228 research outputs found
Oncolytic viruses: A novel treatment strategy for breast cancer
No full textBreast cancer, an unceasingly occurring neoplasm, is one of the major determinants of mortality in women. Several ineffective attempts have been pursued using with conventional therapies against breast cancer. Resistance to existing therapies and their respective debilitating adverse effects have led research toward a new era of cancer treatment using viruses. Virotherapy constitutes a developing treatment modality with multiple mechanisms of therapeutic activity in which the viruses can be directly oncolyticand can express transgenes or induce host immune response against tumor cells. Several different DNA- and RNA-containing viruses have been considered for virotherapy of breast cancer including adenovirus, herpes virus, vaccinia, reovirus, Newcastle Disease virus, measles virus and vesicular stomatitis virus.
This review aims to summarize the viro-therapeutical agents against breast malignancies.
Key Scientific Concepts of Review: In this review paper, we proposed a new strategy to virus’s
combinatorial treatments using several kinds of transgenes and drugs. These recombinant viruses have provided evidence of treatment efficacy against human breast cance
Study frequency of hypertension and obesity and their relationship with lifestyle factors (nutritional habits, physical activity, cigarette consumption) in Ardabil city physicians, 2012-13
No full textBackground and Objective: Few studies have been done on lifestyle of Iranian physicians. As physicians have important role in health promotion, the main goal of the study was to assess the lifestyle of this influential group. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on lifestyle of all registered physicians of Ardabil hospitals, Iran, 2012–13. In this research, 225 physicians were selected, by using simple random sampling. Demographic and lifestyle data were obtained by self-report using standard questionnaires, physical activity by official Iranian short-version of the international physical activity questionnaire, and dietary intake by food frequency questionnaire. Weight and height was performed according to standard protocols by using standardized and zero calibrated instruments. Data were analyzed by inferential statistics using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.16 software. Results: Findings showed that 8% of participants were hypertensive, 21.3% smoker, 40%–47% inactive, 51.1% overweight, and 18.2% obese. There was a significant relationship between blood pressure and self-reported lifestyle habits (P < 0.05). And 70.7% of males and 74.1% of females had regular 10-min walking each day and moderate activity of males was significantly higher than females (P < 0.05). Food frequency weekly consumption of overweight and obese physicians were significantly higher than normal weight physicians (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Few doctors follow a healthy lifestyle; this may have a negative effect on society attitude about health
Author Response
No full textRahmatinejad Z, Hoseini B, Pourmand A, Reihani H, Rahmatinejad F, Eslami S, Author Response. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(2):183-184
I can see that you’re suffering : The nurse’s encounter of relatives who lost a family member due to sudden death
No full textBakgrund: Sjuksköterskan är den person som är närmast patienten, och är den som oftast är med när en patient avlider. De anhöriga som lämnas kvar drabbas alltid av förlusten efter en död, och det är sjuksköterskans ansvar att sköta omvårdnaden av dessa anhöriga. I Sverige dör årligen cirka 90 000 personer, varav 11600 räknas som plötsliga dödsfall. När döden kommer plötsligt orsakar den ett enormt trauma som riskerar att inverka negativt på de efterlevandes hälsa, om de inte får rätt omhändertagande. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att identifiera och beskriva sjuksköterskans bemötande av anhöriga som förlorat en familjemedlem i plötslig död. Design: Allmän litteraturstudie med systematiskt tillvägagångssätt. Metod: Litteratur söktes i databaserna CINAHL, PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus, Eric och Swemed+. Under sökningen användes svenska Mesh-termer, booleska söktermer, fri sökning och thesaurus-sökning. 16 artiklar kvalitetsgranskades, varav 13 artiklar gick vidare för analys. Av dessa var 12 av kvalitativ art, och en av kvantitativ. Resultat: Bemötandet av anhöriga innefattar många områden. Följande huvudkategorier identifierades: Egenvård, att skapa en relation, att ge utrymme, att delge, att vara professionell, samt att lämna situationen. Konklusion: Då en patient har avlidit är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan är kompetent att ta hand om de sörjande anhöriga. Sjuksköterskan behöver vara relationsfokuserad i sitt bemötande av dessa, för att kunna se deras behov och ge dem rätt omvårdnad. De anhöriga är i akut behov av information för att skapa sig en förståelse och acceptans för det plötsliga dödsfallet
Determination of the applicability of the distributed optical-fiber temperature sensing technique for geothermal energy production within the DAP - Delft Geothermal Project
No full textGeothermal energy production is an interesting alternative for the fossil energy production being depleted, being, a sustainable method with a lot of potential in the Netherlands and abroad. One of the main initiators of geothermal energy production in the Netherlands is the Delft Geothermal Project (DAP). Furthermore DAP supports the realization of geothermal projects with technical advice and research, mostly done by students of the TU Delft. This report is one example of this effort. The Distributed Fiber-Optic Temperature-Sensing (DTS) technique represents a new physical approach for temperature measurements in the geosciences and environmental sciences. It is based on optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR). DTS is a promising new technology, continuously measuring the temperature profile along the whole length of the glass fiber in the borehole. Profiling the whole well is an improvement compared with the conventional methods, because it is also showing temperature losses within the well. Knowing more about these losses within the system is essential to design strategies to increase the cost effectiveness. To add a different view on the use of the DTS technique in geothermal doublets an experiment is executed as well. This experiment will show the ease and dexterity of the use of optic fibres and will teach us more about the hardware and additional software used. The results of the experiment can be shown to DAP for their decision on the application of the measuring system in their future projects.Section applied geophysics and petrophysicsApplied Earth SciencesCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Single event transient reliability analysis on a fault-tolerant RISC-V microprocessor design
No full textThe miniaturization of electronic devices and the improved operating speeds increase the likelihood of single event faults. Differently from Single Event Upset (SEU) faults, Single Event Transient (SET) faults generally affect combinational logic, making all voting systems vulnerable to errors. The proposed work uses an ad-hoc fault-simulation campaign employing signal glitching to identify SET vulnerabilities inside a RISC-V core already equipped with resilience logic against Single Event Upset (SEU) faults. The faults target the majority voting logic structures, highlighting how they can be susceptible to faults depending on the width of the injected pulses, and showing how the use of Buffered Triple Modular Redundancy (BTMR) allows decreasing the total failure probability due to erroneous majority voters. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Multivariate Weighted Total Least Squares Based on the Standard Least-Squares Theory
No full textThe weighted total least squares (WTLS) has been widely used in many geodetic problems to solve the error-in-variable (EIV) models in which both the observation vector and the design matrix contain random errors. This method is widely applied in its univariate form, where the observations and unknown coefficients appear in vector forms. However, in some geodetic problems, data sets appear in more than one dimension, and the vector representation of the univariate model may not be suitable to efficiently solve the problem. The observation and unknown parameter vectors can then be replaced with their counterparts in matrix representations in a multivariate model. In this paper, we propose a simple, fast, and flexible procedure for solving the multivariate WTLS (MWTLS) problem using the standard least squares theory. The method has the capability of applying to large-size and high-dimensional data sets. Our numerical experiments on both simulated and real datasets demonstrate the high performance of the proposed method for solving multivariate WTLS problems. In terms of computational complexity, our method outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods, both numerically and analytically.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Optical and Laser Remote Sensin
Revealing the quasiparticle electronic and excitonic nature in cubic, tetragonal, and hexagonal phases of FAPbI3
No full textThe development of three-dimensional (3D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites has sparked much interest because of their rich light-harvesting capabilities in solar cells. However, the understanding of the electronic and optical properties, particularly the excitonic shifts upon structural phase transition with temperature in these materials, is not fully clear. Here, we report the accurate description of electronic and optical properties of mostly studied FAPbI(3) across the cubic-tetragonal-hexagonal phases, using the relativistic GW method and Bethe-Salpeter Equation (BSE), including the spin-orbit coupling effects. Our GW calculations reveal that the bandgap values vary from 1.47 to 3.54 eV from the room temperature cubic phase to the low temperature hexagonal phase. Our optical analysis shows that excitonic peaks are blue-shifted, and exciton binding energies estimated by the model BSE approach increase from 74 to 567 meV going from the cubic to hexagonal phases. Our results may have important impacts on the practical uptake of hybrid perovskite based solar cells under different climatic conditions. (c) 2022 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Experimental and Numerical Study of Heat Flow under Low-Enthalpy Hydrothermal Conditions
No full textEnergy and its management and environmental impact constitute one of the most important issues in the 21st century. Since fossil fuels are environmentally hazardous and sooner or later are going to be depleted, there is a pressing need for alternatives. Renewable energies, such as solar, wind and geothermal energy are vital sources of energy that are clean and abundantly available. Wind and solar energy sources, in spite of their several advantages, are naturally intermittent. They might not be available at times of peak energy demands and abundant at times of no demand. On the contrary, geothermal energy is available at all times. This makes geothermal energy sources a plausible alternative to fossil fuels. Several types of geothermal energy sources are available, including high, intermediate, and low-enthalpy which have different applications. In countries with low thermal gradients and relatively high permeable aquifers, such as the Netherlands, geothermal energy can be used for space heating using hydrothermal heating plants. A prerequisite to safe, economic and viable geothermal systems is a good understanding of the geology and the physical processes in the sub-surface. In a hydrothermal system, heat conduction and convection takes place in a rather highly disproportionate geometry. This combination of physical processes and geometry make numerical analysis of such a system complicated and resource-consuming. Hence, in developing numerical tools for geothermal systems, important efforts are devoted to tackling the discretization of two main issues: geometry and heat convection. Deep geothermal systems consist of very slender boreholes embedded in a large soil mass. This geometrical peculiarity exerts an enormous computational burden, as a combination of very fine elements (cells) and coarse elements (cells) is normally needed to discretize the physical domain. For three-dimensional systems, this normally requires hundreds of thousands to millions of elements, necessitating parallel computing using multiple processor computers and making the CPU times unrealistic for engineering practice. Additionally, heat flow in a hydrothermal system involves density and viscosity variation with temperature, and thermal dispersion. These phenomena make the problem non-linear and must be well understood and taken into consideration in optimizing a geothermal system. In this thesis, these physical and geometrical issues have been studied experimentally and numerically. The objectives of this thesis are: 1. To investigate the variation of the formation fluid density and viscosity, with temperatures typically existing in hydrothermal conditions. 2. To investigate thermal dispersion due to heat flow in a porous domain. 3. To establish a discretization technique that covers all important features of the hydrothermal system geometry and physical processes, and, at the same time, is computationally efficient such that it can be run on a normal PC (500 MHz, 4GB RAM). 4. To formulate a prototype model for a preliminary estimation of the reservoir lifetime by knowing its porosity and initial temperature for different design parameters, namely, discharge, well spacing and injection temperature. The outcome of the experimental-numerical study in this thesis emphasizes the significance of several manmade and physical parameters on the system lifetime. In conducting a viable design of a hydrothermal system, these parameters need to be carefully evaluated. The proposed prototype model can be utilized in the preliminary phases of a project, from which the project lifetime and consequently the cost and the amount of the extracted energy, can be estimated.Geoscience & EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Ubiquitous learning and massive communication in MOOCs: Revisiting the role of teaching as a praxis
No full textIn the present study, we refer to Carr's theory on the nature of educational practice for evaluating teaching as a praxis in relation to two major changes, i.e. ubiquitous learning and massive communication caused by MOOCs. With regard to the first change, we argue that the teacher is faced with the problem of encouraging the learners to get involved in the educational activities. The second change has resulted in a reduction of teacher’s agency and loss of teaching legitimacy and hence its natural feature as a morally committed action. In addition, massive communication has affected the potential encounters between teacher and student considered as the ‘Other’ and has replaced conversation with texting. We highlight the significance of teacher-student conversation as an essential element for developing reflection and self-reflection capacities. Finally, we discuss that the responsibility of teaching is beyond designing and implementing education technically through MOOCs.Accepted Author ManuscriptScience Education and CommunicationEthics & Philosophy of Technolog
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