2,782 research outputs found
The Middle Platonists: 80 B.C. to A.D. 220
No full textThe Middle Platonists: 80 B.C. to A.D. 220 John M. Dillon (Author), 1977 Table of Contents Preface Abbreviations 1 The Old Academy and the Themes of Middle Platonism 2 Antiochus of Ascalon: The Turn to Dogmatism 3 Platonism at Alexandria: Eudorus and Philo 4 Plutarch of Chaeroneia and the Origins of Second-Century Platonism 5 The Athenian School in the Second Century A.D. 6 The 'School of Gaius': Shadow and Substance 7 The Neopythagoreans 8 Some Loose Ends Bibliography Afterword General ..
Charles Berlitz, Author of "Doomsday," Takes Predictions
No full textCharles Berlitz, author of "Doomsday," makes predictions that life will cease after 2000 A.D
THE FOOD INDUSTRY - 2000 A.D. REVISITED
No full textWhat will be the nature of the food industry in the year 2000 A.D.? What will be the roles of retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers? The author presents his views of future food processing and distribution practices and thereby poses a challenge to the industry to maximize its opportunities for growth during the next three decades.Agribusiness,
THE FOOD INDUSTRY - 2000 A.D. REVISITED
No full textWhat will be the nature of the food industry in the year 2000 A.D.? What will be the roles of retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers? The author presents his views of future food processing and distribution practices and thereby poses a challenge to the industry to maximize its opportunities for growth during the next three decades
A study of the issues surrounding the understanding of historic military artefacts as primary source documents with particular emphasis on the sword
No full textLearning from biophysical heterogeneity: inductive use of case studies for maize cropping systems in Central America
No full textGlobal society has become conscious that efforts towards securing food production will only be successful if agricultural production increases are obtained through mechanisms that ensure active regeneration of the natural resource base. Production options should be targeted in the sense of that their suitability to improve agricultural production and maintain natural resources is evaluated prior to their introduction. Biophysical targeting evaluates production options as a function of the spatial and temporal variability of climate conditions, in interaction with soil, crop characteristics and agronomic management strategies. This thesis contributes to the development of a system-based methodology for biophysical targeting. Cropping system simulation and weather generator tools are interfaced to geographical information systems. Inductive use of two case studies - a green manure cover crop and reduced tillage with residue management - helped to develop the methodology. Insight is gained into the regional potential for and the soil and climate conditions under which successful introduction of these production options may be achieved. The resulting information supports regional stakeholders involved in agriculture in their analysis and discussion, negotiation and decision-making concerning where to implement production systems. This process can improve the supply of appropriate agricultural production practices that enhance production and conserve soil and water resources
Tafsyr Bil Mathur in Mafatih ul Ghaib of Imam Fakhrud Din Al -Razi [1150-1210 A.D]
No full textAbstract: The Holy Quran is a divine book revealed by Allah Al Mighty to His last Messenger Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W).Since the prestigious age of Islam many tafsyrs [explanations] of this sacred book have been compiled in almost every language of the world .One remarkable contribution in this field is “Mafateeh.ul.Ghaib”commonly known as ‘’Tafsyr kabir’’by Imam Fakhrud Din Al-Razi[1150-1210 A.D].He was a prominent scholar of his time. This Tafsyr is a collection of all sources of knowledge such as Hadith, Fiqh, Kalam, Philosophy and physical sciences. Its salient features are :A) Sequence between verses B) Explanation in light of ijtehad[Rai] C) Answers to questions put from other philosophers on Islamic beliefs. In addition to that, he has explained the verses in light of Quran and Sayings of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) known as Tafsyr Bil Mathur.In this article the said aspect of tafsyr in Mafatih ul Ghaib has discussed scholarly
Invitation to David Bishop from the Order of United Americans for a celebration of George Washington's birthday, February 1858
No full textThe Order of United Americans, also known as the Know-Nothings, formed in the mid-1800s to support the rights of native-born Americans over those of immigrants, and to combat what they saw as foreign influences on America. This letter is an invitation to Order member David Bishop, to a celebration in honor of George Washington's birthday. Page 1 shows the actual letter, and page 2 is the transcripts of the letter
Sarmatian Attributes in Archaeological Complexes of Catacombs Burials in Arys Culture of Southern Kazakhstan (1st Century B.C. - 3rd Century A.D.)
No full textThe publication is devoted to archaeological research of monuments of the catacomb of Arys culture of Southern Kazakhstan (1st Century B.C. - 3rd Century A.D.).
Now scientists have a complete understanding of the range and typology, periodization and chronology of monuments of this culture. There are three stages: Karaultobe (4th century B.C. - 1st century A.D.); Karatobe (1st Century B.C. - 4th century A.D.); Altintobe (4th-6th centuries A.D.). These stages are characterized by specific clusters of signs in the form of artifacts. The author also carried out the ethnic attribution of the Arys culture in association with the ancient state Kangiuj. As a result of this work, the ethnicity of the state Kangiuj was revealed: in particular, late Saka’s, Sarmatian, Huns and Kangiuj ethnic components which are relevant to archaeological complexes, were identified.
In the Arys monuments of culture the author discovered complexes of findings which associated with the Sarmatian world of Eurasia by their ethno-cultural parameters.
They include typical for the Sarmatians list of ritual action and the funerary equipment, including weapons, bronze mirrors, ritual and religious objects, signs-tamgas, jewelry (including Egyptian faience), articles in “animal”, gold-turquoise and polychrome style.
The characteristics of the burial complexes of catacombs of the Arys culture discussed in the publication and corresponding to chronological calculations and ethno-cultural interpretations, allow to speak about presence in the territory of South Kazakhstan of the Asian Sarmatians or any local branch of the Union of the Sarmatian tribes in the 1st century B.C. - 3rd century A.D
Project FATIMA Final Report: Part 1.
No full textEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This Final Report covers the results of the EU-funded research project FATIMA (Financial Assistance for Transport Integration in Metropolitan Areas) which had the following objectives:
(i) to identify the benefits to the private sector of optimal urban transport strategies, and the potential for obtaining private sector funding to reflect those benefits;
(ii) to determine the differences between strategies optimised using public funds and those optimised within the constraints imposed by private funding initiatives;
(iii) to propose mechanisms by which private sector funding can be provided so as to achieve appropriately optimal transport strategies while maintaining quality of operation; and
(iv) to use the results to provide more general guidance on the role of private sector funding for urban transport in the EU.
The project adopted an approach which involved the application of the same study method to nine cities, chosen to reflect a range of urban transport policy contexts in Europe: Edinburgh, Eisenstadt, Helsinki, Merseyside, Oslo, Salerno, Torino, Tromsø and Vienna. This method involved specifying appropriate policy objective functions against which transport strategies could be assessed, and finding the specific strategy that optimised each of these functions. The objective functions covered a range of differing regimes with respect to constraints on public finance and the involvement of the private sector.
It was found that, in a majority of the case study cities, optimal socio-economic policies could be funded by road pricing or increased parking charges, considered over a 30 year time horizon. Such measures would typically be used to make it feasible to increase public transport frequency levels or decrease public transport fares. In general it was found to be important that the city transport planning authority had complete control over all transport measures, affecting both private and public transport.
However, such strategies are likely to require significant levels of investment and, given current attitudes towards constraints on public spending, it might be politically awkward for the public sector to raise such finance. There is thus a potentially useful role for private finance to be used to help overcome such (short term) financing problems. However, it must be appreciated that the private sector will expect to make a profit on such investment. In cities where optimal policies are funded by travellers, the private sector can be reimbursed by travellers. In cities where it is unfeasible for travellers to fund all the costs of optimal policies, it will be necessary for the private sector to be reimbursed from public funds (raised from taxes). An important issue here is that the use of private finance should not be allowed to replace optimal policies with sub-optimal policies.
Whether or not the private sector is involved in financing a strategy, there may be interest in private sector operation of the public transport service. However, evidence on the scale of benefits or losses from such operation is unclear. If, though, a city authority decides that private operation is beneficial, it should use, where legally possible, a franchising model in which it specifies optimal public transport service levels and fares. On the other hand, if a deregulation model is required (in order to comply with national law), private operators should not be given complete freedom to determine the operating conditions which meet their profitability target, even if the level of profitability is itself constrained as a result. There are typically a number of combinations (e.g. of fares and frequency) which achieve a given level of profitability, and not all will be equally effective in terms of public policy objectives
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