1,721,242 research outputs found
Ethics vs. Innovation? The Impact of Embryo Research Laws on the Innovative Ability of National Economies
No full textRegulatory Talk About Climate Policies: National Plans or Commission Streamlining
No full textNational energy and climate plans (NECPs) are a cornerstone of European Union (EU) climate policy. As ‘hard’ soft governance instruments, NECPs allow comparison of member state policies and monitoring of whether they reach EU aims. My argument is that NECPs can be analysed as regulatory talk, with both member states and the Commission using reputational strategies—performative, technical, procedural and moral—to lend authority to their policy descriptions and projections. I show that the technical rhetoric of draft NECPs varies according to domestic capacities. Commission comments are uniform, emphasising performance. Member states do not adapt their final NECPs to the regulatory talk of the Commission. They use the same reputational mix as in the draft NECPs. In sum, the NECPs portray an output-oriented legitimation strategy, emphasising performance and technical proficiency. The actor bases of the found national variation of regulatory talk and its effects are questions for further researc
International Organizations as Drivers of Telecommunications Liberalization in Eastern Europe, in Northern Europe - and in the Whole World?
No full textLive and let…? Measuring and explaining the strictness of embryo research laws in 21 countries
No full textdie Determinanten von Embryonenforschungspolitiken im internationalen Vergleich
No full textWarum haben einige Staaten bereits frühzeitig eine Embryonenforschungspolitik, andere sind dagegen Nachzügler? Warum haben einige Staaten strikte Politiken zur Embryonenforschung, andere dagegen eher permissive Politiken? Auf der Basis von Theorien der vergleichenden Staatstätigkeitsforschung und mithilfe von quantitativen sowie qualitativen Methoden untersucht der Autor, welche Faktoren die unterschiedlichen Embryonenforschungspolitiken bestimmen und kommt bei der Überprüfung seiner Hypothesen zu einem überraschenden Ergebnis: Religiöse Länder gehören nicht nur zu den Nachzüglern der Embryonenforschungspolitik, da in ihnen die Wertkonflikte besonders ausgeprägt sind. Sie erlassen zudem auch deutlich strengere Gesetze als säkulare Gesellschaften. Dies ist umso überraschender, als erstens die Kirche in der westlichen Welt vielen Thesen zufolge ihren Einfluss auf die Politik verloren hat und zweitens gerade das Politikfeld Embryonenforschung spätestens seit der Stammzellenforschung vielen Beobachtern zufolge von wirtschaftlichen Interessen geprägt ist. Im Gegensatz zu zahlreichen Vorhersagen, die ein „race to the bottom“ sehen und vermuten, dass das Erlaubte sich immer an das Machbare anpasst, ist das Kernergebnis des Buches, dass Religion immer noch einen Unterschied macht.
A German sonderweg? The German policy on embryo research in comparative perspective
No full textThe media as well as the social sciences depict German embryo research policies as unusually strict. The explanation for this is sought in the symbolic values fixed in the constitution and the national-socialist heritage. This interpretation, however, is grained from a number of case studies, whereas this paper analyses the German case in a comparative perspective. We ask whether Germany really is such an unusual case compared to other OECD countries. As a first step classical theories of comparative public policy-partisan difference hypothesis, institutional, political-economical and cultural theories—are applied. The article shows that these theories can explain the variation in embryo research policies in the OECD rather well, but fail for the German case. In a second step it is argued that a rationalist-institutionalist account of the German case fails as well. German policies cannot be seen as rational anticipations of the constitutional court\’s position. By eliminating rival assumptions, a sociological-institutional hypothesis is strengthened. Only the specific constellation of national socialist heritage and constitutional discourse can explain German embryo research policies. For the policy field, the conclusion is that German embryo research policies will exhibit a high degree of stability
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