4 research outputs found
Vitamin D status among patients visiting a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective review of 3475 cases
No full textBackground: Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in several chronic, non-communicable diseases independent of its conventional role in bone and calcium homeostasis. In this retrospective study, we determined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association to several cardiometabolic indices among patients visiting King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods. A total of 3475 charts of out-patient subjects who visited KAMC from September 2009 until December 2010 were reviewed and included. Variables of interest included measurements of vitamin D status, glycemic and renal profile, as well as trace elements (calcium and phosphorous). Results: The over-all prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the cohort studied was 78.1percent in females and 72.4percent in males. 25(OH) vitamin D was significantly associated with increasing age and weight (p-values 0.0001 and 0.005, respectively). It was also positively associated with albumin, calcium and phosphorous (p-values 0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.0007, respectively) and negatively associated with alkaline phosphatase as well as circulating levels of PTH (p-values 0.0002 and 0.0007, respectively). Conclusion: In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is overwhelmingly common among patients seen at KAMC regardless of the medical condition, and it is significantly associated with increasing age, weight and markers of calcium homeostasis. Findings of the present study further stress the spotlight on vitamin D deficiency epidemic in the country and region in general. © 2014 Alfawaz et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.Abiaka Clifford, 2013, Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J, V13, P224; Al-Daghri NM, 2013, MOLECULES, V18, P10671, DOI 10.3390-molecules180910671; Al-Daghri NM, 2012, CLIN ENDOCRINOL, V76, P346, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2265.2011.04219.x; Al-Daghri NM, 2010, SAUDI MED J, V31, P775; Al-Daghri NM, 2012, CARDIOVASC DIABETOL, V11, DOI 10.1186-1475-2840-11-85; Al-Elq A, 2009, SAUDI MED J, V301, P542; Al-Saleh Y, 2013, HORM METAB RES, V45, P43, DOI 10.1055-s-0032-1323679; Al-Turki HA, 2008, SAUDI MED J, V29, P1765; Ardawi MSM, 2012, OSTEOPOROSIS INT, V23, P675, DOI 10.1007-s00198-011-1606-1; Ardawi MSM, 2011, OSTEOPOROSIS INT, V22, P463, DOI 10.1007-s00198-010-1249-7; Arunabh S, 2003, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V88, P157, DOI 10.1210-jc.2002-020978; Bentli R, 2013, INT J ENDOCRINOL, DOI 10.1155-2013-237869; Chiu KC, 2004, AM J CLIN NUTR, V79, P820; Cumming RG, 1997, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V145, P926; Dastani Z, 2013, J BONE MINER RES; Elsammak MY, 2010, HORM METAB RES, V42, P364, DOI 10.1055-s-0030-1248296; Elzubier AG, 1997, WORLD HEALTH FORUM, V18, P73; EPSTEIN S, 1986, J BONE MINER RES, V1, P181; Ford ES, 2005, DIABETES CARE, V28, P1228, DOI 10.2337-diacare.28.5.1228; Forman JP, 2005, HYPERTENSION, V46, P676, DOI 10.1161-01.HYP.0000182662.82666.37; Fuleihan GEH, 2001, PEDIATRICS, V107, DOI 10.1542-peds.107.4.e53; Garland CF, 2007, J STEROID BIOCHEM, V103, P708, DOI 10.1016-j.jsbmb.2006.12.007; Grant W. B., 2009, DERMATOENDOCRINOL, V1, P1; Grant WB, 2006, PROG BIOPHYS MOL BIO, V92, P65, DOI 10.1016-j.pbiomolbio.2006.02.013; Grant William B, 2009, Dermatoendocrinol, V1, P25; Gupta AK, 2011, DIABETES CARE, V34, P658, DOI 10.2337-dc10-1829; Hasehmipour S, 2004, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V4, P38; Hidayat Rudy, 2010, Acta Med Indones, V42, P123; Hypponen E, 2001, LANCET, V358, P1500, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(01)06580-1; Jorde R, 2000, AM J CLIN NUTR, V71, P1530; Kienreich K, 2013, NUTRIENTS, V5, P3005, DOI 10.3390-nu5083005; Konradsen S, 2008, EUR J NUTR, V47, P87, DOI 10.1007-s00394-008-0700-4; Krause R, 1998, LANCET, V352, P709, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(05)60827-6; LIND L, 1995, AM J HYPERTENS, V8, P894, DOI 10.1016-0895-7061(95)00154-H; Macdonald HM, 2008, BONE, V42, P996, DOI 10.1016-j.bone.2008.01.011; Marwaha RK, 2005, AM J CLIN NUTR; Mcgill AT, 2008, NUTR J, V7, P1; McGrath JJ, 2001, MED J AUSTRALIA, V174, P150; Munger KL, 2006, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V296, P2832, DOI 10.1001-jama.296.23.2832; Need AG, 2005, CLIN ENDOCRINOL, V62, P738, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2265.2005.02288.x; Nesby-O'Dell S, 2002, AM J CLIN NUTR, V76, P187; Parikh SJ, 2004, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V89, P1196, DOI 10.1210-jc.2003-031398; Pfeifer M, 2001, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V86, P1633, DOI 10.1210-jc.86.4.1633; Pittas G, 2007, J CLIN ENDOCRINOLOGY, V92, P2017; Rucker D, 2002, CAN MED ASSOC J, V166, P1517; Sadat-Ali M, 2009, ANN SAUDI MED, V29, P378; Scragg R, 2004, DIABETES CARE, V27, P2813, DOI 10.2337-diacare.27.12.2813; SEDRANI SH, 1983, AM J CLIN NUTR, V38, P129; SEDRANI SH, 1984, ANN NUTR METAB, V28, P181, DOI 10.1159-000176801; Shi H, 2001, FASEB J, V15, P2751, DOI 10.1096-fj.01-0584fje; Shi H, 2002, FASEB J, V16, P1808, DOI 10.1096-fj.02-0255fje; SOWERS MFR, 1988, AM J CLIN NUTR, V48, P1053; Wang TJ, 2008, CIRCULATION, V1171
Successful cataract surgery in a patient with refractory Wegener’s granulomatosis effectively treated with rituximab: A case report
No full textAbstractWegener’s granulomatosis is a granulomatous disorder associated with systemic necrotizing vasculitis. Eye involvement occurs in approximately 50% of Wegener’s granulomatosis patients and is an important cause of morbidity. Conventional treatment-related morbidity and failure have led to studies of alternative treatment modalities. In this case of a 35-year-old man with severe Wegener’s granulomatosis, conventional therapy failed to induce remission. Despite the standard immunosuppressive therapy, progression of the disease was observed, mainly with ocular manifestations and renal impairment. Rituximab was given intravenously and led to remission of both systemic and ocular manifestations of the disease. After 1year of disease quiescence, he was admitted one week after his third regularly-scheduled rituximab treatment and was started on intravenous methylprednisolone, 500mg/day for 3days, before cataract surgery. Subsequently, the patient underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery in his left eye. Six months later, in the same manner he underwent uneventful phacoemulsification cataract surgery in the right eye with a favorable outcome in both eyes. Conclusion: In this patient, rituximab was a well-tolerated and effective remission induction agent for severe refractory Wegener’s granulomatosis and led to successful cataract surgery
MAJOR CLINICAL ASPECTS OF G6PD DEFICIENCY, CHALLENGES IN MANAGEMENT
No full textThe pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medication-use implications of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common enzyme deficiency in humans, are reviewed. We performed detailed search through electronic databases; PubMed, and EMBASE, for studies published in English language and human subjects thought instant to 2018. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a hereditary disorder that happens virtually solely in males. This problem mainly impacts red cell, which lug oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body. In affected people, a problem in an enzyme called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase causes red blood cells to break down prematurely. This destruction of red cell is called hemolysis. If transformations in the G6PD genetics decrease the quantity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase or change its structure, this enzyme can no more play its safety function. As a result, reactive oxygen species can build up and harm red blood cells
Serum cortisol as a predictor of major adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19
Get PDFBackgroundSeveral biomarkers were found to predict the severity and outcome of COVID-19 infection.AimsTo determine the serum cortisol response in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its correlation with disease outcomes.Methods A prospective study among confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 18 years old and above. Morning cortisol levels were measured within 24 hours of admission. Relationship between cortisol levels and outcomes (intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation, and death) were analysed.Results A total of 206 patients positive for COVID-19 (mean age of 53.6±15.2 years) were included in the study. Mortality was recorded in 21 (30.4 per cent) patients with cortisol levels of ≥570nmol/L, 6 (8.8 per cent) among patients with 181–569nmol/L cortisol level, and 8 (11.6 per cent) among patients with ≤180nmol/L cortisol. Patients with cortisol levels of ≥570nmol/L were more likely to be admitted to the ICU, be intubated and longer hospital stay. Serum cortisol and ferritin levels were the most significant predictors of mortality. ConclusionOn admission, the morning cortisol level was predictive of mortality, ICU admission, intubation, and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19 and may be listed as an independent predictor for worse outcomes of COVID-19 infection
