São Paulo' state, northwest of 'Paraná' state, and southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state. The 'São Paulo-Paraná-Mato Grosso do Sul' 'borderland' ('raia'), already was target of the several approaches, from the climatology to the geography of agricultural spaces. The 'Dividing borderland' idea was developed by Passos (2005, 2006, 2007), where this author defined 'Dividing borderland' as a intergradation area where the geographical processes are manifested according a logical objective discontinuity of the landscape, in a context of relative physiognomic homogeneity - geological substratum, relief, soil and vegetation. The occupation of the territory occurred differently among southwest of 'São Paulo' state, northwest of 'Paraná' state and southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state, after the first decades of the twentieth century. In the southwest of 'São Paulo' state, the occupation of the territory was motivated by coffee plantation and railroad spread; illegal appropriation of forest reserves and aggressive deforestation. The northwest of 'Paraná' state was contemplated by a modern colonization conception, whose rural lots subdivision happened to flowing the economy. In the southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state there was a capitalization spread, observed mainly in the neighboring areas and previous occupation areas...Raia Divisória ou Raia Socioambiental? é um questionamento que se deu a partir da minha inquietação sobre a definição conceitual da zona de contato constituída pelos territórios do extremo Sudoeste paulista, Noroeste paranaense e Sudeste sul-mato-grossense. A Raia São Paulo-Paraná-Mato Grosso do Sul foi foco de abordagens diversas, desde a climatologia à geografia dos espaços agrários. A ideia de Raia Divisória foi desenvolvida por Passos (2005, 2006, 2007), que a definiu como área de intergradação onde os processos geográficos se manifestaram conforme uma lógica de descontinuidade objetiva da paisagem em um contexto de relativa homogeneidade fisionômica - substrato geológico, relevo, solo e vegetação. A ocupação dos territórios ocorreu de modo distinto após as primeiras décadas do século XX. No Sudoeste paulista, foi motivada pelo avanço do café e da ferrovia; apropriação ilegal de reservas florestais e desmatamentos agressivos. O Noroeste paranaense, por sua vez, foi contemplado com uma concepção moderna de colonização, cujo parcelamento dos lotes rurais foi realizado para dinamizar a economia. No Sudeste sul-mato-grossense houve a extensão da capitalização observada nas áreas próximas e de ocupação anterior. Nesta tese, parto da hipótese de que a Raia SP-PR-MS não é uma Raia Divisória e sim uma Raia Socioambiental, visto que as divisas estaduais não representam divisores para os elementos da natureza ou para as dinâmicas da sociedade...Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Raia Divisória ou Raia Socioambiental?: uma redefinição baseada na análise da paisagem através do sistema GTP
No full textDividing or social environmental 'borderland' ('raia')? This question appears from my concern around the conceptual definition of the contact zone established by the territories of the extreme southwest of 'São Paulo' state, northwest of 'Paraná' state, and southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state. The 'São Paulo-Paraná-Mato Grosso do Sul' 'borderland' ('raia'), already was target of the several approaches, from the climatology to the geography of agricultural spaces. The 'Dividing borderland' idea was developed by Passos (2005, 2006, 2007), where this author defined 'Dividing borderland' as a intergradation area where the geographical processes are manifested according a logical objective discontinuity of the landscape, in a context of relative physiognomic homogeneity - geological substratum, relief, soil and vegetation. The occupation of the territory occurred differently among southwest of 'São Paulo' state, northwest of 'Paraná' state and southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state, after the first decades of the twentieth century. In the southwest of 'São Paulo' state, the occupation of the territory was motivated by coffee plantation and railroad spread; illegal appropriation of forest reserves and aggressive deforestation. The northwest of 'Paraná' state was contemplated by a modern colonization conception, whose rural lots subdivision happened to flowing the economy. In the southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state there was a capitalization spread, observed mainly in the neighboring areas and previous occupation areas...Raia Divisória ou Raia Socioambiental? é um questionamento que se deu a partir da minha inquietação sobre a definição conceitual da zona de contato constituída pelos territórios do extremo Sudoeste paulista, Noroeste paranaense e Sudeste sul-mato-grossense. A Raia São Paulo-Paraná-Mato Grosso do Sul foi foco de abordagens diversas, desde a climatologia à geografia dos espaços agrários. A ideia de Raia Divisória foi desenvolvida por Passos (2005, 2006, 2007), que a definiu como área de intergradação onde os processos geográficos se manifestaram conforme uma lógica de descontinuidade objetiva da paisagem em um contexto de relativa homogeneidade fisionômica - substrato geológico, relevo, solo e vegetação. A ocupação dos territórios ocorreu de modo distinto após as primeiras décadas do século XX. No Sudoeste paulista, foi motivada pelo avanço do café e da ferrovia; apropriação ilegal de reservas florestais e desmatamentos agressivos. O Noroeste paranaense, por sua vez, foi contemplado com uma concepção moderna de colonização, cujo parcelamento dos lotes rurais foi realizado para dinamizar a economia. No Sudeste sul-mato-grossense houve a extensão da capitalização observada nas áreas próximas e de ocupação anterior. Nesta tese, parto da hipótese de que a Raia SP-PR-MS não é uma Raia Divisória e sim uma Raia Socioambiental, visto que as divisas estaduais não representam divisores para os elementos da natureza ou para as dinâmicas da sociedade...Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Raia Divisória ou Raia Socioambiental?: uma redefinição baseada na análise da paisagem através do sistema GTP
No full textDividing or social environmental 'borderland' ('raia')? This question appears from my concern around the conceptual definition of the contact zone established by the territories of the extreme southwest of 'São Paulo' state, northwest of 'Paraná' state, and southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state. The 'São Paulo-Paraná-Mato Grosso do Sul' 'borderland' ('raia'), already was target of the several approaches, from the climatology to the geography of agricultural spaces. The 'Dividing borderland' idea was developed by Passos (2005, 2006, 2007), where this author defined 'Dividing borderland' as a intergradation area where the geographical processes are manifested according a logical objective discontinuity of the landscape, in a context of relative physiognomic homogeneity - geological substratum, relief, soil and vegetation. The occupation of the territory occurred differently among southwest of 'São Paulo' state, northwest of 'Paraná' state and southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state, after the first decades of the twentieth century. In the southwest of 'São Paulo' state, the occupation of the territory was motivated by coffee plantation and railroad spread; illegal appropriation of forest reserves and aggressive deforestation. The northwest of 'Paraná' state was contemplated by a modern colonization conception, whose rural lots subdivision happened to flowing the economy. In the southeast of 'Mato Grosso do Sul' state there was a capitalization spread, observed mainly in the neighboring areas and previous occupation areas...Raia Divisória ou Raia Socioambiental? é um questionamento que se deu a partir da minha inquietação sobre a definição conceitual da zona de contato constituída pelos territórios do extremo Sudoeste paulista, Noroeste paranaense e Sudeste sul-mato-grossense. A Raia São Paulo-Paraná-Mato Grosso do Sul foi foco de abordagens diversas, desde a climatologia à geografia dos espaços agrários. A ideia de Raia Divisória foi desenvolvida por Passos (2005, 2006, 2007), que a definiu como área de intergradação onde os processos geográficos se manifestaram conforme uma lógica de descontinuidade objetiva da paisagem em um contexto de relativa homogeneidade fisionômica - substrato geológico, relevo, solo e vegetação. A ocupação dos territórios ocorreu de modo distinto após as primeiras décadas do século XX. No Sudoeste paulista, foi motivada pelo avanço do café e da ferrovia; apropriação ilegal de reservas florestais e desmatamentos agressivos. O Noroeste paranaense, por sua vez, foi contemplado com uma concepção moderna de colonização, cujo parcelamento dos lotes rurais foi realizado para dinamizar a economia. No Sudeste sul-mato-grossense houve a extensão da capitalização observada nas áreas próximas e de ocupação anterior. Nesta tese, parto da hipótese de que a Raia SP-PR-MS não é uma Raia Divisória e sim uma Raia Socioambiental, visto que as divisas estaduais não representam divisores para os elementos da natureza ou para as dinâmicas da sociedade...Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Indirect Comparison Between Bimekizumab and Brodalumab for the Management of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis: A 36-Week Real-Life Study
No full textIntroduction: Bimekizumab and brodalumab are characterized by a different mechanism of action if compared to the other anti-interleukin (IL)-17s which target IL-17A. Indeed, brodalumab acts on IL-17RA whereas bimekizumab acts on IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-17AF cytokines. Currently, despite real-life data on the efficacy and safety of bimekizumab and brodalumab have been reported, data comparing these two drugs are absent. However, these data are mandatory to evaluate whether a different target of the same IL can be correlated with a different profile in terms of effectiveness and safety. Moreover, it should be underlined that bimekizumab and brodalumab stood out as the psoriasis treatments with the fastest onset of action, delivering quicker therapeutic responses compared to other drugs acting on IL-17. Methods: A monocentric retrospective study was carried out enrolling patients affected by moderate to severe psoriasis undergoing treatment with brodalumab or bimekizumab. At baseline, clinical demographic details were collected. Clinical improvement [Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), body surface area (BSA)] was collected at weeks 4, 16, and 36. Safety data were analyzed at the same timepoints. Results: A total of 125 patients were enrolled in the study [bimekizumab: 53 (42.40%); brodalumab: 72 (57.6%)]. Psoriasis severity at baseline was similar between the two cohorts. Both PASI and BSA significantly reduced at each follow-up for both treatment cohorts. The bimekizumab group reached a higher percentage of PASI90/PASI100 response at each timepoint as compared to the brodalumab cohort. In particular, the percentage of PASI100 response was significantly higher in the bimekizumab group as compared to the brodalumab cohort at week 4 (41.5% vs 23.6%, p < 0.05) and at week 16 (67.9% vs 48.6%). Discontinuation for ineffectiveness was higher in the brodalumab cohort (8.3%) as compared to the bimekizumab group (3.8%), without statistical significance. As regards safety, two cases of eczematous reactions (bimekizumab: 2, brodalumab: 0), and five cases of candidiasis (bimekizumab: 4, brodalumab: 1) were collected. Overall, 3 (5.7%) and 1 (1.4%) patients discontinued bimekizumab and brodalumab because of adverse events, respectively. Conclusion: Our study confirmed the efficacy and safety of both bimekizumab and brodalumab, up to 36 weeks of treatment. Although both drugs showed a significant improvement of the investigated scores from week 4, some differences in terms of PASI90 and PASI100 responses (higher for bimekizumab at each follow-up, with only PASI100 response significantly higher at week 4 and 16) were registered. No statistical significance was found for safety data and treatment failure
An update on the current and emerging pharmacotherapies for basal cell carcinomas
No full textIntroduction: Despite surgical approach is still the mainstay for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) management, several issues may limit the use of this technique, leading to the need for new treatments to offer patients a personalized approach. Areas covered: A comprehensive review of the available and emerging pharmacologic strategies for BCC management, including mechanisms of action, and potential adverse effects, has been performed to provide with an up-to-date manuscript on the current treatment scenario of BCC. Globally, targeting the Sonic-Hedgehog pathway is one of the main mechanisms of action of currently investigated drugs. Other alternatives are based on the concept of an enhancement of the immune response such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, or intra-tumor treatments. Expert opinion: Although low-risk BCCs are often treated with destructive methods or topical treatments, surgery is the mainstay of treatment for the majority of BCCs. However, several factors may limit the use of surgery in BCC management. Recently, major knowledge on BCCs pathogenesis has led to the development of effective and selective drugs. In our opinion, soon many drugs will be licensed, allowing clinicians to offer patients with BCC the right treatment at the right moment. Certainly, further studies are needed
Dupilumab for the treatment of adult atopic dermatitis in special populations
No full textBackground Special populations (SPs) involve people who require additional consideration in clinical research. Effectiveness of treatment or occurrence of side effects may be different in SPs with respect to not-SPs. Objectives To retrospectively compare the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in AD treatment of SPs versus not-SPs. Methods A 52-weeks retrospective study was performed enrolling patients with a diagnosis of moderate-to-severe AD undergoing treatment with dupilumab at labeled dosage. Patients were divided in Group A (SPs patients) and Group B (not-SPs patients). Disease severity was assessed using Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI), Pruritus–Numerical Rating Scale (P-NRS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score at baseline and after 4 weeks (W4), W16, W24, and W52. Results A total of 263 patients were enrolled and divided in Group A (25) and Group B (238). SPs included history of cancer, severe kidney failure, viral hepatitis, neurological diseases, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and transplanted patients. A statistically significant reduction of EASI, DLQI, and P-NRS was assessed in both groups at each follow-up visit (p < .0001), without significant differences between the groups. No differences were recorded for safety. Conclusions There are not significant differences between SPs and not-SPs as regards effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in AD management
Size matters: A comparative analysis of pig domestication
No full textDomestic pigs were a key component of the Neolithic Revolution because of their great relevance to farming. Zoo-archaeological evidences suggest that Sus scrofa was domesticated in the Fertile Crescent about 10,500 years BP. From that moment, early Neolithic farmers spread domestic pigs westward into Europe. Yet, once domesticated, European pigs rapidly replaced pigs of Near Eastern origin throughout Europe. A temporal distribution change between European mitochondrial DNA haplotypes (A-side and C-side) also occurred: the A-side haplotype increased in domestic remains from the Neolithic to the Roman Age in Europe, at the expense of C-side individuals. This same pattern is absent in non-domestic settings. We jointly analyzed (modern) wild boar morphology and mitochondrial DNA, seeking out morphological differences between A- and C- side types. Our results show that A-side wild boars are significantly larger than C-sides, irrespective of sex, age, and reproductive stage. This suggests that the increased frequency of A-side individuals in domestic samples through time might be the direct result of active selection by early breeders for their fast growth rate. © 2015, © The Author(s) 2015
Island rule, quantitative genetics and brain-body size evolution in homo floresiensis
No full textColonization of islands often activate a complex chain of adaptive events that, over a relatively short evolutionary time, may drive strong shifts in body size, a pattern known as the Island Rule. It is arguably difficult to perform a direct analysis of the natural selection forces behind such a change in body size. Here, we used quantitative evolutionary genetic models, coupled with simulations and pattern-oriented modelling, to analyse the evolution of brain and body size in Homo floresiensis, a diminutive hominin species that appeared around 700 kya and survived up to relatively recent times (60-90 kya) on Flores Island, Indonesia. The hypothesis of neutral evolution was rejected in 97% of the simulations, and estimated selection gradients are within the range found in living natural populations. We showed that insularity may have triggered slightly different evolutionary trajectories for body and brain size, which means explaining the exceedingly small cranial volume of H. floresiensis requires additional selective forces acting on brain size alone. Our analyses also support previous conclusions that H. floresiensis may be most likely derived from an early Indonesian H. erectus, which is coherent with currently accepted biogeographical scenario for Homo expansion out of Africa. © 2017 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved
- …
