1,721,072 research outputs found
Analysis of cooperative interpretation of constructive and degradation informations for the assessment of the state of physical preservation of traditional architectures in prevalent vertical development. The ANVIV protocol
No full textVirtual Tours and Informational Models for Improving Territorial Attractiveness and the Smart Management of Architectural Heritage: The 3D-IMP-ACT Project
Full text linkThe promotion and dissemination of architectural heritage for cultural enhancement and touristic enjoyment are increasingly focused on innovative ICTs, including 3D Geographic Information Systems, photorealistic models and scenes, and VR/AR immersive digital environments, which enable the interaction of visitors with a variety of informational contents, both educational and specialist. Within the above-mentioned framework, this paper will firstly outline the general objectives of the project “3D-IMP-ACT”, which has been funded under the international cooperation programme IPA CBC Interreg Italy-Albania-Montenegro. In this research, some ICT tools are tested and validated to create “virtual networks” of international ancient architectures and sites, based on the identification of “physical networks” of common historic, environmental and technical characteristics and infrastructural connections, in order to address coordinated strategies and transversal policies for development and management. Then, the paper will describe and discuss some results from the design and implementation of the project WebGIS system, which integrates virtual tours of 360° panoramas, 3D models from photomodelling of pictures taken by drones, multimedia contents, and 2D/3D historic evolution schemes within a single platform, where the users are supported in recognizing and exploring the tangible and intangible correspondences among the project pilot-cases. In conclusion, some remarks will be proposed on the potential benefits of the platform as an expert system which supports the technical assessment and control of architectural heritage toward maintenance, refurbishment and conservation
An energy retrofitting methodology of Mediterranean historical buildings
Full text linkPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and discuss a methodological approach for energy assessment and retrofitting of envelope systems in Mediterranean historical buildings, in order to ensure the desirable balance between improvement requirements and preservation principles. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on the assessment of historical districts at the site, building and component scales, the development of energy models of building-types that are highly representative, in terms of materials, construction techniques, typologies and performances, the identification of intervention priorities and the validation of compatible retrofitting solutions. Findings – The methodology, applied to a representative Adriatic sea town in South Italy, shows the potentialities of innovative materials and technologies (aerogel, PCMs, etc.) as tools to achieve the improvement of the energy performances and the preservation of the original characters. Nevertheless, it shows how the preliminary qualification of the environmental, architectural, constructional and technological characteristics is paramount to support the identification of the current behavior of the building system and the transformation boundaries from the historical values. Originality/value – The paper proves how assessment and intervention methods and tools, besides effective, compatible, low invasive and durable, should be geocluster oriented and performance based, thus with general reliability for the whole local context and suitable flexibility to be tailored to different specific situations, toward the definition of retrofitting micro-scale measures and macro-scale strategies that are replicable and scalabl
European Cities Prone to Terrorist Threats: Phenomenological Analysis of Historical Events towards Risk Matrices and an Early Parameterization of Urban Built Environment Outdoor Areas
No full textAmong other risks, contemporary cities are exposed to terrorism. In addition to being sensitive targets, recent events in Europe have underlined the relevance of public open spaces (squares, streets, etc.) as particularly defenseless parts of Urban Built Environments (UBEs). Despite the fact that previous theoretical studies about radicalism have highlighted the “regional” dimension of the threat, the assessment of terroristic risk is still related to American guidelines. This creates new research scenarios for European UBEs and associated Outdoor Areas (UBEOAs). Thus, this paper provides two correlated main goals. The first is the phenomenological analysis of terrorist threats in European UBEs, starting from the events catalogued in the Global Terrorism Database. Specifically, the matrix of risk is assessed by combining (i) the main urban Environmental Classes (ECs) and their sub-classes, referred to as Outdoor Areas (OutECs), and (ii) the Attack Types (ATs) in order to determine the most efficient and recurrent combination of attack methods and targets (AT-EC and AT-OutEC). Then, the paper identifies the parameters influencing the terroristic risk of the most recurrent and efficient attacks identified in European UBEOAs, starting from (i) the analysis of inherent features of the European phenomenon, (ii) previous experiences in the literature and (iii) the permitted strategies and guidelines in European States. The main results are related to the relevance of Armed Assault and Bombing/Explosion Ats and Open Areas with the presence of public and strategic/symbolic buildings (ECs), while an interesting point of discussion is represented by physical obstacles
Smart approaches for industries conversion through adaptive reuse models: The industrial area of bari-modugno
No full textThe transformation of abandoned industrial areas guarantees new living standards in the urban suburbs. The theme of urban regeneration plays an important role for building recovery in derelict peripheral areas. The uncontrolled urban sprawl decreases the possibilities for urban development and increases the interventions for the conversion of existing structures. Adaptive reuse strategies refurbish existing unused buildings into contemporary spaces, giving them new functional purpose. In this paper, considering the industrial area of Bari-Modugno, a detailed analysis of the typological characteristics of industrial constructions is shown. These empty volumes are classified according to the construction period and their intrinsic features. The proposed Design Criteria System (DCS) manages the factors that most affect the building regeneration process. It analyses the seven main categories, predicted in the S. Conejos adaptSTAR Model, with the insertion of macro and microscopes. The methodological approach considers a first classification of abandoned industrial buildings, trying to evaluate their potentials and weaknesses through multicriteria decision-making methods. The use of performance matrix allows to compare the status of decay, the predicted functions and the figures involved in the conversion process, evaluating possible solution to simplify the choices selection from the DCS. The model, under implementation, can assist stakeholders decision-making processes for factory reuse, considering sustainable practices and outcomes. In addition, the DCS provides to identify the smart refurbishment actions of obsolete structure to highlight the flexibility of adaptive reuse interventions. This research illustrates that the hypothesized model is a good alternative to adopt adaptive reuse strategies on abandoned warehouses and recommends future uses by government authorities to simplify the transformation processes, minimizing times and costs of intervention and amplifying benefits for society
“TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE CONSERVATION WITHIN THE SYSTEM OF MODERNITY: THE “SASSI” OF MATERA.”
No full textStrategies for energy retrofitting of historic urban districts
No full textThe paper is going to discuss and validate a methodological framework for the integrated and coordinated retrofitting of historic urban districts, between conservation of their unique typological and architectural features and improvement of their environmental and energy performances. In detail, from the investigation of environmental and morphological characteristics of the whole district, energy grids and consumptions of the subdistricts and construction materials and techniques of the buildings, a set of 'minimum units of energy intervention' (MUEI) is identified, where common opportunity/necessity of transformation might be assessed and common strategies and solutions should be pursued. The resulting 'energy zoning', validated for a representative case study, is a decision-making support tool for all the stakeholders of the retrofitting process of historic urban districts. It should help select compatible and efficient measures, address informed maintenance and management programs and guarantee the overall safeguard and enhancement of the built heritage
Precast concrete module for structural and energy rehabilitation of reinforced concrete buildings
No full textConcrete structures built throughout the 20th century show performance deficiencies that lead to undergo seismic and energy comfort consequences. In particular, independent reinforced concrete (RC) structures do not comply with European energy efficiency standards due to the absence or insufficient insulation, or the existence of significant thermal bridges. Moreover, they were built with obsoleted construction methodologies that, being incompatible with actual structural canons, make them vulnerable to earthquakes. The current prefabricated technologies, used for the refurbishment of buildings, are focused on energy retrofitting, leaving the field of structural reinforcement unexplored. The challenge of this research is to improve and monitor the mechanical characteristics of RC buildings as well as their energy performance through precast concrete modules. In this paper, preliminary design strategies of the innovative panel is presented. It connects the existing façades, stiffening the pillar-beam nodes in order to obtain a box-like effect. Integration with real-time detection sensors ensures monitoring of energy and structural performance
Setting of the restoration project for durability
No full textThis research intends to analyse the interventions of restoration (of both traditional or innovative techniques, and of natural and synthetic materials), aimed at predicting the durability of useful life and acceptable state of the components and buildings in conventional, normal conditions. Technological integration must be verified on different levels of comparison and appropriateness of choices, with innovation that respects the "ancient" plant and construction systems, and re-assesses and exploits the natural resources; water, air, light and space, in accordance with the building traditions of the Mediterranean basin (die "Sassi of Matera"). The aim is to establish an implementable methodology for durability of the interventions, based on a quality approach for the various phases of the building restoration process, and implement an interdisciplinary project between tradition and innovation, defined by the needs of the building structure
La gestione della resilienza dei centri storici con modelli digitali. Virtualizzazione di azioni energetico-resilienti in piani CityGML-based
No full textLa gestione del patrimonio edilizio esistente esposto ai cambiamenti climatici (CC) è ancora oggi tema centrale del
dibattito scientifico, tecnico e amministrativo, utile a valutare gli effetti che passivamente il costruito subisce nel processo
naturale, nonchè le criticità del costruito stesso quale componente attiva all’incremento del fenomeno.
Rispetto all’intera area urbana, il patrimonio costruito dei centri storici, così come il Patrimonio Culturale in generale,
appartiene a quella quota dell’edificato che richiede particolari strategie di mitigazione e adattamento che concilino le
trasformazioni utili all’incremento della loro resilienza ai cambiamenti climatici e il complesso sistema normativo
sovraordinato che garantisce la loro conservazione.
È pur vero però che il crescente sviluppo di strumenti e le forti declinazioni di conoscenze IT verso temi urbani hanno
dimostrato come l’uso di Modelli Digitali costituisca una reale opportunità nella gestione dell’interdisciplinarietà e delle
relazioni delle conoscenze coinvolte, nonché nelle interazioni costruito-ambiente.
Proprio su tali questioni, il presente contributo si inserisce nel quadro della gestione delle priorità di intervento (adattive
e mitigative), del complesso quadro delle conoscenze e degli utenti coinvolti nelle attività di trasformazione del patrimonio
nei centri storici, proponendo e testando un Modello Digitale interrogabile (web-service) basato sulle regole relazionali
del CityGML. Nel dettaglio, a partire dalla proposta metodologica energetico-resiliente per i centri storici discussa dagli
autori in un precedente contributo, il modello è stato ideato come un sistema coerente e strutturato di conoscenze tecnico-
scientifiche, propriamente riorganizzate rispetto alla struttura del CityGML, al fine di creare un tool a supporto della
pubblica amministrazione, per la gestione delle azioni mitigative e adattive, e dei professionisti, nella scelta di soluzioni
tecniche conformi ed efficaci
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