37 research outputs found
Prevention of Spinal Deformities in Preschool-Age Children /// Профилактика на гръбначните изкривявания при деца в предучилищна възраст
No full textThe musculoskeletal disorders are common conditions among children and are usually caused by the long-term effects of poor posture. The purpose of this study is to examine the measures for prevention of spinal deformities and to evaluate the effects of the application of remedial gymnastics to improve the posture in preschool-age children. The study was held in the period 2014-2015. It involved 300 children aged between 5 -7 from the city of Varna. Their posture was evaluated through somatoscopy, functional tests of Matthiass and Kiel and balance durability test which were conducted both in the beginning and at the end of the study. The children were divided in equal numbers into three groups: experimental group (EG) 1, which included exercises with sports hammock, EG 2 which included standard remedial gymnastics and control group (CG). To analyse the data we used descriptive methods, methods of testing the hypotheses (Student's t-test, ANOVA; ?2) and correlation analysis. After application of the methods, the reduction in the frequency of the asymmetries and improvement of the functional durability in the children of EG1 were statistically significant when compared to the results obtained in the CG (p <0.05). The regular classes with sports hammock for at least six months are recommended in the pre-school children for correction and prevention of musculoskeletal asymmetries.Мускулно-скелетните нарушения са често срещани състояния сред децата, причинени от дългосрочните ефекти на неправилната поза. Целта на проучването е да се проучат мерките за профилактика на гръбначните изкривявания и да се оцени ефекта от приложението на изправителната гимнастика за подобряване позата при деца в предучилищна възраст. Изследването се проведе в периода 2014г.–2015г. с 300 деца на възраст между 5 и 7 години в гр. Варна. Позата им беше оценена чрез соматоскопия и функционални тестове: на Matthiass, на Kiel и за равновесна устойчивост както в началото, така и в края на проучването. Децата бяха разпределени по равен брой в три групи: ЕГ 1 с провеждане на гимнастика със спортен хамак, ЕГ 2 стандартна изправителна гимнастика и КГ. За анализ на данните са използвани дескриптивни, методи за тестване на хипотези (Student’s t-test; ANOVA; ?2) и корелационен анализ . След приложението на методиката, намаляването честотите на асиметриите и подобрението функционалната издържливост при децата в ЕГ1 е статистически значимо при сравняването ? с резултатите от КГ (р<0,05). Системните занятия със спортен хамак в продължение на поне 6 месеца са препоръчителни за децата от предучилищна възраст за корекция и профилактика на мускуло-скелетните асиметрии
Demographic and Occupational Determinants of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a significant public health concern, particularly in professions requiring prolonged static postures. Objectives: This study examined the influence of demographic and occupational factors on the WMSD prevalence and provides evidence-based recommendations for workplace health improvements. Methods: A cross-sectional study (July–September 2024) surveyed 80 office employees in Varna, Bulgaria, using the Prevent 4 Work (P4Wq) questionnaire. ANOVA and t-tests assessed the WMSD prevalence across demographics, while Pearson’s correlations examined associations with age, BMI, and work experience. Data were analyzed in Jamovi v.2.6 (p < 0.05). Results: The sample (92.5% women, mean age 47.2 years) reported a high WMSD prevalence, with cervical pain (88.8%), lower back pain (83.8%), and shoulder pain (75.0%) being the most common. Work experience, age, and BMI were significantly correlated with WMSD severity, while gender showed no significant associations. Conclusions: WMSDs are highly prevalent among office employees, with lower back, neck, and shoulder pain being the most common complaints. Factors such as higher BMI, longer work experience, and increased workload are associated with greater symptom severity. These results emphasize the urgent need for targeted workplace interventions aimed at reducing ergonomic risks, improving posture, and enhancing employee well-being, ultimately fostering a healthier and more productive work environment
Opportunities for remote delivery of rehabilitation programs
Full text linkIntroductionThe development of modern technologies and devices contributes to the diversification and improvement of telemedicine and telerehabilitation in particular. There are many possibilities for telerehabilitation programs, as well as areas of application.AimThe aim of this review is to present the possibilities of conducting rehabilitation programs remotely and to discuss their positive and negative aspects.Materials and MethodsScientific publications in foreign databases were studied. The search focused on full-text articles with the keywords "telerehabilitation", "telemedicine", and "rehabilitation" published in the last year, mainly in PubMed.ResultsThe review identified 52738 research articles. Twenty-nine full-text research articles relevant to the objectives of this review were selected after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study.ConclusionAlthough telerehabilitation is a relatively new approach, its application is spreading rapidly in developed countries. Telerehabilitation facilitates patients' access to this type of healthcare services. Costs are reduced for both healthcare providers and patients. The positive impacts of telerehabilitation outweigh the disadvantages.
The effect of polarized polychromatic non-coherent light (Bioptron) therapy on patients with lower back pain
No full textHalotherapy - origin, development and therapeutic benefits
Full text linkХалотерапията е метод за профилактика, лечение и красотата, предлаган в центрове по цял свят. Възникнала като спелеотерапия в солните пещери, днес тя e актуална под формата на солни стаи. Целта на този доклад е да обобщи информацията относно зараждане, развитие и приложение на халотерапията за профилактика и в комплексната терапия при заболявания на дихателна система. Методи и материали: Проучена е достъпната литература, научни изследвания с анализиране на профилактични мероприятия и като част от терапията на дихателните пътища. Резултати: Ползите от инхалацията на солни аерозоли са били обект на множество значителни научни изследвания, в резултат на което този метод се счита за високоефективен срещу широк кръг от дихателни проблеми и обструктивни заболявания на дихателните пътища. Клиничните изследвания показват, че частиците на солта могат да помогнат за лекуването и намаляването на дихателни възпаления, абсорбция на оток (подуване), причинено от течност в тъканите и може да помогне за отпушване на областта на бронхите. Заключение: Халотерапията успешно се съчетава с медикаментозно лечение, както и профилактика. Доказателствата относно ползите не са категорични и съществува дискусия по темата. Все още липсва надеждна информация за солените пещери, необходими са допъл нителни проучвания за оценка на ползите от солта.Halotherapy is a method of disease prevention, treatment and wellness practiced in Halotherapy centres all over the world. It first came into existence as Speleotherapy in salt caves. Over the years it has gained popularity under the name of salt rooms. This report aims to summarize information related to the origin, development and practical application of Halotherapy in the prevention and overall treatment of respiratory diseases. Materials and Methods: We have conducted research on available literature, scientific studies with analyses of carried out preventive activities as a part of respiratory tract therapy. Results: The benefits of salt aerosol inhalations have been subject to various significant scientific studies and as a result, this method is considered to be highly effective in the prevention and treatment of a vast range of respiratory problems and obstructive respiratory diseases. Clinical researches show that salt particles can help with the treatment and reduction of respiratory inflammation; absorption of oedema caused by fluid in the tissues and can also help cleanse the area of the bronchi. Conclusion: Halotherapy can be used as a precention method but it is also successfully combined with medication treatment. Proof about the benefits is not explicit and there is a discussion on the topic. Still there is no reliable information about salt caves. There is a need to carry out additional investigation in order to evaluate the effect of salt
The role of traction therapy in the treatment of pain syndrome and the psycho-emotional state of the patients with lumbar disc disease
No full textAssessing the Impact of Prolonged Sitting and Poor Posture on Lower Back Pain: A Photogrammetric and Machine Learning Approach
No full textProlonged static sitting at the workplace is considered one of the main risks for the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and adverse health effects. Factors such as poor posture and extended sitting are perceived to be a reason for conditions such as lumbar discomfort and lower back pain (LBP), even though the scientific explanation of this relationship is still unclear and raises disputes in the scientific community. The current study focused on evaluating the relationship between LBP and prolonged sitting in poor posture using photogrammetric images, postural angle calculation, machine learning models, and questionnaire-based self-reports regarding the occurrence of LBP and similar symptoms among the participants. Machine learning models trained with this data are employed to recognize poor body postures. Two scenarios have been elaborated for modeling purposes: scenario 1, based on natural body posture tagged as correct and incorrect, and scenario 2, based on incorrect body postures, corrected additionally by the rehabilitator. The achieved accuracies of respectively 75.3% and 85% for both scenarios reveal the potential for future research in enhancing awareness and actively managing posture-related issues that elevate the likelihood of developing lower back pain symptoms
Visual criteria for the shift of the general center of gravity of patients with chronic hip instability
Full text linkте болкови синдроми, които се провокират от неоптималната статика, стои функционалната хиповъзбудимост и хипотония на постуралната мускулатура на тялото и намаляване на активността на рефлекса им за разтягане, който е необходим за поддържане на оптималната статика. Клинично хипоактивността на миотатичния рефлекс се проявява във вид на мускулни болкови синдроми в статично и динамично претоварени структури.Изместването на залавните места на патобиомеханично значимите скъсени и отпуснати мускули предизвиква статичните претоварвания и се съпровожда от асиметрия и стрес в ставните повърхности на носещите стави. Под действието на гравитационните сили и вследствие на промяната на силовия баланс на мускулите тази асиметрия се засилва. Развиват се патологии, като дегенеративно-дистрофични заболявания на тазобедрената става (ТБС), често съпроводени от функционални промени в гръбначния стълб.Цел: Изследване на взаимовръзката между посоката на изместване на общия център на тежестта (ОЦТ) на пациента и функционалната хиповъзбудимост на мускулите - стабилизатори на ТБС.Резултати и обсъждане: Проведеното изследване показва, че посоката на изместване на ОЦТ на пациента с хронична нестабилност на ТБС често съвпада със страната на разположение на хипотоничните m.rectus femoris и m.iliopsoas.Изводи: Прилагането на методите за визуална диагностика от приложната кинезиология позволява в ранен стадий да се намери зависимостта между сколиотичните промени на поясния дял и клиничните прояви на нестабилност на ТБС.Introduction: At the base of the formation of muscle pain syndromes, which are provoked by the poor static, stand functional increased excitability and postural hypotension of the muscles of the body and reducing the activity of their stretch reflex, which is necessary to maintain optimum statics. Clinically, the hypoactivity of the stretch reflex is manifested as muscle pain syndromes in statically and dynamically exerted structures. Relocation of prehensile places of pathologically important biomechanical shortened and floppy muscles produces static overloads and is accompanied by asymmetry and stress in the articular surfaces of the bearing joints.Under the action of gravitational forces and as a result of the change in muscle force balance, this asymmetry is strengthened. Pathologies such as degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the hip joint, develop, often matched by functional changes in the spine.Aim: The aim of this paper is to explore the interconnection between the direction of displacement of the patient‘s general center of gravity and the functional increased excitability of the muscles - the hip stabilizers.Discussion: The conducted study indicates that the direction of displacement of the general center of gravity of the patient with chronic instability of the hip joint often coincides with the side of location of hypotonic m.rectus femoris and m.iliopsoas.Conclusion: Applying the methods of visual diagnostics from applied kinesiology allows, at an early stage, to find a relationship between the scoliotic changes in the lumbar portion and the clinical manifestations of hip joint instability
