26,620 research outputs found
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Language Change and SA-OT: The case of sentential negation
No full textSimulated Annealing for Optimality Theory (SA-OT) updates Optimality Theory by adding a model of performance to a theory of linguistic competence. Our aim is to show that SA-OT can contribute to language change simulations. Performance "errors" are considered to be one of the causes of variation and change. We have chosen to model the evolution of sentential negation (SN). The descriptive background adopts Jespersen's Cycle, according to which the evolution of sentential negation follows three main stages (1. pre-verbal, 2. discontinuous, and 3. post-verbal). Therefore, we advance a novel model for SN, based on SA-OT. It reproduces the three pure and the two observed mixed stages, whereas it correctly predicts the lack of an intermediate stage between 3 and 1. The success of the approach corroborates the computational, performance-based approach to the data. Finally, we employ the iterated learning paradigm to reproduce historical changes in a "simulated corpus study". This enterprise turns out to be more difficult than one would naively believe.Appeared open access as: Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands Journal (CLIN), vol. 1 (2011), pp. 21-40, and is available at http://www.clinjournal.org/sites/default/files/Lopopolo.pdfA. Lopopolo and Biró, T., “Language Change and SA-OT. The case of sentential negation”, Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands Journal, vol. 1, pp. 21-40, 2011.Peer Reviewe
Melatonin agonists and insomnia
No full textDawson, D ORCiD: 0000-0001-7385-5630; Ferguson, SA ORCiD: 0000-0002-9682-7971Melatonin was identified in 1958 by Aaron Lerner. Since that time a fast number of research studies have been published examining the role of the hormone in the control and manipulation of biological rhythms, its impact on the initiation and maintenance of sleep and its antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties
Anabarhynchus neboensis Ferguson, sp. n.
No full textAnabarhynchus neboensis Ferguson sp. n. (Figs 20, 21, 22) Type material. Holotype: Female. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Scrub Road, Brisbane Forest Park, 27 ° 25 '06"S, 152 ° 50 ' 13 "E. Open Eucalypt forest, 26.IX. 1997, S. Winterton, N. Power, D. White, Malaise Trap 2; (QM_T: 185534) (QM). Condition; ex-alcohol, left fore-leg missing, right hind-leg tarsi missing; pined dorsally through thorax on stainless steel. Paratype; 2 females. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: 2 ♀ Brisbane, C. F. Ashby, (ANIC _ 29:007848) (MEI_ 129397), (ANIC _ 29:007846) (MEI_ 129391), (ANIC). Diagnosis. Frons raised with brownish grey pubescence; frontal pile in two rows with broad bare area medially; scutum brownish grey with indistinct vittae; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile; fore femur 4 pd, 6 pv, 3 av; middle femur 2 pd, 5-7 pv, 1 av; hind femur 2–3 av. Fore femur basal ventral half blackish grey, dorsally 2 / 3 apically yellow-brown; middle and hind femora yellow-brown, basoventral surface dark grey. Description. Female. Body length: 11 mm. Wing length: 10 mm. (Figs 20–22). Head. Frons raised, width 3.9 x ocellus width; ocellar tubercle flat; face and lower frons raised; parafacial brownish grey; lateral of antenna is a ventrally tapered grey mark; lower frons brownish grey; mid-frons with a pair of large triangular dark brown pubescent marks; upper frons brown-grey. Frontal pile in 2 rows, upper frons pile sparse and semi-erect; lower frons pile densely arranged over dark brown pubescent mark, 3 / 4 length of scape. Scape length 2.4 × pedicel length; scape and pedicel grey, f 1 black, a few short dark setae dorsally on basal quarter; f 2 & f 3 brown, combined length half-length of f 1. Occiput convex, grey pubescence; with several indistinct rows of black macrosetae, 32–34 setae on each side; postocciput to gena grey pubescence with dense, long, pale, hair-like pile; several short black setae anteriorly on gena. Palp basally grey, apical half yellowish with pale hair-like setae; labellum dark grey; prementum setae black. Thorax. Scutal chaetotaxy black (pairs): np, 4; sa, 2; pa, 1; dc, 2; sc, 2. Scutum overlaid with brownish grey pubescence with indistinct thin brown dorsal vittae within broad grey stripe margined by pale grey, irregular brown marks outlining raised areas pre and post-transverse suture. Postspiracular pile present; anepisternum with pale pile admixed with black dorsocentrally; pleura grey; coxae grey with long pile admixed with black macrosetae; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile. Wing. Hyaline with brownish grey infuscate, brown veins, and stigma yellowish brown, costal setae beyond humeral cross-vein biserially arranged. Haltere. Pedicel yellow, knob ventrally dirty white, dorsally blackish grey. Legs. Fore femur 4 pd, 6 pv, 3 av; middle femur 2 pd, 5–7 pv, 1 av medial; hind femur 2–3 av over apical half, 1 pd sub-apically; appressed pale pile on dorsal surfaces admixed with short black setae, ventral pile erect. Fore femur basally half blackish grey extending along dorsal surface, with thin grey pubescence; apical half yellow. Middle and hind femora yellow with the basoventral surface marginally dark grey; all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown, apically darker. Abdomen. Integument black; tergites 2–3 anterior bands broadly black, narrowing towards posterior, covered with appressed black setae; tergites 2–7 laterally with grey pubescence with erect pale pile on tergites 2–3; tergites 4–7 with sparse erect black pile; tergites 2–6 apical bands greyish white; sternites 2–7 black with thin blackish grey pubescence, apical bands greyish white. Terminalia. Sternite 8 (Fig. 22 A): rounded in shape, darkly sclerotised and with faintly striated surface; lateral margins darkly sclerotised, anterior edge with broad indentation; middle posterior half with thinly sclerotised depressed area; long black setae distributed in two rows either side of mid-line extending to anterior margin of depressed area; posterior margin with bilobed apex. Furca (Fig. 22 B): oval-shaped with slender frame, middle frame with paired internal struts anteriorly directed; anterior beam with pair of broad angular anteroventral lobes that join along anterior margin; anteroventral lobe long extending beyond the lateral frame. Variation. Female, body length 10.0– 10.5 mm; wing length: 9.5–10 mm; frons width 3.6–3.8 × ocellus width; occipital macrosetae 34–37 each side; mid-frons mark of a paler brown; Fore femur with 3–4 pd, 5–6 pv, 1–3 av; middle femur with 1 pd, 4–7 pv, 1–3 av; hind femur 2–3 av. Male. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the geographic location ‘Mount Nebo’ Brisbane Forest Park, south-eastern Queensland, near where the type specimen was collected. Comments. Known from three female specimens collected in the Brisbane area in August and September in the years 1939 and 1997. Anabarhynchus neboensis sp. n. keys to A. plumbeus Lyneborg and A. plumbeoides Lyneborg at couplet 86 in Lyneborg (2001). It is readily separated from A. plumbeus which has dark grey femora, while Anabarhynchus neboensis sp. n. has yellow-brown femora except the fore femur that is basally dark grey (similar to A. plumbeoides). Just lateral to the antennal bases Anabarhynchus plumbeoides has grey marking that extend medially but remains in contact with the eye margin, while Anabarhynchus neboensis sp. n. has a triangular-shaped grey mark anterodorsally placed above antenna bases. Anabarhynchus neboensis sp. n. appears to be most closely aligned to species to Lyneborg’s montanus species-group.Published as part of Ferguson, David J., Lambkin, Christine L. & Yeates, David K., 2014, Eight new species of Australian stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from South East Queensland, pp. 553-582 in Zootaxa 3802 (4) on pages 575-578, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25070
Anabarhynchus longiseta Ferguson, sp. n.
No full textAnabarhynchus longiseta Ferguson sp. n. (Figs 11, 12, 13) Type material. Holotype: Female. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Scrub Road, Brisbane Forest Park, GPS: 27 ° 25 '06"S, 152 ° 50 ' 14 "E, 12.ix. 1997, in creek bed; S. Winterton, N. Power, Malaise trap 1; (QM_T: 185530) (QM). Condition: dorsally pinned with micro pin into foam pith, left hind leg missing. Diagnosis. Frons flat, middle frons concave with brownish grey pubescence; frontal setae sparse, very short and in 2 rows; female frons width 5.2 × ocellus width; postspiracular pile represented by only 1 or 2 hairs; katepisternum with pile; prosternal furrow without pile; wing with infuscated elliptical spot between vein R 5 and M 1; fore femur 1 av at middle; hind femur 1 av macroseta. All femora yellow-brown, fore femur with brown band medially; female tergite 8 with long flat curved reddish brown pile; female sternite 8 with long black setae on lateral margins. Description. Female. Body length: 5.5 mm. Wing length: 6 mm. (Figs 11–13). Head. Integument black. Lower frons slightly raised, middle frons with a pair of depressions either side of mid-line, upper frons slightly raised, width 5.2 × ocellus width; ocellar tubercle flat; antennal base positioned low on frons, face and lower frons slightly protruding; parafacial grey pubescence; lateral area of antenna with large irregular shaped spot; frontal setae short, sparse and black, lower frons setae erect and a third the length of scape. Scape length 2.75 × pedicel length; scape and pedicel yellow-brown, f 1 yellow-brown without a short black seta; f 2 & f 3 blackish brown, combined length a quarter length of f 1. Occiput convex with grey pubescence, pair of indistinct rows of black macrosetae, 20 setae on each side; postocciput to gena with grey pubescence and sparse, long, pale, hairs; black pile admixed with pale pile on anterior gena at ventral edge of eye. Palp grey with pale hairs; labellum grey; prementum setae pale. Thorax. Integument black: scutal chaetotaxy black (pairs): np 4; sa 2; pa 1; dc 3; sc, 2. Scutum with thin brown medial line widening slightly posteriorly, two short wider vittae on anterior third; scutal surface with short appressed dark setae. Katepisternum with pale pile; prosternal furrow without pile; pleura grey; coxae grey with long pile admixed with black macrosetae. Wings. Hyaline with brownish grey infuscation, brown infuscation along dark brown veins, elliptical brown infuscated spot medially between vein R 5 and M 1, stigma brown; costal setae beyond humeral cross-vein biserially arranged. Haltere. Pedicel dirty white; knob ventrally white, dorsally brown. Legs. Fore femur with 1 av at middle; hind femur with 1 av macrosetae; with sparse black setae admixed with pale appressed pile. Fore femur yellow-brown with grey pubescence, middle with broad brown band; middle and hind femora yellowbrown; sparse pale appressed pile on all surfaces, longest on posterior surface admixed with short black setae predominantly on dorsal surfaces; all tibia and tarsi yellow-brown, apically darker. Abdomen. Integument yellowbrown, dark brown dorsomedially, tergites 2–7 with anterior bands dark brown, sparsely covered with appressed dark setae, laterally yellow-brown, with erect pale setae, apical bands grey white; sternites 2–6 basal half darkbrown, apical half yellow-brown, surfaced with grey pubescence and sparsely covered with erect pale setae, apical bands grey white. Tergite and sternite 8 with long pile (Fig. 12). Terminalia. Not dissected. Male. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ longiseta ’ is Latin for ‘long setae’ referring to the long specialised abdominal setae of the female. Comments. Anabarhynchus longiseta sp. n. is known from a single female specimen collected in September, at Brisbane Forest Park, Queensland. Keys to couplet 8 in Lyneborg (2001) and can be readily separated from both A. danielsi Lyneborg and A. lanatus Lyneborg with dark grey femora and antenna dark grey. Anabarhynchus longiseta sp. n. have yellowbrown femora except fore femur with a dark brown band medially and the antenna are yellowish. Unusual for Anabarhynchus, A. longiseta sp. n., has an elliptical infuscated spot medially between veins R 5 and M 1, as well as long pile on tergite 8 and sternite 8, not seen previously in Anabarhynchus or other Therevidae. Its relationship to a species-group has not been determined.Published as part of Ferguson, David J., Lambkin, Christine L. & Yeates, David K., 2014, Eight new species of Australian stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from South East Queensland, pp. 553-582 in Zootaxa 3802 (4) on pages 564-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25070
Anabarhynchus darembal Ferguson, sp. n.
No full textAnabarhynchus darembal Ferguson sp. n. (Figs 4, 5, 6) Type material. Holotype: Male. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Fairy Bower, Rockhampton. Queensland, 14 September 1954; I.F.B. Common (ANIC _ 29:029635) (ANIC). Condition: Micro pinned dorsally to pith block; right hind tibia missing. Diagnosis. Frons flat with reflective brownish grey pubescence; frontal pile black, distributed in two rows; male frons width 2.2 × ocellus; occipital macrosetae black; middle coxa posterior surface with several pale hairs; fore femur 1 pd; middle femur 0–1 pd, 2 pv; hind femur 1–2 av, 1 av macroseta; all femora and tibia pale brown. Description. Male. Body length: 8 mm. Wing length: 8 mm. (Figs 4–6). Head. Frons flat, width 2.2 × ocellus width; ocellar tubercle flat; face and lower frons slightly protruding; parafacial to lower frons reflective grey; frons yellowish grey viewed anterodorsally, brown anteriorly; middle and upper frontal pile short and semi erect, in two rows, lower frons pile long and erect 3 / 4 length of scape. Scape length 2.8 × pedicel length; scape and pedicel grey; f 1 brown with a short black seta dorsally on basal quarter; f 2 & f 3 brown, combined length a third length of f 1. Occiput convex, brownish grey pubescence, several indistinct rows of black macrosetae, 36 on each side; postocciput to gena grey pubescence with long, pale, hair-like pile. Palp white, with whitish hair-like setae; labellum grey; prementum setae black. Thorax. Scutal chaetotaxy black (pairs): np, 4; sa, 2; pa, 1; dc, 2; sc, 2. Scutum with thin brown dorsomedial line within broader grey vittae, margined by yellowish grey vittae. Katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile; pleuron grey; coxae grey with long pile admixed with black macrosetae; coxa- 2 with a few pale hairs on posterior surface. Wing. Hyaline with pale grey infuscation, veins brown, stigma pale brown; costal setae beyond humeral cross-vein biserially arranged. Haltere. Pedicel brown, knob grey brown. Legs. Fore femur with 1 pd; middle femur 0–1 pd, 2 pv; hind femur 1–2 av macrosetae; appressed pale pile on dorsal surfaces admixed with short black setae, ventral pile erect. All femora pale brown, with grey pubescence; all tibiae and tarsi pale brown, apically darker. Abdomen. Integument pale brown, dark brown dorsomedially; tergites 2–5 with anterior bands dark brown, reducing in breadth towards posterior, covered with appressed dark pile, posterolateral edges bright grey with pale pile; tergite 2–6 apical bands bright white; all sternites pale brown with thick cover of grey pubescence, apical bands grey white. Terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 6 A): twice as wide as long (measured along mid-line and between widest points when viewed dorsally), narrowing posteriorly. Sub-epandrial plate sclerotised brown laterally. Gonocoxite (Fig. 6 B): weakly sclerotised; slightly longer than wide when viewed ventrally; several strong dark macrosetae admixed with shorter pale setae posterolaterally; small lobe-like outer gonocoxal process towards the ventromedial plane that supports dense pale pile. Gonocoxal apodeme short. Inner gonocoxal process darkly sclerotised, directed downwards and inwards, forming a broad and thin spatula-shaped apical section, pale pile on dorsal surface. Gonostylus long, darkly sclerotised and with angular projections dorsally and laterally; pale pile ventrally and along dorsal edge, directed medioventrally. Ventral lobe narrow and triangular when viewed dorsally, anterior edge tapered with sub-apical break, and connected to the gonocoxal apodeme by thin membrane. Aedeagus (Fig. 6 C, D): distiphallus long and ventrally directed; parameral sheath darkly sclerotised, broadly triangular; the anterolateral edge raised dorsally; ventral apodeme anteriorly broad and flat with the apical margin slightly bilobed; lateral ejaculatory apodeme narrow, band-like; ejaculatory apodeme thinly sclerotised, relatively short, broad and thin, apically rounded. Female. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the name of the original inhabitants of the land where the holotype specimen was collected, whose name is the ‘Darembal’ (Tindale, 1974). Comments. Known from one male collected in September from the Rockhampton area, Queensland. Anabarhynchus darembal sp. n. keys to couplet 64 in Lyneborg (2001) and is readily separated from both A. apertus (Macquart) and A. kosciuskoensis Mann as both these species have yellow-brown inner gonocoxal processes with robust setae on the apex. In A. darembal sp. n. the inner gonocoxal process is darkly sclerotised, with an apex that is spatulate with a few, sparsely distributed, weak, pale setae. Anabarhynchus darembal sp. n. closely resembles both A. fasciatus Macquart and A. tener Lyneborg. Anabarhynchus fasciatus has dark grey femora, middle femur without pd macrosetae and lacks pale pile on the posterior surface of the middle coxa. Anabarhynchus darembal sp. n. has pale brown femora, middle femur with 1 pd, and pile on the posterior surface of the middle coxa. While A. tener has pale occipital macrosetae, Anabarhynchus darembal sp. n. has black occipital macrosetae. Anabarhynchus darembal sp. n. appears to be most closely aligned to Lyneborg’s fasciatus species-group.Published as part of Ferguson, David J., Lambkin, Christine L. & Yeates, David K., 2014, Eight new species of Australian stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from South East Queensland, pp. 553-582 in Zootaxa 3802 (4) on pages 558-560, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25070
Anabarhynchus ravenshoensis Ferguson, sp. n.
No full textAnabarhynchus ravenshoensis Ferguson sp. n. (Figures 20, 21, 22) Type material. Holotype: Male. AUSTRALIA: North Queensland: 13km W of Ravenshoe, Mt Garnet Rd. N. Qld., 2.v. 1967, D.H. Colless, (ANIC _ 29:017688) (ANIC). Condition: Pinned with micro pinned ventrally to pith block; end of abdomen removed for dissection post photography, good condition. Diagnosis: Lower frons raised upper frons flat with faint rugose-striation. Frons width at anterior ocellus 2.8 x ocellus. Mid frons with dark-brown marks angled towards upper frons near meeting at mid-line; lower frons setae arrange slightly wider than width of antenna base. Scutum grey toned pubescence with indistinct lines. Wing cell m 3 open. Postspiracular pile present; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile. Forefemur 1–2 pd, 2 pv, 1 av; mid-femur 1 pd, 1 pv, 1 av; hind femur 1 av; all femora with appressed pale pile, admix with sparse short black setae. Description. Male: Body length: 7.5mm. Wing length: 6mm. Head. Integument black. Frons flat, upper frons rugose-striated; frons width at anterior ocellus 2.8 x ocellus; ocellar tubercle flat; antennal base positioned low on frons, face and lower frons slightly protruding; parafacials and lower frons bright grey when viewed anterior dorsally; irregular squarish mark beside eye appearing brown when viewed anterodorsal, blackish-brown viewed anteriorly, indistinctly meeting along mid-line; frons setae in two rows, lower frons setae arrange slightly wider than width of antenna base; lower frons setae third length of scape. Scape length 1.86 x width; scape and pedicel grey, 1 st segment of flagellum brown with several short dark setae to basal dorsal third, flagellar style brown one third length of flagellum. Occiput convex with grey pubescence, several indistinct rows of black macrosetae 24 each side; postocciput area to gena grey with dense, long, pale, hair-like pile. Palpus pale yellow, sparsely supplies with pale hair like pile; labellum brown-grey, prementum without dark setae. Thorax. Integument black. Scutal chaetotaxy black (pairs): np, 4; sa, 2; pa, 1; dc, 2; sc, 2. Scutum with thin brown dorsal line within broader grey band, margined with indistinct brownish-grey line, beside pale grey line, irregular brownish-grey marks margin laterally raised grey areas pre and post-transverse suture; scutal surface with sparse short black setae. Postspiracular pile present; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile; pleuron and coxae with grey pubescence; coxa with elongate pale pile admixed with black macrosetae. Wing. Cell m 3 open; hyaline with brown tint, dark brown veins; stigma with brown infuscate margin; costal setae beyond humeral cross-vein biserially arranged. Haltere. Pedicel yellow-brown; scabellum dorsally yellow-brown, ventrally buff-white. Legs. Forefemur, 1–2 pd, 2 pv weak, 1 av; mid-femur 1 pd, 1 pv, 1 av; hind femur 1 av macrosetae; forefemur dark brown with apically ends pale brown; mid-femur basal half brown, apical end pale brown; hind femora basal two-thirds and dorsally dark brown, apical ventral third pale brown; all femora with appressed pale pile; admix with sparse short black setae; tibiae pale brown apically dark, first tarsomere similar to tibia remaining tarsomeres dark. Abdomen. Integument dark brown and yellow-brown; slightly compressed laterally; anterior bands mottled brown, anteriorly matte brown-grey, with weak appressed dark pile; tergites 2–7 posterolaterally bright grey with appressed pale pile; tergites 2–4 posterior marginal bands when viewed posteriorly are bright white, anteriorly grey; tergites 5–7 with black pile. Terminalia. Epandrium (Fig. 22 a), yellow-brown almost three times as wide as long slightly narrowing posteriorly. Gonocoxite (Fig. 22 b), yellow-brown, semi-spherical slightly wider than long when viewed ventrally; posterior ventral edge with broad narrow flange slightly ventrally directed. Joined along hypandrium. Gonocoxal apodeme long moderately sclerotised. Inner gonocoxal process longer than gonostylus, ventrally directed with several large strong setae mixed with weaker on apical inner ventral edge. Gonostylus dorsally directed with several weak setae on basal dorsal surface and inner middle ventral surface directed inward, apex rounded; ventral lobe absent. Aedeagus (Fig. 22 c, d): distiphallus strongly curved ventrally. Parameral sheath sclerotised. Dorsal apodeme of parameral sheath broadly triangular; inner apical end dorsally directed. Ventral apodeme narrow, apical end flared laterally. Lateral ejaculatory apodeme dorsally broad narrowing ventrally, band-like. Ejaculatory apodeme long, well beyond dorsal apodeme, cylindrical, apical end with lateral flanges. Female. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ ravenshoensis’ is derived from the geographic location Ravenshoe, Queensland near where the type specimen was collected. Comments. Described from a single male specimen collected in May west of Ravenshoe north Queensland. Keys to couplet 82 in Lyneborg (2001) and readily separated from A. gascoyne Lyneborg by having a grey scutum with indistinct lines; the fore femur with pv macrosetae and midfemur with 1 pd, 1 pv and 1 av macrosetae. Can be separated from A. tribulationensis sp. n., by the rouges striation to upper frons, the irregular squarish mark beside eye appearing brown when viewed anterodorsal; blackish-brown when viewed anteriorly and indistinctly meeting along mid-line. The lower frons setae arrange slightly wider than width of antenna base. Forefemur with 1 av and mid-femur with 1 pv. Closely related to both A. ewamin sp. n., and A. tribulationensis sp. n., and placed with the kroeberi speciesgroup. For femoral macrosetae differences within the kroeberi species-group see Table 1.Published as part of Ferguson, David J., Irwin, Michael E. & Yeates, David K., 2013, New species of Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from arid and monsoon tropical Australia, pp. 55-95 in Zootaxa 3680 (1) on pages 81-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3680.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/28403
Stakeholder research CoVE Water SA: CoVE Water SA the umbrella for all stakeholders
No full textThe water and sanitation sector faces well-documented issues that are challenging to address, leading to the establishment of the Platform of Vocational Excellence (PoVE) Water. This platform brings together five regional Centers of Vocational Excellence (CoVE) Water in Europe and South Africa to ensure high-quality skills and competencies in the water sector. These CoVEs facilitate collaboration among stakeholders, enabling the development of vocational education and training programs to increase awareness, responsiveness to industry needs, and address sector challenges. A few months ago, CoVE Water SA was established in South Africa to achieve the previously mentioned goals. Therefore, it is important that the following research question is answered in this initial set-up phase: What actions need to be taken to enhance the effectiveness of the CoVE Water SA? To answer this research question, several important stakeholders were interviewed. Subsequently, the interviews were analysed thematically in order to extract the most important themes and quotes, PI grids were created to assess power and interest dynamics among stakeholders, and a Social Network Analysis was conducted to understand the CoVE Water SA network and potential clusters.The research findings have unveiled key aspects for enhancing the effectiveness of CoVE Water SA. The current network in the water sector has a low density, implying that many collaborations are lacking. This leads to a high degree of interdependence within the network, resulting in a non dynamic system. The lack of collaborations, such as connections with TVET colleges, schools, farmers and local communities, results in a lack of knowledge, funding and connection to the labour market. Governmental stakeholders, like DWS, EWSeta, and BGCMA, have been identified as influential players with extensive networks and important resources, Local Authorities and Research Organizations also play important roles. Universities exhibit substantial international links, making them crucial contributors. These stakeholders have the potential to provide knowledge, collaboration, and power. These are valuable insights for CoVE Water SA, fostering network growth and effectiveness in the water sector. Furthermore, six key themes have been derived from the conducted interviews, addressing the needs of stakeholders and where CoVE can make a valuable contribution. These themes include raising awareness, reducing the skills gap in the water sector, fostering international collaborations, mitigating the labour shortage in the water sector, improving education material and establishing desired collaborations. For each theme, the interviewed stakeholders have presented their views and numerous suggestions on how CoVE Water SA can assist in addressing these issues. Additionally, stakeholders have also mentioned possible failures of CoVE Water SA, which can aid in preventing any shortcomings of the platform. Furthermore, stakeholders mentioned ongoing initiatives related to the six themes, through which they can contribute to the platform. From the Thematic Analysis, PI Grids and the SNA, a set of actions have emerged that are essential for enhancing the effectiveness of CoVE Water SA. These actions revolve around expanding and enhancing the network, organising activities and contributing to educational improvement. In terms of broadening and strengthening the network, the platform should focus on enhancing the collaborations among educational groups, building stronger relations with international institutions in Europe and Africa, involving TVETs and schools within the water network, improving stakeholder involvement and encouraging the involvement of Local Communities to increase awareness and knowledge about water issues. Furthermore, CoVE Water SA should play a role in organising activities to raise awareness of Water Resource Management. Additionally, it should assist in improving curricula, supporting students’ preparation for the workforce and making the education more practical instead of only theoretical. CoVE Water SA should also provide training and learning resources as well as comprehensive courses.However, this study recognizes several limitations that should be considered in future research and when implementing recommendations for CoVE Water SA. These limitations encompass factors like a limited scope due to resource and time constraints, minimal varied interviewee responses, and potential biases in responses. Addressing these limitations will be crucial in guiding future research and actions for CoVE Water SA.CEGM3000Civil Engineerin
Interview with Erica Jolly - teacher, author and founding member of SA Social Studies Teachers Association
No full textErica is a teacher and author who was a founding member of the SA Social Studies Teachers Association (contributing to its text books) and the SA History Teachers Association. She took her Masters in English Literature at Flinders University and taught in Girls and Boys Technical Colleges for 40 years. Erica's published works include a history of vocational education in South Australia from 1897 - 2001, We Came to Marion 1955 - 1995 (1995), A Broader Vision: Voices of Vocational Education in SA (2001), Challenging the Divide: Approaches to Science and Poetry (2010), and Making a Stand (2015)
Anabarhynchus doncollessi Ferguson, sp. n.
No full textAnabarhynchus doncollessi Ferguson sp. n. (Figures 2, 3, 4) Type material. Holotype: Male. AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Cooper Creek, 11km SW Nimbuwah Rock, 3 June 1973, D.H. Colless (ANIC _ 29:028777) (ANIC). Condition: Pinned dorsally with stainless steel pin, hind right leg missing, end of abdomen removed for dissection after photography, condition reasonable. Diagnosis. Frons flat, with bright grey pubescence. Frontal setae in two rows; black pubescence between the rows of setae on upper frons. Male frons width at anterior ocellus 2.6 x ocellus. Scutum matte black with a pair of grey stripes. Wing cell m 3 open. Postspiracular pile present; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile. Forefemur 1 pd; hind femur 1 av. All femora black with appressed pale pile, ventral surface pile short and erect; admix with sparse short black setae predominantly on dorsal apical surface; fore tibia blackish-brown, middle and hind tibia brown. The ventromedial plane of the gonocoxite with tuft of long pale pile. Description. Male: Body length: 8mm. Wing length: 7mm. Head. Integument black. Lower frons slightly raised, upper frons flat; frons width at anterior ocellus 2.6 x ocellus; ocellar tubercle flat; antennal base positioned low on frons (Fig 1 b), face and lower frons protruding; parafacials bright grey; frons bright grey with areas of light redirecting pubescence appearing black between lines of setae; frontal setae strong of uneven lengths in two distinct narrow rows reaching lower frons; viewed anterodorsal the area between rows of setae at upper frons is black, mid and lower frons is bright grey; a grey marking at antenna base and lower frons vanish when viewed anteriorly; longest setae two thirds length of scape; scape length 2.3 x width, scape and pedicel grey, 1 st segment of flagellum dark brown with short black setae circumference basal third, flagellar style black one fifth length of flagellum; occiput convex bright-grey becoming dark-grey when viewed at angle, several indistinct rows of black macrosetae, 20 setae on each side; postocciput area to gena grey, with long, white, hair-like pile; ventral corner of eye with swelling. Palpus dark grey, with hair-like pale pile; labellum dark brown, prementum setae black. Thorax. Integument black. Scutal chaetotaxy black (pairs): np, 3; sa, 2; pa, 1; dc, 2; sc, 2. Scutum with a pair of mid-dorsal bright grey stripes on matte black ground colour; scutal surface with short appressed pale pile. Postspiracular pile present; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile; pleuron and coxae with thick pubescence; pleuron viewed dorsally appears grey, ventrally black, posteriorly dark grey, anteriorly grey with pair shiny black bands to anterior surface of anepisternum /katepisternum and anepimeron/meron; elongate pale hair-like pile on coxae admixed with black macrosetae. Wing. Cell m 3 open; hyaline with silver grey tint, dark brown veins; light brown infuscate along veins to apical half; stigma brown. Costal setae beyond humeral cross-vein biserially arranged. Haltere. Pedicel brown; scabellum buff-white. Legs. Forefemur with 1 pd; hind femur 1-2 av macrosetae; all femora blackish-brown with bright grey pubescence; all femora with appressed pale pile, ventral surface pile short and erect; admix with sparse short black setae predominantly to dorsal apical surface; foretibia blackish-brown, middle and hind tibiae brown darkening apically. Abdomen. Integument dark brown. Laterally compressed; anterior bands when viewed posteriorly appear matte black, viewed anteriorly appear dark brown, with dense supply of dark pile; tergites 2-3 posterolaterally bright grey pubescence with hair-like pale pile, posterior margins of tergites 2-3 bright white; tergite 5 with lateral grey patches; sternites generally similar to tergites, posterior margin of sternite 4 pale brown. Terminalia. Epandrium (Fig. 4 a), one and half times wider than long, narrowing posteriorly; dark brown with grey pubescence, distributed evenly with pale setae. Gonocoxite (Fig. 4 b), dark brown with long pale setae; slightly onion shaped when viewed ventrally, posterior ventral edge with a broad and long thinly sclerotized lobelike outer gonocoxal process with many short strong black setae admixed with weak hair-like pile on posterior edge. Ventromedial plane of the gonocoxite with tuft of long, pale pile from raised sclerite. Gonocoxites joined by the hypandrium and fused along short length of the ventral medial plane. Gonocoxal apodeme short and darkly sclerotised. Inner gonocoxal process curved slightly inward, with inner edge flared along length. Gonostylus, curved dorsally with apical rounded; elongate setae directed inward on inner surface; ventral lobe small and triangular. Aedeagus (Fig. 4 c, d): distiphallus anteroventrally directed, moderately long. Parameral sheath darkly sclerotised; apical dorsal projections of the aedeagal sheath directed posterodorsally. Ventral apodeme narrow, flaring apically. Lateral ejaculatory apodeme weakly sclerotised, narrow, band-like. Ejaculatory apodeme long, extending anteriorly well beyond dorsal apodeme, with long lateral flanges widest at apex, with sub-apical dark band. Female. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived to honor the late Dr. Donald H. Colless, systematic dipterist at the Australian National Insect Collection from 1960 until 1987, and Honorary Fellow in ANIC from 1987 until 2012. Comments. Described from a single male specimens collected by Don Colless, from near Nimbbuwah Rock the Northern Territory, in June. The frons setae, laterally compressed abdomen, ventrally fused gonocoxitesplace A. doncollessi sp. n., within the ocypteraeformis species-group. Keys to couplet 75 in Lyneborg (2001); readily separated from A. ocypteraeformis Lyneborg and A. striatifrons Lyneborg by the pubescence of the frons and infuscate colour of the wing. The distinctive swelling on the ventral corner of eye is found in the two existing species of the ocypteraeformis species-group i.e., A. ocypteraeformis and A. striatifrons, as well as in A. doncollessi sp. n., and A. lyneborgi sp. n., described in this paper. It is also found in a small subset of other Anabarhynchus species. A similar structure is found in Johnmannia Irwin & Lyneborg (Lambkin, et al. 2005). Swelling along the ventral corner of the eye occurs in species of the argenteus, atrifemoratus, bigoti, dimidiatus, fasciatus, flavus, kroeberi and maritimus speciesgroups and A. queenslandensis Lyneborg, of the fasciatus species-group. However, the majority of Anabarhynchus species do not have swelling at the ventral corner of the eye.Published as part of Ferguson, David J., Irwin, Michael E. & Yeates, David K., 2013, New species of Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from arid and monsoon tropical Australia, pp. 55-95 in Zootaxa 3680 (1) on pages 57-61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3680.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/28403
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