1,236 research outputs found
Inhibition of histone deacetylase 3 via RGFP966 facilitates unusually accurate cue memory for excitatory and inhibitory cue-reward associations
No full textEpigenetic mechanisms are key for regulating long-term memory (LTM) and are known to exert control on memory formation in multiple systems of the adult brain, including the sensory cortex. One epigenetic mechanism is chromatin modification by histone acetylation. Blocking the action of histone de-acetylases (HDACs) that normally negatively regulate LTM usually by repressing transcription, has been shown to enable memory formation. Indeed, HDAC inhibition appears to facilitate memory by altering the dynamics of gene expression events for consolidation, however less understood is how molecular-level consolidation processes alter subsequent memory for enhanced storage or retrieval. Here we used a sensory perspective to investigate from a behavioral-level whether the characteristics of memory formed with HDAC inhibitors are different from naturally-formed memory. One possibility is that HDAC-inhibition enables memory to form with greater sensory detail than normal. Because the auditory system undergoes learning-induced remodeling that provides substrates for sound-specific LTM, we aimed to identify behavioral effects of HDAC-inhibition on memory for specific sound features using a standard model of auditory associative cue-reward learning. We found that three systemic post-training treatments of an HDAC3-inhibitor (RGPF966, Abcam Inc.) in rats in the early phase of training facilitated auditory discriminative learning, and increased the specificity for acoustic frequency formed in memory of both excitatory (CS+) and inhibitory (CS-) associations for at least 2 weeks. The findings support that epigenetic mechanisms act on the sensory acuity and precision of memory, which can be revealed by studying the sensory aspects of long-term associative memory formation with HDAC inhibitors
Does corruption relieve foreign investors of the burden of taxes and capital controls?
No full textIn a sample of fourteen source countries making bilateral investments in forty five countries, the author finds that taxes, capital controls, and corruption, all have large, statistically significant negative effects on foreign investment. Moreover, there is no robust support in the data for the"efficient grease"hypothesis - that corruption helps attract foreign investment by reducing firms'tax burden and the irritant of capital controls.International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Capital Markets and Capital Flows,Decentralization,Fiscal&Monetary Policy,Economic Theory&Research,Economic Theory&Research,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Governance Indicators,National Governance,Capital Flows
Liberation As Affirmation: The Religiosity of Zhuangzi And Nietzsche
No full textIn this book, author Ge Ling Shang provides a systematic comparison of original texts by Zhuangzi (fourth century BCE) and Nietzsche (1846–1900), under the rubric of religiosity, to challenge those who have customarily relegated both thinkers to relativism, nihilism, escapism, pessimism, or anti-religion. Shang closely examines Zhuangzi’s and Nietzsche’s respective critiques of metaphysics, morals, language, knowledge, and humanity in general and proposes a conception of the philosophical outlooks of Zhuangzi and Nietzsche as complementary. In the creative and vital spirit of Nietzsche, as in the tranquil and inward spirit of Zhuangzi, Shang argues that a surprisingly similar vision and aspiration toward human liberation and freedom exists—one in which spiritual transformation is possible by religiously affirming life in this world as sacred and divine.https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/philosophy_books/1000/thumbnail.jp
Han dai Gu wen shang shu jing zi yan jiu
No full textBased on these fragments, this dissertation first makes an attempt to clarify the issues involving the Gu Wen Shang Shu that was discovered in the Kong's wall, as reported in various documents of the Han Dynasty. It then proceeds to discuss the characteristics and the origins of the "archaic scripts" in the Shuo-wen Jie-zi and the Stone Classics in Three Scripts of the Wei Dynasty, as these two texts and the script of Gu Wen Shang Shu are closely related.Finally, by examining the discrepancies between the quotations of the Shang Shu in the Shuo-wen Jie-zi and the version of Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan, this dissertation constructs the argument that such discrepancies are perhaps the result of the interpretative replacement of characters which was, after all, a common method of teaching employed by gu wen scholars of the Eastern Han.It further deals with the argument of the "li-shu" transliteration (li gu ding), and through a detailed analysis of the expressions and terms used in the text, it expounds the view that the li-shu transliteration of the Gu Wen Shang Shu was non-existent in the Han Dynasty, let alone a so called li-shu transliterated version.Seeking to challenge this viewpoint, the author of this dissertation has made a close examination of the Gu Wen Shang Shu and has discovered that it was actually written in "li-shu", rather than in archaic script. Through a survey of relevant philological issues, the arguments are presented in this dissertation.The controversy surrounding the opposition between the archaic and vernacular scripts (jin gu wen) of the Han Dynasty is one of the most complex issues in Chinese philology. Scholars have yet to come to a consensus on which script the Gu Wen Shang Shu (The Book of History Written in Archaic Script) was written. For a long time, a popular view has been that the difference between "jin wen" (vernacular script: li-shu) and "gu wen" (archaic script) lies in the types of script used, as the so-called Gu Wen Shang Shu is believed to have been written in archaic script.The issue of script of Gu Wen Shang Shu has been a significant topic in Chinese philology. Moreover, the controversy over the archaic script and the contemporary script of the Han Dynasty is very much about the Shang Shu. An understanding of this issue is crucial in resolving problems confronting other archaic texts.Though the original text of the Gu Wen Shang Shu is no longer extant, there are a few surviving fragments in the quotations of the Shang Shu in the Shuo-wen Jie-zi, the "archaic scripts" in the Stone Classics in Three Scripts (San-ti Shi-jing), the "li-shu" transliteration (li gu ding) of the Shang Shu and the quotations of the Gu Wen Shang Shu of Ma Bong and Zheng Xuan in the Jin-dian Shi-wen.蘇春暉.論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2007.參考文獻(p. i-xvi).Adviser: Chan Hung Kan.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-01, Section: A, page: 0198.Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.Abstracts in Chinese and English.School code: 1307.Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2007.Can kao wen xian (p. i-xvi).Su Chunhui
Wan Shang dou cheng de ren kou, zu qun yu di fang guan li
No full textM.Phil.The Shang Dynasty has already been studied though various perspective in scholarship, but owing to the sparodic information in archaeological records, the Shang’s state system, population, and management system have not yet been intensively investigated. This M.Phil thesis integrated transmitted texts, oracle bone scripts, and archaeological descoveries in order to develop a synthetical analysis for enhancing the understanding of issues mentioned above.This article is divided into 4 parts: The first part is Introduction. In Introduction, keywords and concepts related to this research would be explained. Then issues in previous research would be illustrated, thus bringing out the significance of the research. Also, the research approach and methods used in the article would be explained.Second part in this article includes from Chapter 2 to Chapter 5. Political geography, population size and ethnic organization in late Shang Dynasty would be discussed. Firstly, layout and functionality of late Shang cities would be restored by re-examining archaeological materials. Secondly, late Shang population would be investigated by appling demographic methods based upon cemetery published before. Lastly, the organization of “zhu” communities in late Shang would be illustrated through observation of housing sites, oracle bone scripts, and even the clan-emblems on bronzes.The third part is Chapter 5. Based on the discussion of the previous chapters, the chapter comprehensively examined late Shang Dynasty cities, population and ethnic organizaions’composition, following up with a synthetical discussion on the management system in the late Shang Dynasty.The forth part is Conclusion, which summarized the main discussion and viewpoint mentioned in this research.Through this study, we suggested that the management of cities and local organizations in late Shang might be different from the conclusions proposed in the past. The management system might have witnessed a significant change during late Shang. The political system of the late Shang state might be complex and rigorous, and the composition of local organizations might also be very diverse, which is different from the consensus made by academic circles that late Shang society highly relies on consanguinity. This study further suggests that a strengthen early dynasty might not be sustained only by core organizations’ abilities, maintaining a coexistence between the dynasty and indigenous might be a key to sustain.以往對商代研究的成果雖然非常豐富，但仍在存不少值得再探討的地方，當中，以晚商時期的國家體制、人口族群和管理制度還有較大爭議。本論文結合傳世文獻、卜辭與考古材料，嘗試對以上問題進行分析與整合。本文分為四個部分：第一部分是緒論。緒論對本文題目的關鍵詞及概念進行釋義，並指出以往相關研究仍存在不足之處，帶出本研究的意義，以及對本文所使用之研究手法及思路進行說明。第二部分包括第二章至第四章，對晚商時期商人政治地理、人口規模、族群組織方式進行探討。首先，本文通過整合考古材料，還原晚商都城的佈局及功能性。其次，透過人口學公式，嘗試從墓葬材料復原晚商時總體人口規模情況。最後，本文對房址、卜辭乃至族徽進行研究，對晚商族群的組織情況進行探討。第三部分為第五章，在前三章討論的基礎上，綜合考察晚商都城、人口與族群構成情況，進而對晚商時期的國家政治地理景觀、人口及族群的構成管理系統進行探討。第四部分是結語，對本文的主要論述及觀點進行總結。最後本研究指出，晚商的都城及地方組織管理方式，可能與以往學界所提出的結論有所不同。商王對於地方的管理模式，在晚商時可能迎來轉變，晚商的國家體制複雜且嚴謹，地方組織的構成方式亦富有多樣性，並非如學界主流所認為需要高度依賴血緣關係才能使社會及國家有效運作。本研究更進一步地指出一個強大的早期國家，單靠核心組織力量並不足以長久維持，關鍵可能在於王朝與土著共存的方式是否有效。何俊謙."2019年9月".Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2019.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-192).Abstracts in Chinese and English.Title from PDF title page (viewed on February 22, 2022).He Junqian
The Ancient Chinese Concepts of Shang 商 and Gu 賈 : Their Meaning and Historical Background
No full textIt has popularly been understood that the characters shang 商 and gu 賈 which express ideas of commerce and merchants can be separated in meaning such that shang refers to itinerant merchants (xingshang 行商) and gu refers to stationary merchants or shopkeepers (zuogu 坐賈). However, they cannot be restricted to these meanings. They were at times used interchangeably, and each author had a particular tendency in their usage. Moreover, in the Qin and Han periods, the words gu and guren 賈人 were technical terms used in legal documents to indicate commerce and merchants respectively. Without regard to this actual situation in his own time, Ban Gu 班固. in the Commerce chapter of his work "Explanations of the White Tiger Palace." asserted that shang meant "moving" (xing 行) and gu meant "stationary" (zhi 止). This was because he only considered the description recorded in the Zuozhuan and the Zhouli. His commerce chapter was written with the intention of showing that the Old Text Theory was superior to the competing New Text Theory. At the end of the Later Han, the idea that shang meant "itinerant" and gu meant "stationary" became an established theory due to the work of Zheng Xuan 鄭玄. Nevertheless, this distinction was not strictly followed even in later periods. In these periods, technical terms in legal documents indicating merchants changed from shanggu 商賈 in the Wei and Jin to just Shang in the Six Dynasty period. This latter term was then inherited by the Sui and Tang
Hu lian wang luo shang de beng ta xing wei
No full textCheung, Wing Kai = 互連網絡上的崩塌行為 / 張永佳.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-99).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 14, September, 2016).Cheung, Wing Kai = Hu lian wang luo shang de beng ta xing wei / Zhang Yongjia
Weapons in Late Shang (c.1250-1050 BCE): China beyond typology and ritual
No full textWeapons in Late Shang (c.1250-1050 BCE) China explores the large quantities of bronze and jade weapons, such as dagger-axes, spears and arrows, found at the World Heritage site of Yinxu, the late Shang capital located near today’s Anyang city in central China
Qin Cao’s innovative research presents new insights into these weapons, moving beyond perceptions of them being primarily symbols of power and rank. It further challenges the dominant interpretations of this Chinese Bronze Age period as being ritual-centric. Through the lens of weapons, this book argues for the significance of martial prowess and leadership within late Shang society. The author considers Shang weapons from an object biographical perspective, tracing their life histories for the first time. This book synthesises archaeological data, scientific analyses, and inscriptions on oracle bones and bronzes, uncovering a more nuanced understanding of the complex roles weapons played in society. What traces of evidence can be detected on weapons that demonstrate their ability to cause bodily harm? Why were tens of thousands of weapons placed in tombs? What led to certain individuals, including high-ranking royal females, being buried with weapons?
This book will of interest to academics, students (both undergraduates and postgraduates) and researchers in archaeology, particularly those focused on China, East Asia or comparative studies, as well as a more general readership in Chinese archaeolog
Weapons in Late Shang (c.1250-1050 BCE) China Beyond Typology and Ritual
No full textWeapons in Late Shang (c.1250-1050 BCE) China: Beyond Typology and Ritual explores the large quantities of bronze and jade weapons, such as dagger-axes, spears and arrows, found at the World Heritage site of Yinxu, the late Shang capital located near today’s Anyang city in central China.
Qin Cao’s innovative research presents new insights into these weapons, moving beyond perceptions of them being primarily symbols of power and rank. Through the lens of weapons, this book argues for the significance of martial prowess and leadership within late Shang society. The author considers Shang weapons from an object biographical perspective, tracing their life histories for the first time. This book synthesises archaeological data, scientific analyses, and inscriptions on oracle bones and bronzes, uncovering a more nuanced understanding of the complex roles weapons played in society. What traces of evidence can be detected on weapons that demonstrate their ability to cause bodily harm? Why were tens of thousands of weapons placed in tombs? What led to certain individuals, including high-ranking royal females, being buried with weapons?
This book will be of interest to academics, students (both undergraduates and postgraduates), and researchers in archaeology, particularly those focused on China, East Asia, or comparative studies, as well as a more general readership in Chinese archaeology
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