325 research outputs found
Reduced sensitivity to sooner reward during intertemporal decision-making following insula damage in humans
No full textDuring intertemporal choice, humans tend to prefer small-sooner rewards over larger-delayed rewards, reflecting temporal discounting (TD) of delayed outcomes. Functional neuroimaging evidence has implicated the insular cortex in time-sensitive decisions, yet it is not clear whether activity in this brain region is crucial for, or merely associated with, TD behaviour. Here, patients with damage to the insula (Insular patients), control patients with lesions outside the insula, and healthy individuals chose between smaller-sooner and larger-later monetary rewards. Insular patients were less sensitive to sooner rewards than were the control groups, exhibiting reduced TD. A Voxel-based Lesion-Symptom Mapping (VLSM) analysis confirmed a statistically significant association between insular damage and reduced TD. These results indicate that the insular cortex is crucial for intertemporal choice. We suggest that he insula may be necessary to anticipate the bodily/emotional effects of receiving rewards at different delays, influencing the computation of their incentive value. Devoid of such input, insular patients’ choices would be governed by a heuristic of quantity, allowing patients to wait for larger options
Medición del color de alimentos en el espacio CIELAB a partir de imágenes
No full textEste conjunto de datos contiene scripts de OCTAVE que implementan un método sencillo para obtener el color de alimentos u otros materiales en el espacio L*a*b*, a partir de imágenes en el espacio de color RGB.Fil: Goñi, Sandro Mauricio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología en Alimentos. Argentina.
Fil: Mattioli, Nicolás Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología en Alimentos. Argentina.
Fil: Olivera, Daniela Flavia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología en Alimentos. Argentina.
Fil: Salvadori, Viviana Olga. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología en Alimentos. Argentina.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento
La legislazione del 18 ottobre 532. Le constitutiones ad commodum propositi operis pertinentes: gli esempi di C. 3, 10, 3 e C. 8, 37 (38), 15 The Justinian legislation of 18th October 532. The constitutiones ad commodum propositi operis pertinentes: the examples of C. 3, 10, 3 e C. 8, 37 (38), 15
No full textThis research, as part of a broader work devoted to the constitutiones ad commodum propositi operis pertinentes issued on 18th October 532, is directed to the analysis of C. 3, 10, 3 and C. 8, 37 (38), 15. In particular, considering it plausible that both fall precisely within the last 'cluster' of constitutiones ad commodum, the author attempts to identify the contexts in which, as part of the perusal of ancient jurisprudential materials, the compilers and chancellery may have drawn the cue to make the two normative interventions. The hypothesis is that both constitutions derive from the reading of the libri ad Sabinum and may show that by the date of 18th October 532 the probing work done by the compilers on the commentaries devoted to ius civile, as indeed also that of the great commentaries ad edictum, was nearing completion or, perhaps, had already been finished
Multiple sclerosis reduces sensitivity to immediate reward during decision making
No full textIndividuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) often face important health-related and financial decisions that involve trade-offs between short-term and long-term benefits, yet decision making is rarely studied in MS patients. The temporal discounting paradigm is a useful tool for investigating such time-dependent choices in humans. Here, we investigated whether patients with relapsing-remitting MS differed from healthy controls when making choices between hypothetical monetary rewards available at different points in time. Participants were tested in two conditions: in one, the choice was between a smaller amount of money available immediately and a larger amount of money available at a later date; in the other, a fixed delay of 60 days was added to both options. We found that, compared with healthy controls, MS patients favored less the sooner reward in the condition involving an immediate reward, whereas no difference between MS patients and the control group emerged in the condition involving only delayed rewards. Moreover, the decreased immediacy bias was corroborated by lower scores at scale that assesses responsiveness to rewards in MS patients. Taken together, these findings indicate reduced sensitivity to immediate reward and a consequent stronger willingness to defer gratification in MS individuals
Correlati elettrofisiologici (EEG e BAEP) durante ipossia ipossica nel coniglio in condizioni di mantenuta perfusione cerebrale
No full textLongitudinal serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) concentration relates to cognitive function in multiple sclerosis patients
No full textBACKGROUND: Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) may be used as a biological marker of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS), although longitudinal studies correlating cognitive deficits to sNfL are limited. OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally investigate the relation between cognitive dysfunction, sNfL and MRI brain volume in a relapsing remitting MS patients. METHODS: 18 MS patients (9 males and 9 females, mean age 45 years, mean education 12.6 years) all prescribed with interferon beta 1a (44 mcg 3 times per week), are longitudinally evaluated by means of annual clinical exam with EDSS, neuropsychological evaluation with Brief repeatable battery (BRB) and Delis Kaplan Executive function test (DKEFS), dosage of sNfL (SIMOA) and MRI. RESULTS: Here are reported the results of 1 year follow-up. A significantly higher sNfL in MS compared to healthy controls and higher sNfL in patients with greater cognitive impairment were found. Cognitive Impairment Index, memory, executive function tests correlated with sNfL. Gray matter volume resulted unchanged at 1-year follow-up; a weak correlation between some tests' score and selective cortical brain areas was found. CONCLUSION: Our longitudinal pilot study confirms that sNfL are related to cognitive abilities, confirming data of other authors from retrospective studie
Early auditory evoked potential changes during hypoxic hypoxia in the rabbit.
No full textEarly auditory evoked potentials and electroencephalograms were recorded in 10 rabbits during hypoxic hypoxia (5% O2 in N2 gas mixture) and after reoxygenation. In all experiments EEG flattening preceded the disappearance of the early evoked potential, whose recovery after reoxygenation was more rapid than that of the EEG. Significant increases in P3-P4 and P1-P3 interpeak latencies were observed during hypoxic conditions before the complete flattening of the early auditory evoked potential. In addition, negative relationships were found between the P3-P4 interpeak latency increase and mean arterial pressure reduction, and between the former and metabolic acidosis
Prognostic value of early auditory evoked potentials (BAEPS) in experimental hypoxia in the rabbit.
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