988 research outputs found
Constructive and Synthetic Reducibility Degrees: Post’s Problem for Many-One and Truth-Table Reducibility in Coq
No full textWe present a constructive analysis and machine-checked theory of one-one, many-one, and truth-table reductions based on synthetic computability theory in the Calculus of Inductive Constructions, the type theory underlying the proof assistant Coq. We give elegant, synthetic, and machine-checked proofs of Post’s landmark results that a simple predicate exists, is enumerable, undecidable, but many-one incomplete (Post’s problem for many-one reducibility), and a hypersimple predicate exists, is enumerable, undecidable, but truth-table incomplete (Post’s problem for truth-table reducibility).
In synthetic computability, one assumes axioms allowing to carry out computability theory with all definitions and proofs purely in terms of functions of the type theory with no mention of a model of computation. Proofs can focus on the essence of the argument, without having to sacrifice formality. Synthetic computability also clears the lense for constructivisation.
Our constructively careful definition of simple and hypersimple predicates allows us to not assume classical axioms, not even Markov’s principle, still yielding the expected strong results
Letter from Clifford Forster, American Civil Liberties Union, to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, July 8. 1942
No full textLetter from Clifford Forster at the ACLU office in New York to Ernest Besig, with regard to the demurrer Besig intends to file in the Korematsu case. Forster writes that the ACLU San Francisco may be acting against policy of the national office.The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Letter from Clifford Forster, American Civil Liberties Union, to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, July 10, 1942
No full textLetter from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, informing Besig of objection from the national ACLU board to his demurrer in the Korematsu case. Forster includes handwritten note stating agreement with Besig. Stamped "confidential."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Postal telegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, July 9, 1942
No full textTelegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig: "Please ask adjournment of hearing on demurrer Korematsu case. Committee finds affidavit goes beyond limitations letter following tomorrow."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Postal telegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, April 13, 1943
No full textTelegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig: "Korematsu motion denied regrets."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Letter from Clifford Forster, American Civil Liberties Union, to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, April 1, 1943
No full textLetter from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, regarding the status of "all of the Japanese evacuation cases" being referred to the Supreme Court. Forster writes: "In view of the fact that, as I understand it, certain questions are being certified by the CCA to the Supreme Court, if we are to file a brief amicus in behalf of the Union we shall have to know what the questions were that are being certified. Or is the situation such that the cases in toto are being referred?" Forster suggests Besig to see Endo's attorney James C. Purcell, "and urge upon him the importance of getting Judge Roche to make a decision."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case Ex parte Mitsuye Endo (1944), in which the United States Supreme court unanimously ruled that the federal government could not indefinitely detain United States citizens who were loyal to the government. Files include documents related to the Gordon Hirabayashi Supreme Court case Hirabayashi v. United States
Letter from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, January 17, 1944
No full textLetter from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, asking Besig to contact some well known California lawyers to ask if the ACLU may add their names to the brief in the Korematsu case.The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Postal telegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, December 9, 1943
No full textTelegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig: "Please air mail opinions Korematsu case with Bill Fraenkel letter reflects our views. Wire us your main points on appeal for Monday board meeting."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Postal telegraph from Clifford Forster, to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, January 21, 1943
No full textTelegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig: "Department of Justice informs us Korematsu appeal will fail for technical reasons since judge merely suspended imposition of sentence. Please arrange to have Judge Welch impose sentence at least before January 30. Wiring same to Wirin."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
Postal telegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig, Director, American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, April 9, 1943
No full textTelegraph from Clifford Forster to Ernest Besig: "Am filing motion in Collins name as attorney for Korematsu to have entire record brought up. Get record certified. We should hear Monday or Tuesday."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case argued before the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944), challenging the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066
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