1,720,954 research outputs found
Bparalelismo De Stream Em Multi-Gpu Para Multi-Cores
No full textAtualmente, as arquiteturas de computadores dependem frequentemente de unidades de processamento gráfico (GPUs) para permitir a exploração massiva do paralelismo a um custo reduzido. Este paralelismo pode ser particularmente vantajoso no processamento de streams, um domínio de aplicações que processam continuamente um fluxo de dados de tamanho muitas vezes desconhecido. No entanto, o programador deve empregar programação paralela para explorar os recursos de hardware da GPU subjacente de forma eficiente. Isso pode ser desafiador, pois envolve refatorar algoritmos, usar técnicas de paralelismo e conhecer o hardware do ambiente, especialmente ao escrever código portável, uma vez que os fornecedores e gerações de GPU oferecem capacidades diferentes. Este desafio torna-se ainda mais complexo em ambientes multi-GPU; o programador deve escolher qual estratégia será utilizada para particionar seus dados, qual estratégia de escalonamento de tarefas será utilizada nas GPUs, como lidar com as necessidades de comunicação entre tarefas e como executar operações assíncronas na GPU. Para enfrentar esses desafios, pesquisadores se concentraram na investigação de técnicas de programação eficientes para GPUs e no desenvolvimento de abstrações que simplificam o processo de programação. Uma dessas abstrações é a SPar, uma linguagem de domínio específico (DSL) que permite a expressão do paralelismo de fluxo sem sacrificar o desempenho. Recentemente, foi adicionada uma extensão a SPar que permite a geração paralela de código para GPUs em aplicações de streaming. Para conseguir isso, a SPar realiza transformações de código fonte e gera código GPU usando uma biblioteca intermediária chamada GSParLib. No entanto, SPar oferece suporte à geração de código somente para ambientes com uma única GPU.Neste trabalho, investigamos como permitir a geração de código multi-GPU para processamento de streams e investigamos otimizações e técnicas para programação multi-GPU direcionado a sistemas multi-core. Nossas contribuições são um conjunto de algoritmos de escalonamento para fluxo de dados em multi-GPUs, que foram integrados na geração de código do SPar, suportando transparentemente o uso de multi-GPU em sistemas multi-core. Os resultados experimentais demonstraram que é possível simplificar a exploração de multi-GPU para aplicações de stream sem sacrificar o desempenho, utilizando políticas de escalonamento visando especificamente multi-GPU por meio de anotações de código como as fornecidas pelo SPar, alcançando resultados semelhantes às implementações manuais visando multi-GPU, enquanto tendo quase metade do número de linhas de código.Nowadays, computer architectures often rely on graphics processing units (GPUs) to allow massive parallelism exploitation at a lower cost. This parallelism can be particularly advantageous in stream processing, a domain of applications continuously processing a data flow of often unknown size. Nonetheless, the programmer must employ parallel programming to exploit underlying GPU hardware capabilities efficiently. This can be challenging since it involves refactoring algorithms, using parallelism techniques, and knowing about the environment’s hardware, especially when writing portable code, since GPU vendors and generations offer different capabilities. This challenge becomes even more complex in multi-GPU environments; the programmer must choose which strategy to partition their data, which strategy to schedule their tasks onto the GPUs, how to handle communication needs between tasks, and how to perform GPU asynchronous operations. To address these challenges, researchers have focused on investigating efficient programming techniques for GPUs and developing abstractions that simplify the programming process. One such abstraction is SPar, a domain-specific language (DSL) that enables the expression of stream parallelism without sacrificing performance. Recently, an extension was added to SPar that allows parallel code generation for GPUs in streaming applications. To achieve this, SPar performs source-to-source code transformations and generates GPU code using an intermediate library named GSParLib. Nonetheless, SPar supports code generation for a single GPU environment only. In this work, we investigate how to allow multi-GPU code generation for stream processing and investigate state-of-the-art optimizations and techniques for multi-GPU programming targeting multi-core systems.Our contributions are a set of data stream scheduling algorithms for multi-GPUs, which were integrated in the code generation of SPar, transparently supporting multi-GPU usage in multi-core systems. The experimental results demonstrated that it is possible to simplify the exploitation of multi-GPU for stream applications without sacrificing performance by utilizing scheduling policies specifically targeting multi-GPU through code annotations like the ones provided by SPar, achieving similar results to manual implementations targeting multi-GPU while having close to half the number of lines of code
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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