1,720,972 research outputs found
It ain’t what you do, it’s the way that you do it! The meanings which can be attributed to leisure: a review of the literature
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Geocaching with a hidden disability – A single case study
No full textA case study about an adult called “P” who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Autism and Sensory Processing Disorder, and his carer who go caching together
The value placed upon the facets that contribute to meaningful leisure by activity co-ordinators
No full textPurpose: to establish the value placed on the facets that contribute to a meaningful leisure occupation for the residents of a residential care facility by the staff that care for them.Design/methodology/approach: this was a service evaluation using a self-reported questionnaire, completed by 6 Activity Co-ordinators from the home of 158 Individuals with a wide range of neuropalliative conditions.Findings: the cultural/ historical components, the built and social environment, learning, life satisfaction and goal orientation were reported as the least valued facets, which make up a leisure occupation. The staff did however; value the sense of health and capability, purpose, the feeling of being fully human and the sense of belonging that comes about through leisure. They also valued preventing boredom, opportunities for self-expression, creativity, achievement and control. Additionally they valued opportunities to gain a clear sense of the rhythm of life, of self-identity, choice of occupation and engagement in the occupation. Research limitations/implications: the findings highlight a variance between the perceptions of staff members who deal with the day-to-day leisure opportunities and decisions of the residents, and the literature of Occupational Science about what makes an occupation meaningful, and therefore is worthy of consideration when planning a leisure occupation. Practical implications: personalised care requires consideration of the individual’s cultural & historical background, the environment surrounding the occupation, opportunities for social interaction, individual learning, life satisfaction and goal orientation when organising leisure opportunities. These facets are stressed because the participants undervalued them.Originality/value: the context of this article is a subset of individuals with neurological disabilities who experience profound disabilities, and the attitudes of staff to their leisure lifestyle<br/
Why leisure occupations are a necessary, meaningful and therapeutic use of free time for individuals with complex neurological disabilities
No full textThis literature review seeks to bridge occupational science, positive psychology, and therapeutic recreation literature in order to highlight how vital a sense of identity and meaningfulness is to well-being and Quality of Life. This article describes the facets of leisure occupations, which make them truly meaningful to enrich the leisure experiences of profoundly disabled people in order to assist them to achieve a meaningful, satisfying and balanced leisure lifestyle, which is unique to the individual. The occupations should include elements of choice and curiosity, opportunities for achievement and creativity and prevent boredom. Opportunities for relationships and self-identity contribute to a sense of humanity and a sense of belonging
The influence of sensory stimulation on leisure engagement by individuals with neuropalliative conditions
No full textThis article describes a multiple, single-case design study and uses an occupational science focus to explore engagement with a filmshow and an "Interactive Video" installation by participants with neuropalliative conditions. Data was collected using the Individual Child Engagement Record with 14 participants (who had Barthel scores averaging 7/100). The time-sampled observations of engagement showed a significant difference between the scores for the control condition, engagement in a passive spectator role at a filmshow and engagement in a potentially active role at an "Interactive Video" session. The Control condition involved doing nothing in a room with very limited sensory stimulation. The Passive video projection involved a group of residents watching a filmshow of their choosing, on a large screen in a cinema like atmosphere. The potentially active "Interactive Video" installation combined video and motion detection to enable participants to influence the projection, giving the sense that they are moving through the artwork and therefore part of it. The results showed a difference in the participants’ engagement across the cases. Therefore, passive film watching role appears to be less engaging while the potentially active role offered by the "Interactive Video" installation appears to offer an engaging use of free time for participants with neuropalliative condition
A study of engagement in casual leisure occupations by individuals who are living with neuropalliative conditions
No full textPurpose. This study explored the following research questions:1. What are the normal and sensory-overloaded behaviours exhibited by adults living with neuropalliative conditions?2. How does engagement in casual leisure alter with different levels of sensory attributes? It did this to determine whether there might be an approximate optimal level of sensory attributes that maximises occupational-engagement while minimising the potential for sensory-overload. The aim therefore was to create an occupational environment that participants could handle competently and enjoyably. This sensory threshold can only be approximate, since each individual has unique sensory preferences, interests and experience.Method. The preliminary study involved a structured interview with a Residence Manager in order explore the normal and sensory-overloaded behaviours exhibited by nine adults living with neuropalliative conditions. The second study built upon this by conducting a multiple, case quasi experimental study involving marginal-participant time-sampled observations of engagement of individuals with neuropalliative conditions, with casual leisure occupations using the Individual Child Engagement Record. This study investigated whether engagement occupations alters with different levels of sensory attributes. Observations were made of 14 participants engaging in eight cases, who experienced profound levels of disability, each case differed (as part of the replication logic) by having different levels of sensory attributes.Results. Analysis suggests that the symptoms of sensory-overload may be experienced by adults living with neuropalliative conditions. The effects of sensory-overload appears similar to definitions of a passive state (of engagement or non-engagement). The thesis therefore presents the linkage between passive engagement/ passive non-engagement and an individual's behaviour when experiencing sensory-overload, hopefully leading to increased vigilance and therefore avoidance. Furthermore, engagement was shown to alter with a combination of different levels of sensory and non sensory attributes, including supporter facilitation and with the potential for active participation. These contextual factors are proposed to pertain to the individual, the occupation itself, and to the physical and social environment; the role offered or level of support available. Therefore, enhancing active leisure engagement requires consideration of the occupation, the individual and their sensory preferences and the occupational environment. Conclusions. Despite the reporting of sensory-overload symptoms by the participant of the preliminary study, the results showed that the anticipated reduction in engagement at the higher levels of sensory attributes (given the effects of sensory-overload) did not occur. In fact, engagement with leisure occupations appeared to increase as the sensory attributes levels increase, with larger differences in engagement level occurring where there are larger differences in the combined level of sensory attributes involved, a range of factors in the occupational context, are suggested to influence engagement, some of which pertain to the individual, the occupation and the environment. Clinical Messages. The role of the leisure supporter was suggested to include adapting leisure to fit the person, including offering the choice of what, when, where, with whom and how to "do" their leisure occupations, including offering active participation and a sense of choice.<br/
Interactive drama in complex neurological disability management
No full textPurpose. To establish whether interactive drama has any effect on the responses of people with complex neurological disabilities resident in a long term care facility. Method. This was a service evaluation using interviews with a group of 31 independently consenting long term care residents, and 27 staff, and observations of engagement of 74 residents involved in an Interactive Drama Project (92.4% of those who had the opportunity to participate). Results. Twenty five (81%) of the 31 residents interviewed reported a new atmosphere of community spirit, 29 (93%) enjoyed the rehearsals, 28 (90.5%) reported a state of 'flow' and 17 (54.6%) a perception of achievement. Fifteen (55.7%) of the 27 staff who completed questionnaires felt that the project had had a positive effect on staff-resident relationship. Twenty (64.4%) residents and 14 (51.7%) staff reported learning something new about others. Conclusions. The majority of participants with complex neurological disabilities were able to engage with interactive drama for some of the time. Therefore interactive drama offered residents opportunities for enjoyment, achievement, challenge and experiencing meaningful occupations
Inspiring transformations through participation in drama for individuals with neuropalliative conditions
No full textPurpose: The aim of the service evaluation was to use an occupational science focus to describe the effects of drama with variable levels of sensory content and a potentially active, rather than a passive, participant role on engagement by individuals with neuropalliative conditions.Method: The service evaluation involved time sampled observations of engagement during a single session for each of the fourteen participants during a passive spectator role in the audience at a live drama, a potentially active interactive performance and a control condition.Results: The observations of engagement showed a significant difference between the engagement scores for the control condition and the drama.Conclusions: Whilst drama appears to be satisfying their engagement it depends on the role offered to them (e.g. potentially active versus passive), on the level of sensory stimulation offered and on the supporter to participant ratio available to facilitate their engagement.<br/
Aquatic leisure satisfaction and engagement in neuropalliative disability management
No full textThis article describes a single-case design study and uses an occupational science focus to explore the effects of ‘Aquability’ as perceived by participants with neuropalliative conditions. Data collection tools include the Individual Child Engagement Record and the adapted Leisure Satisfaction Scale – short form by 14 participants (who had Barthel scores averaging 7/100). The time-sampled observations of engagement showed a significant difference between the scores for the control condition and the ‘Aquability’ sessions. The participants reported being in control, learning about themselves or others and feeling healthier after a session. They reported experiencing a sense of achievement and novelty, which was interesting and enjoyable. ‘Aquability’ appears to be a satisfying use of free time for participants with neuropalliative conditions
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