305 research outputs found
New and emended species of Jurassic planktonic foraminifera
No full textTwo Jurassic planktonic genera are emended and two new species and one subspecies of Jurassic planktonic foraminifera are defined. The genera are Globuligerina Bignot and Guyader 1971 and Conoglobigerina Morozova 1961 and the two new species are Globuligerina tojeiraensis Gradstein and Conoglobigerina grigelisi Gradstein. Both new species commonly occur in the Tojeira Formation, Montejunto, Portugal. The Tojeira Formation is a deeper marine shale unit of Early Kimmeridgian age. The new subspecies is Globuligerina oxfordiana calloviensis Gradstein, from the Callovian in the Crimea and Ukraine. A detailed description is provided for one of the historically oldest Jurassic taxa, Conoglobigerina helvetojurassica Haeusler 1881, re-discovered in the Birmenstorfer Schichten of Middle Oxfordian age near Mönthal, Canton Aargau, Switzerland. A neotype is proposed for this taxon. One specimen of C. helvetojurassica may have been attached to a substrate during a later part of its life cycle. The same Birmenstorfer Schichten also yielded two small specimens of an unknown planktonic genus with longitudinal ribs along its pyramidal and probably triserial test. The test is microperforate and wall textures reticulate. The types and type locality of ‘Globuligerina’ stellapolaris Grigelis, described from Northwestern Russia should be carefully investigated, to determine if it is a Late Jurassic or a Late Cenozoic taxon
New insights into the taxonomy and evolution of Jurassic planktonic foraminifera
No full textAbstract Globuligerina glinskikhae nov. sp. Gradstein & Waskowska and Globuligerina waskowskae nov. sp. Gradstein are new species of Jurassic planktonic foraminifera from the Middle Jurassic of Dagestan and Poland. G. glinskikhae nov. sp. with its remarkable ‘protoglobigerine’ test may be an early evolutionary offshoot of Globuligerina oxfordiana (Grigelis). It may be an index taxon for upper Bajocian through Bathonian strata in Eastern Europe and Southwest Asia, and might be recognizable also in thin sections. We consider G. waskowskae nov. sp. to be a possible forerunner of Conoglobigerina helvetojurassica (Haeusler), the first planktonic foraminiferal species with a reticulate wall texture. Currently, is only known from Poland. In some localities, specimens of G. oxfordiana and of G. glinskikhae nov. sp. posses an additional apertural opening, often lacking a rim; its function is enigmatic. The postulated lineage from Jurassic Globuligerina balakhmatovae (Morozova) to Cretaceous Clavihedbergella eocretacea Neagu is refined with the description of Petaloglobigerina simmonsi nov. gen., nov. sp. Gradstein from the Kimmeridgian of Portugal. The evolutionary transition from G. balakhmatovae to P. simmonsi occurs by means of the ontogenic development of a petaloid test, with a pronounced flattening of the whorl with ovate chambers, the last ones often offset and twisted. Jurassic planktonic foraminifera, now known to consist of three genera and 12+ species underwent long periods of stasis, interrupted by late Bajocian, mid-Oxfordian and early Kimmeridgian evolution. The three ‘stasis and root’ taxa G. oxfordiana, G. bathoniana and G. balakhmatovae are geographically widespread in lower to mid palaeo-latitudes, and stratigraphically long ranging within the Middle and Late Jurassic. Modern digital microscopes, with co-axial and side LED lighting and excellent image stacking software are important tools in the study of Jurassic planktonic foraminifera, and fast and cost-effective communication tools in modern micropalaeontology. ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A2927FFD-8C2B-4712-A06F-EE9D45ACA481
Governance and economic growth
Get PDFBecause protection of property rights cannot be appropriated by any individual, it is widely recognized as being the state's responsibility. Moreover, recent empirical evidence suggests that protection of property rights leads to higher investment levels and faster growth. The extent of property rights protection differs significantly across countries. The author integrates the emergence of property rights within a simple growth framework. Drawing on North (1990), he presents a model where economic performance and enforcement of property rights may reinforce each other.Initial conditions determine the economy's convergence to a high-income or a low-income steady state. Existing empirical evidence offers tentative support for this theory.Judicial System Reform,Labor Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Common Property Resource Development,Economic Theory&Research,Inequality,Common Property Resource Development,Environmental Economics&Policies,Governance Indicators
Programme and Abstracts
No full textThe Göttingen conference „Systematics 2008“ is the first joint meeting of the Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik (GfBS) and the German Botanical Society, section Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology (DBG), being the 10th Annual Meeting of the GfBS and the 18th International Symposium „Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology“ of the DBG. The conference programme covers biological systematics in the widest sense and provides ample opportunities for oral and poster presentations on new advances in plant, animal and microbial systematics. This volume brings together the abstracts of invited speaches from the plenary sessions on „Progress in Deep Phylogeny“, „Speciation and Phylogeography“, and „New Trends in Biological Systematics“ as well as those of submitted talks and poster sessions
(Table 5) Original and decompacted thickness, interval duration in time, and average compacted and decompacted sedimentation rates at DSDP Site 76-534
No full text(Table 5) Original and decompacted thickness, interval duration in time, and average compacted and decompacted sedimentation rates at DSDP Site 76-53
(Table 3) Compacted and decompacted sedimentation rates at DSDP Hole 44-391
No full textSediment depth is given in mbsf. Above 649 m, measured sediment densities approach the uncompacted, average value of 1.8. Possible erosion in depths 140-204 m
(Table 4) Thickness and duration of biostratigraphic zones, assemblages, and events in Hole 76-534A
No full text(Table 4) Thickness and duration of biostratigraphic zones, assemblages, and events in Hole 76-534
A note on the Bryophytes of the Maltese Islands
No full textA small set of bryophytes collected on the islands of Malta and Gozo in April-May, 1968, and April, 1969, by K. U. Kramer and L. Y. Th. Westra (Utrecht) was handed to the author for identification. The results are presented here as a supplement to a paper on the vascular plants of the Maltese islands (Kramer et al. 1972). The collections are deposited in the herbarium of the State University of Utrecht.
In the past few years many new data have been published on the bryophytes of the Mediterranean islands, cf. Sunding (1967,1971), Koppe (1965), Lübenau & Lübenau (1970), Düll (1967), Gradstein (1971), and Townsend (1965). The liverwort flora of the Mediterranean coasts is being studied thoroughly by Jovet-Ast & Bischler (cf. 1968). Yet the bryophyte flora of the Maltese islands received very little attention in the literature. A brief survey of the main data follows here
The political economy of public spending on education, inequality, and growth
Get PDFPublic provision of education has often been perceived as universal and egalitarian, but in reality it is not. Political pressure typically results in incidence bias in favor of the rich. The author argues that the bias in political influence resulting from extreme income inequalities is particularly likely to generate an incidence bias, which we call social exclusion. This may then lead to a feedback mechanism whereby inequality in the incidence of public spending on education breeds higher income inequality, thus generating multiple equilibria: with social exclusion and high inequality; and with social inclusion and relatively low inequality. The author also shows that the latter equilibrium leads to higher long-run growth than the former. An extension of the basic model reveals that spillover effects among members of social groups differentiated by race or ethnicity may reinforce the support for social exclusion.Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Decentralization,Economic Theory&Research,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Inequality,Poverty Assessment,Governance Indicators,Achieving Shared Growth,Economic Theory&Research
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