824 research outputs found
Biological dynamics of coral reefs. In: Oceanography, from Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS)
No full textIstanbul University Library T.Y. transcription and content analysis of song magazine no. 03276
No full textBu çalışmada 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında kaleme alındığı tahmin edilen İstanbul Üniversitesi T.Y. 03276 numarada kayıtlı bulunan "Şarkı Mecmuası" incelenmiştir. Mecmuanın müellif kaydı bulunmamaktadır. Üç bölümden oluşan çalışmanın birinci bölümünde mecmuanın tanımı ve tasnifi yapılmış, güfte mecmuaları hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde çalışmaya konu olan mecmua, "Muhteva" ve "Şekil Hususiyetleri" başlıkları altında incelenmiş "Mecmuanın İncelenmesinde Gözetilen Esaslar" başlığı altında metnin kuruluşu ve imlâ problemlerine de yer verilmiştir. Mecmuadan faydalanmayı kolaylaştırmak maksadıyla muhtevası ile ilgili tablolar hazırlanmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde metnin Osmanlıcadan günümüz harflerine aktarımı verilmiştir. Ayrıca metin içerisinde yer almayan fakat Divan Makam ve Türk Sanat Müziği Nota Arşivi gibi kaynaklarda tespit edilen bazı bilgilere de dipnot ve tablolarda yer verilmiştir.In this study, the "Şarkı Mecmuası" (Song Anthology), registered under the number T.Y. 03276 at Istanbul University, which is estimated to have been compiled in the second half of the 19th century, has been examined. The manuscript does not contain any information regarding its author. The study consists of three main sections. In the first section, the anthology is defined and classified, and general information about güfte mecmuası (lyrics anthologies) is provided. The second section analyzes the manuscript in terms of its "Content" and "Formal Characteristics," and addresses the principles followed in the examination of the text, including issues related to orthography and textual structure. To facilitate the use of the anthology, several tables regarding its content have been prepared. In the third section, the text has been transcribed from Ottoman Turkish into the modern Turkish alphabet. Furthermore, additional information not found in the manuscript but identified in sources such as the Divan Makam and Turkish Classical Music Notation Archive has been included in the footnotes and tables
Author correction: Clear and transparent nanocrystals for infrared-responsive carrier transfer
No full textThe original version of this Article omitted the fourth author Taizo Yoshinaga, who is from the 'Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan'. Consequently, the third sentence of the Author Contributions, 'M.S. and M.K. synthesized the ITO NCs and ITO/semiconductor oxides' was revised to 'M.S., M.K. and T.Y. synthesized the ITO NCs and ITO/semiconductor oxides'. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article
Gerronema confusum L. Fan & T. Y. Zhao 2022, sp. nov.
No full textGerronema confusum L. Fan & T.Y. Zhao sp. nov. (Figs. 2, 3) MycoBank:— MB841245 Diagnosis:— Gerronema confusum is similar to G. atrialbum and G. wildpretii in the appearance of basidiomata, however it can be distinguished from G. wildpretii in having larger basidiospores (7.5–12.5 × 5–10 μm) and the absence of clamp connections in all tissues, while from G. atrialbum in having shorter stipe (5–7 cm long) and abundant cheilocystidia. ITS-phylogeny supported G. confusum as a distinct species. Etymology:—‘ confusum’, refers to its confusingly similar macro-morphology with G. wildpretii. Holotype:— CHINA. Shanxi Province, Yuncheng City, Xia County, 35°0ʹ24ʺN, 111°31ʹ24ʺE, elev. 1020 m, 06 October 2020, Hao-Yu Fu, MNM101 (BJTC FM1592). Description: —Basidiomata omphalinoid, medium-sized. Pileus 55–65 mm broad, sometimes umbilicate, but predominantly infundibuliform to deeply infundibuliform; ground color gray white (#c0c0c0), covered with adpressed grayish brown (#7d371f) to brown (#52361b) fibrils and dark brown granulose (#3f2915) all over; margin almost straight to rather reflexed, undulate, with some white split. Lamellae decurrent, white (#d8eaf3), 3.5–4.5 mm broad, with lamelluale of 2–3 tiers, sometimes with the cross veins, edge entire, concolorous. Stipe 55–70 × 9–14 mm, cylindrical, equal or slightly broader towards the base, hollow; surface gray white to concolorous with the pileus, granulose toward apex, granulose dark brown (#3f2915). Context thin, white (#aac0da). Odour and taste indistinct. Basidiospores 7.5–12.5 × 5–10 μm; Q(L/I) = 1–2(Qm = 1.47)(n = 60), ellipsoid to subglobose, thin-walled, smooth, inamyloid, hyaline, with a prominent apiculus, often with a large oil drop at the centre. Basidia 37.5–62.5 × 5–7.5 μm, clavate, sometimes fusiform, thin-walled, 1–2-spored; sterigmata up to 10 μm long. Cheilocystidia abundant, 42.5–62.5 × 5–12.5 μm, hyaline, thin-walled, subcylindrical to cylindrical. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis disrupted by clusters of erect or semi-erect pileocystidia; hyphae hyaline or often with a light brown plasmatic pigment, thin-walled, with slightly swollen terminal elements. Pileocystidia 62.5–85 × 7.5–10 μm, flexuose, clavate or subclavate, with a light brown plasmatic pigment, thin-walled. Stipitipellis a cutis disrupted by caulocystidia and occasional ascending or erect hyphae with inflated terminal hyphae, hyaline or with a light brown plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia 42.5–62.5 × 5–8.75 μm, with a light brown plasmatic pigment, cylindrical, fusoid, clavate or sometimes irregular in shape, thin-walled. Clamp connections absent. Habitat:—Solitary, growing on buried wood in the broad-leaved forests dominated by Quercus sp. Known distribution: — Shanxi, CHINA Additional specimens examined: — CHINA. Shanxi Province, Yuncheng City, Xia County, 35°4ʹ46ʺN, 111°23ʹ43ʺE, elev. 1000 m, 04 October 2020, Ning Mao, MNM039 (BJTC FM1624).Published as part of Zhao, Tao-Yu & Fan, Li, 2022, Gerronema confusum (Porotheleaceae), a new species from North China, pp. 186-194 in Phytotaxa 550 (2) on pages 190-191, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.550.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/664119
Rectangular-Plate Turbulator Effects on Heat Transfer and Near-Wall Flow Characteristics in Fan Flows
No full text待補摘要臺灣期刊論文索引系統紙
Sung Historians Study of Tang History
No full text宋代史家重視歷史的鑑戒功能，如殷之鑑在夏，周之鑑在殷，皆取其距當代最近的。宋雖接乎五代，實當以唐為鑑戒，因為五代之戰亂分裂，實由唐末由亂到亡所產生的。北宋史家最關心唐代史，真宗時官修的《冊府元龜》，內中多記唐代君臣事跡。仁宗時命歐陽修、宋祁等修成《新唐書》，以《春秋》書法褒貶唐代君臣。司馬光的《資治通鑑．唐紀》，陳述唐代治少亂多之弊。范祖禹《唐鑑》，評論唐代用君子則治，用小人則亂，足為法戒。孫甫《唐史論斷》尤重義理，謂人君必嚴於修己，一涉逸樂，便有亂亡之患。In the Sung dynasty, historians stressed the reflective value of history as a mirror for current times, such as the Yin Dynasty was reflected in the Xia or the Zhou was reflected in the Yin. Although the Sung chronologically followed on the period Five Dynasties, its historians looked back to the Tang for their mirror because the divisive struggles of the Five Dynasties were a result of the confusion at the end of the Tang, leading to its fall. Historians in the Northern Sung stressed the importance of Tang history, as can be seen from the extensive noting of affairs of Tang official in the Ce Fu Yuan Gui, compiled by government historians in the Zhen Cung period. It can also be see from the Spring and Autumn form of concealed criticism of Tang officials contained in the Ren Cung period New Tang History, compiled by Ou Yang Xiu, Sung Chi and others, In addition, the "Tang Records" in the Ce Jhi Tung Jian by Si Ma Guang describes the Tang as a time of little government and much confusion. Similarly, Fan Zhu Yu in the Tang Jian evaluated the Tang situation of order coming from the employment of gentlemen as officials and confusion coming from the employment of minor people, seeing it as a lesson for his time. The Tang Shi Lun Duan of Sun Fu stressed moral values, saying that an emperor must observe strict self-cultivation, and that his indulgence in pleasures will bring confusion and downfall. In conclusion, although Sung historians' discussion of Tang history focused on issues of practical government, the most important aspect to their discussions was ideals and moral conduct
Avant-garde between east and west: Modern architecture and town-planning in the Urals 1920-30
No full textOn hearing the term "Soviet modernism", images of Moscow and Leningrad spring to mind. These two cities may compete with each other for the title of the Russian modernist paradigm. Meanwhile little attention has been paid to the developments in more remote areas of Russia. Apparently, the Ural region played a remarkable role in the history of Soviet avant-garde architecture. Without a clear picture of the developments in the Urals, our knowledge of the Soviet modernism is not complete. Within the framework of the state programme of socialist industrialisation, Soviet and Western modernists implemented in the Urals a number of innovative town-planning concepts, such as decentralization of big cities by building satellite towns. Development of cities, industrial sites and settling systems was carried out with consideration of geographical, climatic, economical and other characteristic features of the location. The Urals cities, therefore, represent a unique complex, which fully demonstrates conceptual regularities of modernist town-planning, placed into regional context. In the 1920-30s, Sverdlovsk, the capital of the Ural region, was a major regional centre of architectural and town-planning activities. It was closely connected with the vanguard "headquarters" in Moscow and Leningrad. Today this city (renamed into Ekaterinburg) possesses an extensive collection of modernist monuments that deserves a close attention of specialists.Architectur
The Concept of Benevolence and Justice during the Song Dynasty
No full text宋朝的大忠臣文天祥(1236~1282)在從容就義的前夕，特親書絕筆自贊，繫之於衣帶間，其詞云：「孔曰成仁，孟曰取義，惟其義盡，所以仁至。讀聖賢書，所學何事？而今而後，庶幾無愧！」聖賢教人明仁義，知兼恥，並終身堅守不變。《易經》謂：「立人之道，曰仁與義。」不仁不義之徒是無法立於天地之間的。宋代士大夫重視儒術，講求政治清平，民生安樂，而治亂安危的關鍵人物是君主，故曰:「君仁莫不仁，君義莫不義。」君主好學，多與經筵官相接，究明聖人經旨，以前代興亡治亂為鑑，進而親賢臣，遠小人，行仁政，收民心，此然天下大治，國祚久長。北宋名儒司馬光，程頤、范祖禹等，任侍讀或侍講，皆勸皇上正君心，法祖宗。仁宗時，翰林侍講學士李淑所修成的《三朝寶訓》，便成為皇上御經筵時必讀的寶典。南宋理學家朱熹、真德秀為侍講、侍讀，力勸皇上先正心、誠意，則君道正而天下治，一切都在人君一念之間。宋儒認為仁是一切道德的總稱，包有四端和五常，絕不能用博愛二字來解釋仁，而仁與義又不能分開。雖說「仁者愛人」，但先要明愛之理，意謂愛的正當與否，要在斷之以義。朱熹釋仁謂「仁者心之德、愛之理」，最為切當。父母撫育子女是仁，而身教、言教或鞭打也是仁，此即愛切責嚴之義。他們不是坐而言，而亦起而行，為親族創義田、義莊，以幫助貧困的族人免於饑寒，為鄉人創義倉和義學，又有義塚、義役，皆為社會福利。宋廷亦極留心災荒救濟，深得人民愛戴。其立國雖不能純於仁義，而未嘗不慕義勉仁，得享三百二十年國祚，其效若是。Before his martyrdom, Wen Tien-hsiang (文天祥), the last prime minister of the Song Dynasty, wrote to demonstrate his determination to die for the cause of justice by referring to Confucius and Chinese traditional ethics. A typical intellectual in China must stand for the view professed in I Ching (Book of Change, 《易經》) that, 'Without the concepts of benevolence and justice one cannot establish oneself or get along in the world.' Scholars and officials in the Song Dynasty, such as Ssu-Ma Kuang (司馬光), Chen Yi(程賾), Fan Tsu-yu (范祖禹), Chu His(朱熹), and Chien Teh-shiou(黃德秀), cherished Confucian humanism and demanded that emperors should be educated to cherish moral laws and social duties. The imperial tutors and mentors developed a radical political philosophy putting the ruler under an obligation to save the world, They considered benevolence to be the main theme of morals; to them, benevolence is much more than kindness, and cannot be separated from justice. A benevolent man can love the people in the right way only after having realized the meaning of justice. As Chu Hsi points out, 'Benevolence is the highest ethical principle, by which one cares for others.' Benevolence is thoroughly applicable: many philanthropic enterprises carried out by the wealthy and influential families in the Song Dynasty were based upon the philosophic teaching of benevolence. That the Song governments were earnestly devoted to social relief was a proof of the success of the intellectuals in promoting the idea of benevolence and justice. And it is arguable that the Song Dynasty, though weak in military might, had been able to survive fierce foreign invasions and to last for more than three centuries because of its good government
Crystal orientation mapping and microindentation reveal anisotropy in Porites skeletons
No full textRaw and processed data from: M.A. Moynihan, S. Amini, J. Oalmann, J.Q.I Chua, J.T.I. Tanzil, T.Y. Fan, A. Miserez, N.F. Goodkin. Crystal orientation mapping and microindentation reveal anisotropy in Porites skeletons (2022), Acta Biomaterialia. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.012
This repository contains micromechanical (nanoindentation) measurements of Porites coral corals, along with electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. Corals samples were collected in Hengchun, Taiwan
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