120 research outputs found
Simulation and Modeling Time Response of Double Carrier Avalanche Photodiodes
Get PDFAvalanche photodiodes (APDs) is a particularly sensitive semiconductor device that employs the photoelectric effect to convert light into electricity. APDs can be used in some typical applications, i.e. imaging, optical fiber communications, range finding, laser scanners and laser microscopy. In APDs, avalanche multiplication occurred due to impact ionization when the devices operating at high electric fields. Unfortunately, avalanche multiplication decreases the time response of APDs. The time response of an APD can be characterized by its current response which is represented by the mean current as a function of time. This paper discusses a method to estimate the time response of double-carrier multiplication avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The model, called The Random Path Length (RPL), generates random path length for a carrier to impact ionize and takes account of dead space distance into the calculation. Dead space distance is the minimum distance to travel by a carrier to gain the adequate energy to start first ionization. The RPL is applied into an ideal structure which is assumed has a dimensionless multiplication length, w = 1.0, with electrons and holes moving in constant speeds, ve = vh = v, for various dead spaces distances, d*. In this research, a computer code is generated to compute the mean impulse response, i(t), and the standard deviation, s(t), of APDs all as a function of time
Gain Characteristics Of Avalanche Photodiodes Based On Carrier Pair Injected Positions
Get PDFMean gain characteristics based on carrier pair injected position in avalanche photodiodes (APDs) is investigated by mean of the Random Path Length (RPL) Model that incorporates the carrier history. The model creates a randomly carrier path length to impact ionize following the dead space distance. Dead space distance is a minimum distance required for a carrier to travel to get adequate energy to impact ionizes. Under consideration is an ideal structure that is assumed has a dimensionless multiplication length and a uniform electric field. The simulation will be carried out for double carrier multiplication APDs with various dead spaces distances. An electron-hole pair in various positions is injected into avalanche photodiodes. The mean gain is recorded based on these injected positions of the carriers
SIMULASI KINERJA JARINGAN GSM KETIKA HANDOVER MENGGUNAKAN NETWORK SIMULATOR (NS2)
Get PDFThere is a process called handover in GSM network. Handover is the displacement of the mobile station from one base transceiver station (BTS) to another BTS. With handover, the mobile station can change position anytime during the talks and conversations handling the transfer of one BTS to another BTS when customers move from one cell to another.The study was conducted using a software network simulator version 2 (NS-2) with a linux operating sitem 10.10. This study discusses the performance of the current GSM intra Base Station Controller (BSC) handover and inter BSC to measure the parameters of Quality of service (QOS). This study applied some variables from the packet size and speed.From the simulation results, the value of the Throughput average and packet loss occurs at the optimum speed of 17 m / s at the intra-and inter BSC. On delay average, there is the fluctuating value of intra and inter BS
ANALYTICAL STUDY OF QoS (Quality of Service) IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VOICE COMMUNICATION APPLICATION VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) ON THE INTRANET NETWORK AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG
Get PDFDecline in the quality of a network can be caused by increasing the number of network users. The same case happened on the Unila intranet, quality of intranet degradation will cause packets delayed or even lost. To determine the performance, measurement especially in the implementation voice application. Network performance will be seen from the measurement of QoS (Quality of Service) on the Unila intranet. Network measurement is performed by active measurement with direct measurement to a pre determined scenario and considered to the three parameters: throughput, delay, and jitter by using DITG software. Using UDPprotocol as a protocol for sending voice packets and using three different audio codec at each measurement scenario there are, G.711, G.723.1, and G.729. According to the theory, jitter will increase if delay value is higher. The resulting of jitter and delay value will affect the throughput value. If the jitter and delay value increase, the throughput value will decrease. Research results are not too different from the theory.Throughput value from measurement will be smaller if the jitter and delay value increase. On the Unila LAN,performance of G.711 codec is better than other codec because this codec produces smaller delay and jitter,and the result for throughput is higher than that of other codec
SIMULASI DAN ANALISA SCHEDULING SERVICE CLASS PADA JARINGAN WIMAX MENGGUNAKAN OPNET MODELER
Get PDFAbstract Human need for information now pushing the demand for internet data access speed high rises rapidly. The service offers diverse include text, sound, video, and data. It has become even daily needs that can not be separated from human life. So the need for technology that can deliver voice, data, and video with better quality. This study discusses the application of scheduling service class on data communications applications in the Fixed WiMAX network. Fixed WiMAX network is simulated using OPNET Modeler. Network design performed using a single BS, SS 16 pieces, and the server as a source of traffic. Data is collected for ten minutes. The simulation results obtained show that the application of sound, UGS service class has the greatest value is 3 Mbps throughput and jitter smallest value that is close to 0 s. In video applications, rtPS service class has the greatest value of throughput is 44 Mbps and has the smallest delay value was 0.17 s. On the application file transfer, nrtPS service class has the greatest value is 6,745,187 bps throughput and has the smallest delay value is 0.014 s. In the web browsing application, nrtPS service class has the greatest value is 8.2 Mbps throughput and has the smallest delay value is 0.022 s.Keywords : fixed WiMAX, scheduling service, Opnet Modele
MONITORING PENGUKUR DETAK JANTUNG DAN SUHU TUBUH PADA PASIEN BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS
Get PDFDetak jantung dan suhu tubuh merupakan dua parameter penting yang digunakan oleh para medis untuk mengetahui kesehatan fisik maupun kondisi mental seseorang. Pengukuran yang dilakukan saat ini masih menggunakan cara yang konvensional, cara ini akan memakan waktu yang lama dan harus dilakukan pengecekan secara berkala sehingga kurang efektif apabila ingin memantau perkembangan detak jantung dan suhu tubuh pasien dari jarak jauh. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan yaitu sistem monitoring yang dirancang untuk memantau dan mengukur detak jantung dan suhu tubuh pada manusia secara otomatis. Pengukuran detak jantung dan suhu tubuh menggunakan Pulse Sensor dan sensor DS18B20 sebagai pembaca parameter. Hasil dari pengukuran kemudian ditampilkan pada LCD dan kemudian dapat dipantau pula menggunakan gawai. Indikator berupa buzzer yang akan menginformasikan keadaan pasien atau seseorang yang sedang dipantau sehingga akan ada penanganan yang dilakukan oleh staf medis. Hasil dari alat penelitian memiliki simpangan atau error suhu yang terdapat pada sensor DS18B20 sebesar 0,87%. Nilai detak jantung yang menunjukkan hasil simpangan atau error yang terdapat pada pulse sensor sebesar 1,60%. Alat ukur detak jantung dan suhu tubuh menggunakan NodeMCU ESP8266 menggunakan pulse sensor dan DS18B20 dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi blynk sebagai media dari internet of things sebagai sistem monitoring. Alat penelitian ini dapat menampilkan data suhu tubuh dan detak jantung manusia melalui blynk
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK MENGGUNAKAN PHP DAN MYSQL (Studi Kasus pada Fakultas Teknik Universitas Lampung)
Get PDFAbstractStarting from 2000, the Academic Information System (SIAKAD) could be accessed on-line by the entire academic community of the University of Lampung. SIAKAD used for academic purposes at the University of Lampung, such as card-making Plan Study (KRS), and Study Result Card (KHS). Faculty of Engineering, University of Lampung, which is one of the faculty who are in the shade of the University of Lampung also been wearing SIAKAD on-line for academic administration for its students. But in reality, SIAKAD on-line that used still had some shortcomings, namely, the absence of a recapitulation of how many students pass a graduation period, the average GPA of a graduation, the average GPA per class, how many students graduate, active, Drop Out (DO) a generation in one department, and the average of study period per period graduates. Therefore, in this study there had been made academic information system contains solutions to some of the shortcomings of the SIAKAD on-line used by the University of Lampung and were focused only on the Faculty of Engineering, University of Lampung. The information system was built using the programming language PHP version 5.3.5 and MySQL version 5.0.7 as its DBMS. At first the information system was created on the local host server and then uploaded to the web server of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Lampung. Once the information system was built, the system tested. Testing was done by two scenarios, namely offline scenario and online scenario. In the offline testing, information system that was built could show how average GPA per class, average GPA per period of graduation, student statistics, as well as how many students were active, graduated, not graduated, dropped out (DO), and resigned themselves. Online scenario was done after the system information uploaded to the web server of the Faculty of Engineering. All existing features were also working as intended.Keywords: SIAKAD, information system, modified waterfall, localhost server
Analysis Of Banana Plant Disease Characterization Using Thermal Camera With Tressolding Method
Get PDFBanana is a fruit plant that is widely produced in Indonesia. Unfortunately, this plant is very susceptible to diseases which can reduce the quality and quantity of the crop. This paper proposes disease detection in banana plants using a thermal camera. The detection is carried out using image processing techniques with multilevel thresholding methods. The image is captured using a thermal camera, then the image is preprocessed to suit what is desired. After that, so that the position is the same as the image taken using a digital camera, the image produced by the thermal camera is carried out by an image registration process. The image processing result is compared with the ground truth image obtained from a digital camera to determine the effectiveness of the proposed method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is measured using the parameters Recall, Precision, F-measure, and Accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is quite effective because it produces parameter values above 80%, namely the recall value of 86,59%, the Precision of 99,1%, the F-measure of 92%, and the accuracy of 89,78%
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