4 research outputs found
FAKTOR PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PEKERJAAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN VITAMIN A PADA BALITA
Get PDFLatar Belakang : Kekurangan vitamin A dapat menurukan system kekebalan tubuh balita serta meningkatkan risiko kesakitan dan kematian. Cakupan pemberian vitamin A di Indonesia Tahun 2019. Ada beberapa faktor bayi tidak mendapatkan Vitamin A, hal ini dikarenakan ibu tidak mengetahui akibat yang dapat ditimbulkan apabila bayi kekurangan Vitamin A. Metode : Jenis penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Tekhnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan system random sampling dengan jumlah responden 96 ibu yang memiliki balita 6-59 bulan. Uji yang digunakan menggunakan chi square. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa dari 96 orang responden sebanyak (51.0%) ibu yang memberikan vitamin A dan sebanyak (49.0%) ibu yang mempunyai anak usia 6-59 bulan tidak memberikan vitamin A kepada anaknya. Responden yang berpengetahuan tinggi dan anak balita yang diberikan vitamin A sebanyak (64.3%). Sikap positif dan anak balita yang diberikan vitamin A sebanyak (71.4%) serta responden yang bekerja dan anak balita yang diberikan vitamin A sebanyak (71.7%). Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan pemberian vitamin A pada usia anak 6-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Beringin Tahun 2023 p-value = 0,001 (p < 0,05). Ada hubungan antara sikap dengan pemberian vitamin A pada usia anak 6-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Beringin Tahun 2023 p-value = 0,001 (p < 0,05). Ada hubungan antara pekerjaan dengan pemberian vitamin A pada usia anak 6-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Beringin Tahun 2023 p-value = 0,001 (p < 0,05)
Municipal solid waste management during COVID-19 pandemic: effects and repercussions
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has an adverse effect on the environment. This epidemic�s effect on the waste composition and management and the impacts of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) on disease transmission or controlling are considered a compelling experience of living in the COVID-19 pandemic that can effectively control the process. This systematic review research was conducted to determine the effects of COVID-19 on the quantity of waste and MSWM. Searches were conducted in three databases (using keywords covid 19, coronaviruses, and waste), and among the published articles from 2019 to 2021, 56 ones were selected containing information on the quantity and waste management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that COVID-19 caused the quantity variation and composition change of MSW. COVID-19 also has significant effects on waste recycling, medical waste management, quantity, and littered waste composition. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed waste compounds� management activities and waste generation sources. Recognizing these issues can help plan MSWM more efficiently and reduce virus transmission risk through waste. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Spatio-seasonal variation, distribution, levels, and risk assessment of airborne asbestos concentration in the most industrial city of Iran: effect of meteorological factors
No full textLike other dangerous pollutants in the air, asbestos has negative and adverse effects on human and animal health. The present study is designed to determine the concentration of asbestos in the air of the most industrial city of Iran (Karaj) in 2018�2019. For this purpose, 4 samples were taken from different areas of the air of Karaj during a year with an SKC pump and flow of 6 L/min for 8 h and in 45 days, and a total of 68 samples of asbestos fibers were collected. Then, the samples were analyzed by phase-contrast microscope (PCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Eventually, the health effects of asbestos fibers were evaluated by the IRIS EPA method. The average concentration of asbestos fibers was 1.84 f/L PCM and 18.16 f/L SEM. Also, the results of statistical correlation analysis indicated that asbestos fibers are positively correlated with wind speed but negatively correlated with the other three parameters (temperature, relative humidity, and pressure). On the other hand, the average annual risk of asbestos fiber in the ambient air of Karaj for all samples was in the range of 4.32 � 10�6 to 1.81 � 10�4 which in some places had more danger than the recommended risk range. According to the EPA guidelines, carcinogenicity acceptable levels are in the range of 10�4 and 10�6. Values higher than 10�4 have more carcinogenic risk and values lower than 10�6 have a lower carcinogenic risk. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature
Occupational exposure of health care personnel to SARS-CoV-2 particles in the intensive care unit of Tehran hospital
No full textThe outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has attracted much attention to study its possible presence and airborne transmission. The possibility of COVID-19 airborne transmission in indoor environments is debatable. The present study examined the concentration of viral RNA-containing particles produced directly or indirectly by breathing or coughing of confirmed COVID-19 patients or by carriers without symptoms. Some studies do not accept this method of transmission (COVID-19 airborne transmission). The present study aimed to measure the possible exposure of health care personnel to SARS-CoV-2 particles that may have been suspended in the air to respond to the hypothesis of COVID-19 airborne transmission. Airborne particle sampling was performed using impingement method based on NIOSH (chapter BA) and ASHRAE. Selection of sampling sections was in line with the WHO guidelines. The samples were analyzed using RT-PCR technique. Based on the given results, airborne particles of COVID-19 may present in the air and affect the health of hospital personnel. In fact, the analysis of gene expression in ambient conditions and thereby aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through air is possible and may lead to occupational exposure of health care personnel. Furthermore, it was found that airborne emission of COVID-19 through the breathing zone of patients, particularly in ICU wards with confirmed cases of COVID-19, may be higher than in other ICU wards. Also, the demonstrated results showed that there is a possibility of reaerosolization (reintroduction) of previously airborne SARS-CoV-2 particles into the atmosphere due to health care personnel frequently walking between different wards and stations of ICU. © 2021, The Author(s)
