200,984 research outputs found
Letter, 1913, February 27th, W. P. Fallon to Mrs. M. McClellan Brown [Martha McClellan Brown]
Get PDFA letter from W.P. Fallon to Martha McClellan Brown that the people that were riding the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company line to attend the suffrage parade in Washington have been moved to the Pennsylvania Railroad.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/special_ms147_correspondence/1024/thumbnail.jp
Hydrolysis and Photolysis of Neonicotinoid Insecticides
No full textExcel spreadsheets containing concentration versus time data from experiments used to determine reaction rate constants for the pH-dependent hydrolysis reaction and direct photolysis reactions of neonicotinoid insecticides.Data for the hydrolysis of neonicotinoid insecticides as a function of pH and for photolysis under natural and simulated sunlight.Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust FundTodey, Stephen A; Fallon, Ann M; Arnold, William A. (2018). Hydrolysis and Photolysis of Neonicotinoid Insecticides. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/D6XQ2S
Douglassia antillensis Fallon, 2016, new species
No full text<i>Douglassia antillensis</i>, new species <p>(Plate 58)</p> <p> <i>Cerodrillia thea</i> auct. non (Dall, 1884), is a misidentification by Pointier & Lamy (1998: 159, text photos [Guadeloupe specimen]) and by Massemin <i>et al.</i> (2009: 204, right text photo [Martinique specimen]).</p> <p> <i>Cerodrillia</i> auct. non <i>perryae</i> (Bartsch & Rehder, 1939): Williams (2005; 2009: species 1524, second photo from right only); Jong & Coomans (1988: 112 [Not pictured but may be this species on the basis of their description.]).</p> <p> <i>Cerodrillia</i> aff. <i>perryi</i> [sic] Bartsch & Rehder, 1939: Altena (1975: 62, pl. 7, figs. 3, 4, [off Suriname]) may be this species.</p> <p> <i>Cerodrillia</i> aff. <i>perryae</i> Bartsch & Rehder, 1939: Rios (1975: 132, pl. 40, fig. 593, [off Amapá, Brazil]) may be this species.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype 12.1 x 5.1 mm (USNM 1291338); 19 paratypes, all from the type locality: 3 spec., 11.8 x 5.0, 11.4 x 5.1 & 11.2 x 4.6 mm (ANSP 464988); 3 spec., 11.4 x 4.7, 10.5 x 4.7 & 9.9 x 4.4 mm (USNM 129339); 3 spec., 11.5 x 4.9, 12.7 x 5.3 & 11.4 x 4.9 mm (UF 496637); 3 spec., 11.8 x 5.0, 11.4 x 4.9 & 11.4 x 5.0 mm (MZSP 122064); 3 spec., 11.2 x 4.7 & 12.1 x 4.9 & 11.6 x 4.8 mm (MNRJ 34636); 3 spec., 12.0 x 5.0, 12.3 x 5.2 & 12.1 x 4.9 (BMSM 14988); 1 spec. 11.5 x 4.8 mm (P. Stahlschmidt coll.). All G. Mackintosh! 17, 22 May 1998.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Dragon’s Bay, Grenada, in 24– 26 m.</p> <p> <b>Other material examined.</b> An additional 188 specimens were examined: <i>E Florida:</i> 1 spec., 17.7 x 7.0 mm, off Bath & Tennis Club, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Co., McGinty! 22 May 1951 (UF 228880); 1 spec., 16.1 x 6.9 mm, in 55 m, off Palm Beach, Palm Beach Co, McGinty! 14 Mar 1950 (UF 155623). <i>Bahama Is:</i> 1 spec. 10.3 x 4.5 mm, in 27 m, Gold Rock, Grand Bahama I. (USNM 900127); 1 spec., 9.8 x 4.2 mm, Tamarind, Grand Bahama I. (26°30'45''N, 078°36'00''W) J. Worsfold! (ANSP 368904); 5 spec., 4.8 x 2.3, 5.7 x 2.9, 6.7 x 3.3, 7.0 x 3.6 & 9.5 x 4.5 mm, Grand Bahama I., 26°31'00''N, 078°46'30''W, J Worsfold! (ANSP 374454); 1 spec., 8.7 x 4.3 mm, Indian Cay, Grand Bahama I., 26°43'N, 079°01'W, J. Worsfold! (ANSP 355578); 1 spec., 12.7 x 5.4 mm, Indian Cay, Grand Bahama I., 26°42'45”N, 078°39'15”W, J. Worsfold! (ANSP 366924); 2 spec., 12.7 x 5.7 & 12.7 x 5.5 mm, in 20–21 m, off Cape Eleuthera, Eleuthera I., P. Fallon! 11 Aug 1999 (author’s coll.); 2 spec., 13.6 x 6.1 & 14.7 x 6.0 mm, in 18 m, 2.4 km S of Cape Eleuthera Harbor, Eleuthera I., R. Masino! 5 Jun 2002 (author’s coll.). <i>Turks & Caicos Is:</i> 1 spec., 14.7 x 5.8 mm, in 14 m, off West Caicos I. (USNM 900125); 1 spec., 15.8 x 6.2 mm, in 14 m, off West Caicos I. (UF 355565); 2 spec., 12.7 x 5.4 (proto missing) & 12.8 x 5.4 mm, in 14 m, Turks I., W. Harland! Jun 1989 (UF 470274). <i>Cuba.</i> 2 spec., 13.8 x 5.8 & 12.3 x 5.0 mm, in 18 m, Chorrera Sands, Havana, J. Finlay! (UF 156037). <i>Dominican Republic:</i> 1 spec., 14.1 x 6.5 mm, Las Salinas (USNM 900128). <i>Puerto Rico:</i> 4 spec., 15.0 x 5.9, 13.2 x 5.5, 13.2 x 5.7 & 11.8 x 5.0 mm, in 30 m, Tourmaline Reef, Mayaguez, G. Mackintosh! (author’s coll.). <i>Honduras:</i> 2 spec., 13.6 x 5.9 mm (author’s coll.) & 12.2 x 4.7 mm (USNM 900132), in 12 m, Vivorillo Cays, Bay Is., G. Mackintosh! 12 Aug 1992. <i>Antigua:</i> 2 spec., 14.5 x 6.1 & 13.9 x 5.8 mm, in 9 m, Pelican Bay, Barbuda I. (USNM 900123). <i>Guadeloupe:</i> 1 spec., 10.7 x 4.6 mm, in 15 m, Vieux-Fort (USNM 900124); 1 spec., 11.3 x 5.0 mm, in 14 m, Deshaies, G. Duffy! 12 Oct 1982 (UF 470273); 77 spec., 2.8–14.0 mm (avge. = 6.22 mm), in 5–60 m, at 31 KARUBENTHOS stations, May 2012 (cataloged between MNHN IM-2012-28027 and -28063), and in addition, the following 5 live-taken spec., tabularized below, listing barcode accession numbers for sequenced specimens (others preserved in alcohol):</p> <p> <i>Martinique:</i> 4 spec., 9.6 x 4.4, 10.0 x 4.4, 10.6 x 4.8 & 12.3 x 5.1 mm, in 14–18 m, Grande Anse d'Arlet, G. Mackintosh! 13–14 May, 2002 (author’s coll.); 2 spec., 11.1 x 5.3 & 9.0 x 4.1 mm, in 5 m, Anse d’Arlet (MNHN ex J. Colomb coll.); 2 spec.; 9.8 x 4.0 & 10.3 x 4.5 mm, Pointe Baleine (MNHN ex J. Colomb coll.); 1 spec., 10.7 x 4.6 mm, in 9 m, Ramiers I., G. Mackintosh! 26 Jun 1996 (author’s coll.); 2 spec. <i>St. Vincent & the Grenadines:</i> 1 spec., 12.5 x 5.0 mm, in 14 m, Petit Nevis I., (USNM 900131); 1 spec., 12.7 x 5.6 mm, in 12 m, Petit Nevis I., G.</p> <p> Mackintosh! 13 May 1993 (author’s coll.); 5 spec., 12.2 x 5.0, 11.9 x 4.7, 12.1 x 5.2, 13.2 x 5.7 & 13.0 x 5.5 mm, in 9 m, N Point, Chatham Bay, Union I., SVG, G. Mackintosh! 16 Apr 2007; 2 spec., 10.7 x 4.4 & 10.8 x 4.6, in 32 m, SW Point, Union I., G. Mackintosh! 13 Apr 2007 (author’s coll.); 2 spec., 13.7 x 5.8 & 11.1 x 4.8 mm, in 21 m, Chatham Bay, Union I., R. Masino! (author’s coll.). <i>Grenada:</i> 11 spec., 13.4 x 5.4, 10.8 x 4.4, 10.9 x 4.6, 10.3 x 4.3, 9.4 x 4.2, 11.1 x 4.7, 11.2 x 5.0, 11.1 x 4.8, 12.8 x 5.4, 12.2 x 5.3 & 12.4 x 5.1 mm, in 12–14 m, N end of Flamingo Bay, G. Mackintosh! 15 Apr 2004 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 11.6 x 4.8 mm, in 20 m, Flamingo Bay, G. Mackintosh!, 7 Apr 2004 (author’s coll.); 4 spec., 12.1 x 4.9, 11.5 x 5.0, 12.1 x 5.0 & 10.8 x 4.6 mm, in 12 m, Flamand Bay (author’s coll.); 5 spec., 12.7 x 5.7, 11.5 x 4.9, 10.9 x 4.9, 11.8 x 4.9 & 9.6 x 4.1 mm, in 7 m, S side Moliniere Pt., G. Mackintosh! 25 Jan 2007 (author’s coll.); 2 spec., 10.6 x 4.5 & 10.6 x 4.6 mm, in 18 m, Hillsborough Bay, Carriacou I., G. Mackintosh! 15 May 2005 (author’s coll.); 5 spec., 16.0 x 6.8, 12.5 x 5.3, 14.0 x 5.8, 13.6 x 5.3, 13.1 x 5.4 & 11.5 x 5.1 mm, in 8 m, Hillsborough Bay, Carriacou I., G. Mackintosh! 14 May 2005 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 11.5 x 5.1 mm, in 9 m, NW coast of Carriacou I., G. Mackintosh! 19 Dec 2006 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 14.6 x 5.7 mm, in 15 m, Ronde I., G. Mackintosh! 17 Jun 1998 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 13.6 x 5.6 mm, in 7 m, Ronde I., G. Mackintosh! 7 May 2005 (UF 470275); 1 spec., 14.0 x 5.8 mm, in 11 m, Saline I., G. Mackintosh! 1 Feb 1997 (author’s coll.). <i>Barbados:</i> 1 spec., 9.5 x 4.2 mm, in 139 m, offshore, Blake expedition (MCZ 7072); 1 spec., 16.0 x 6.9 mm, in 183 m, off St. James, F. Sander! 1978. (UF 470276); 2 spec., 11.5 x 5.2 & 11.5 x 4.9 mm, in ca. 180 m, off Holetown, St. James Par., 13°10'52''N, 059°38'30''W, F. Sander! Oct 1978 (ANSP 353510). <i>Netherlands Antilles:</i> 1 spec., 10.9 x 4.9 mm, from old bottle at 130–168 m, Sta. 1 off Sea Aquarium, SW Curaçao, 12°04.87'N, 68°53.75'W, M. Harasewych! aboard <i>Curasub</i>, 23 May 2012 (USNM 1199822 [to be split from <i>D.enae</i>]); 1 spec., 10.7 x 4.9 mm, in 244–274 m, Sta. 13-04 off Sea Aquarium, Bapor Kibra, Willemstad, Curaçao, C. Baldwin! aboard <i>Curasub</i>, Feb 2013 (USNM 1231396). <i>Trinidad & Tobago:</i> 2 spec., 12.9 x 5.3 & 10.2 x 4.4 mm, in 24 m, 0.4 km off Lambeau Beach, Tobago I., R. Masino! (author’s coll.); 3 spec., 14.9 x 6.1, 12.8 x 5.3 & 11.4 x 4.9 mm, in 21 m, 0.4 km ENE of beach, Speyside, Tobago I., R. Masino! (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 11.5 x 4.7 mm, in 17 m, Store Bay, Tobago I., P. Fallon! 11 Nov 1999 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 12.5 x 5.4 mm, in 30 m, Store Bay, Tobago I., G. Mackintosh! 20 Oct 1997 (author’s coll.). <i>Venezuela:</i> 1 spec., 15.0 x 6.5 mm, in 12 m, Tortuga I., G. Mackintosh! 27 Sep 1993 (author’s coll.); 1 spec. 12.8 x 5.3 mm, in 12 m, Tortuga I. (USNM 900129). <i>French Guiana:</i> 3 spec., 15.1 x 5.6, 2.4 x 1.4 & 2.7 x 1.5 mm, in 57 m, GUYANE 2014 Sta. CP4408, 05°36.3'N, 52°09.2'W, 10 Aug 2014 (MNHN not cataloged); 4 spec., 3.3 x 1.6, 3.8 x 2.0, 4.8 x 2.3 & 5.0 x 2.5 mm, in 102–103 m, GUYANE 2014 Sta. CP4390, 05°49'N, 51°28'W, 6 Aug 2014 (MNHN not cataloged); 1 spec., 11.6 x 4.8 mm, in 83–85 m, GUYANE 2014 Sta. CP4383, 06°25.6' N, 52°25.3'W, 4 Aug 2014 (MNHN IM-2012- 43469); 1 spec., 5.6 x 2.6 mm, in 95 m, GUYANE 2014 Sta. DW4359, 06°52.2'N, 53°02.6'W, 30 Jul 2014 (MNHN not cataloged); 4 spec., 2.3 x 1.2, 3.5 x 1.9, 4.2 x 2.0 & 4.7 x 2.2 mm, in 95–97 m, GUYANE 2014 Sta. CP4402, 06°18'N, 52°13.3'W, 8 Aug 2014 (MNHN not cataloged).</p> <p> <b>Range and habitat.</b> E Florida (off Palm Beach Co.); Bahama Is. (Grand Bahama I.; Eleuthera I.); Turks & Caicos Is.; Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; Honduras (Vivorillo Cays); Antigua; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Vincent & the Grenadines; Granada; Barbados; Trinidad & Tobago (Tobago I.); Venezuela (Tortuga I.); Netherlands Antilles (Curaçao I.); and French Guiana. Specimens reported as <i>Cerodrillia perryae</i> in Jong & Coomans (1988: 112) are believed to be this species on the basis of a photograph of a specimen from Curaçao I. provided by M. Faber (pers. comm. 22 Apr 2011). <i>Douglassia antillensis</i> is associated with coral reefs and has been reported from 7–32 m depths on carbonate sand or carbonate sand and coral rubble in reef swales or pockets. Only dead-collected specimens occur at greater depths from off Palm Beach Co. (55 m), from off Barbados (128– 183 m), off Curaçao (244–274 m), and off French Guiana (57–103 m), perhaps transported there from shallower depths by currents.</p> <p> <b> Description. <i>Shell</i></b> small (to 17.7 mm), stoutly fusiform, glossy, truncated anteriorly, whorls up to 11, but more commonly around 9; last whorl approximately 63% of total length; whorls convex with bulging ribs; shell apex acutely pointed. <i>Protoconch</i> conical, of approximately 2½–2¾ glassy, smooth whorls, the exact number difficult to determine because the tip of the first is partially immersed in the second; color golden brown. <i>Axial sculpture</i> of prominent convex ribs, obsolete or absent in sulcus, most prominent and widest on whorl periphery a little below mid-whorl, and evanescent on the shell base below periphery. Rib crests round at whorl periphery but ridged in the sulcal region where ribs are narrower and slightly hooked to the left reflecting outline of anal sinus. Ribs number 8–9 on penultimate and 5–7 on the body whorl to the varix. Axial growth striae present on shell surface, curved in the region of the anal sulcus. <i>Varix</i> located just behind the anal sinus and resembles a cup handle when viewed ventrally. <i>Anal sinus</i> on shoulder adjacent to suture, deep, U-shaped, offset from the shell axis by parietal callus; edge of inner lip of sinus flared. <i>Spiral sculpture</i> of fine threads or ridges, barely visible below the periphery of last whorl, becoming stronger anteriorly on base and anterior fasciole. <i>Outer lip</i> thin, projecting out from the varix; with an irregular axial fold or thin axial rib; edge flexed out at anal sinus, waved below; with a shallow stromboid notch. <i>Inner lip</i> wide, margined, thick anteriorly, thinner on parietal wall, with a thick callus that forms one side of the anal sinus. Lip and callus edge raised by visible layers of successive deposition, especially in more mature specimens. <i>Anterior canal</i> short, open, unnotched, slightly curved to the right viewed ventrally, canal tip with a slightly flared marginal lip. Anterior fasciole not swollen; with about 6 faint spiral ridges. <i>Color</i> shell base dingy white, with a light to dark golden brown band just below body whorl periphery, visible as a narrow band at spire sutures; rib crests dingy white; band’s posterior edge fades to the shell’s base color; the anterior edge is more distinct.</p> <p> <b> Remarks. <i>Taxonomy</i>.</b> <i>Douglassia antillensis</i> has all the key characteristics of the genus: a concave sulcus with obsolete or absent ribs, a 2½- to 2¾-whorl protoconch, spiral microsculpture confined to the base, and a cuphandle-like varix positioned immediately behind the anal sinus. It is the commonest <i>Douglassia</i> in the Antilles, often misidentified as <i>Cerodrillia perryae</i> (Bartsch & Rehder, 1939) in museum collections. Many of the published reports of <i>C. perryae</i> from outside of Florida are also likely this species but cannot be confirmed without accompanying photographs. A list of reports of <i>C. perryae</i> that are likely this species is given in the synonymy list under that species. <b> <i>Variability</i>.</b> The average total length of 210 measured specimens is 9.72 mm (2.8–17.7 mm); the average W/ L ratio of 0.449. Given its relatively wide dispersal, it is fairly uniform in its morphology and color pattern, although there are some regional differences in color—those from the northern limit of its distribution, e. g. Grand Bahama I., appear to be lighter in color, and those from the southern limit (French Guiana) a mostly solid orange-brown color with white rib crests. Specimens are shown from various localities in Plate 58. <i> <i>Identification.</i> Douglassia antillensis</i> most closely resembles <i>D. enae</i> Bartsch, 1934 but differs principally in possessing less angular shoulders, most conspicuously on the last whorl. It also differs in coloration; the central band in <i>D. antillensis</i> tends to be less distinct on its adapical (posterior) margin, and its protoconch is dark, similar to the color of the band. <i>Douglassia enae</i> has a more distinct adapical margin on its central band, and a light colored protoconch. Although their ranges overlap, <i>D. antillensis</i> is reported from shallower water. <i>Douglassia antillensis</i> is often misidentified as <i>C. perryae</i> but is stouter, has 2½–2¾ protoconch whorls, not 1¾–2, and a slightly different color pattern. Because it is stouter, its W/ L ratio is greater (Average W/L = 0.449 for 210 specimens of <i>D. antillensis</i> versus 0.392 for the 17 specimens of <i>C. perryae</i>). The color pattern of <i>D. antillensis</i> is consistent among specimens, even across its much larger range than <i>C. perryae</i>. The latter varies in pattern; i.e., the central band is more variable in width, or even absent. <i>Douglassia antillensis</i> differs from <i>D. moratensis</i>, new species in having less convex body whorl, less prominent ribs on the shoulder, and a different color pattern. <i>Douglassia antillensis</i> has also been confused with <i>C. thea</i> (Dall, 1884), but that species’ spire is taller, color a uniform brown, and ribs shorter and more oblique.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The Antillean <i>Douglassia</i>. Although not strictly confined to the Antilles, <i>D. antillensis</i> appears to be quite common and widespread in this region, especially in the Windward Is.</p>Published as part of <i>Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, pp. 1-363 in Zootaxa 4090 (1)</i> on pages 130-133, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4090.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/263299">http://zenodo.org/record/263299</a>
Splendrillia bahamasensis Fallon, 2016, new species
No full text<i>Splendrillia bahamasensis</i>, new species <p>(Plates 144, 145)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype 16.2 x 6.2 mm (USNM 1291354); 24 paratypes, all from the type locality: 12 spec., 20.4 x 7.8, 16.1 x 6.2, 11.7 x 5.3 & 12.6 x 5.0 mm (USNM 1291355), 14.2 x 5.6, 16.6 x 6.5, 14.0 x 6.0 & 15.1 x 6.0 mm (ANSP 464994), 15.6 x 6.2, 14.2 x 5.6, 14.4 x 5.7 & 15.9 x 6.3 mm (UF 496645), NW side of N Elbow Cay; 2 spec., 15.6 x 5.9 mm (BMSM 14994) & 15.5 x 6.1 mm (BMSM 14992), NW side of N Elbow Cay; 3 spec., 12.3 x 4.9 & 12.5 x 4.9 mm (BMSM 14993) & 14.9 x 5.6 mm (BMSM 14995), NW side of Elbow Cays; 7 spec., 6.9 x 3.2, 7.6 x 3.4 & 7.8 x 3.4 mm (DMNH 240358), 9.8 x 4.1, 12.0 x 5.0, 12.0 x 5.2 & 14.8 x 5.7 mm (MZSP 122071), NW side of Elbow Cay. All types G. Mackintosh! Jan–Feb 1996.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Elbow Cays, Cay Sal Bank, Bahama Is., at 9– 12 m.</p> <p> <b>Other material examined.</b> An additional 84 specimens were examined, all from the Bahama Is.: <i>Grand Bahama I.:</i> 1 spec., 8.6 x 4.4 mm, in 3.7–5 m, S end, Wood Cay, P. Fallon!, 13 Jul 2000 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 10.5 x 4.6 mm, off E side of Freeport Harbor inlet, 26°31'00"N, 078°46'30"W, Worsfold! (ANSP 374479); 7 spec., 2 largest: 11.5 x 4.3 & 11.9 x 5.1 mm, on algae covered rocks Freeport Dist., West End, 26°41'N, 078°58'W, J. Worsfold!, 1981 (ANSP 355569); 1 spec., 6.6 x 2.9 mm, in beach drift, West End, Bob Quigley! 1985 (H.G. Lee coll.); 8 spec., 6 largest: 11.8 x 5.1, 12.0 x 4.6, 9.4 x 3.6, 8.5 x 3.2, 9.4 x 4.0 & 14.2 x 5.3 mm, in 0–0.3 m, Settlement Pt., 26°42'15"N, 078°59'50"W, J. Worsfold! (ANSP 368585); 1 spec., 9.4 x 4.0 mm, in 24 m, Indian Cay, 26°42'45"N, 078°39'15"W, J. Worsfold! (ANSP 366925); 14 very young specimens, 2 measured: 7.0 x 3.0 & 8.5 x 3.5 mm, in 24 m, Gold Rock, 26°30'00''N, 078°22'00''W, J. Worsfold! (ANSP 369705); 5 spec., 4.3 x 2.5, 7.5 x 3.2, 8.1 x 3.5, 8.5 x 3.8 & 9.1 x 4.0 mm, in 24 m, Gold Rock, 20 mi E of Freeport, 26°35'N, 078°22'W, J. Worsfold! 1981 (ANSP 355563); 5 spec., 6.4 x 2.6, 9.4 x 4.0, 3.8 x 2.9, 8.7 x 3.7, & 4.3 mm, in 18–38 m, Lucaya, 26°29'45"N, 078°37'15"W, Worsfold! (ANSP 368081, 368082). <i>Bimini Is.:</i> 1 spec., 12.8 x 4.8 mm, in 1.8 m, Honeymoon Cove, Gun Cay, G. Mackintosh! 26 Feb 1996 (author’s coll.); 2 spec., 13.1 x 5.4 (author’s coll.) & 12.8 x 4.9 (USNM 900130) mm, in 4 m, Honeymoon Cove, Gun Cay, G. Mackintosh! 7 Apr 1994; 7 spec., 6 measured: 14.4 x 5.4, 13.9 x 5.4, 13.0 x 5.0, 10.1 x 4.1, 11.8 x 4.9 & 11.4 x 4.3 mm, Gun Cay, Bimini Is., McGinty! 21 May 1947 (UF 155958). <i>Berry Is.:</i> 1 spec., 10.0 x 4.2 mm, in 0.9 m, Hoffmans Cay, Pat Bingham! 20 Jun 1998 (H.G. Lee coll.). <i>Exuma Cays:</i> 4 spec., 10.4 x 4.6, 10.2 x 3.9, 11.3 x 4.5 & 11.6 x 5.0 mm, Ship Channel Cay, H. Dodge! (USNM 598737). <i>Cay Sal Bank:</i> 2 spec. 11.7 x 4.9 and 14.6 x 6.2 mm, in 9.8–11 m, E side of Dog Rocks, G. Mackintosh!, 15, 22 Feb 1996 (author’s coll.); 17 spec., 11.8 x 5.1, 12.9 x 5.3, 13.7 x 5.6, 13.5 x 5.5, 12.8 x 5.4, 13.5 x 5.4, 14.4 x 5.6, 14.4 x 5.7, 15.1 x 5.8, 14.8 x 6.0, 15.7 x 5.8, 15.5 x 6.1, 15.6 x 6.4, 16.4 x 6.4, 16.5 x 6.3, 16.2 x 6.2 & 13.7 x 5.5 mm, in 10 m, W side of Dog Rocks, G. Mackintosh! 24 Feb 1996 (author’s coll.); 1 spec., 11.5 x 4.5 mm, in 11 m, Cay Sal, G. Mackintosh!, 21 Apr 1994 (author’s coll.); 6 spec., 9.5 x 4.4, 10.2 x 5.5, 14.5 x 5.9 (all decollate) & 16.6 x 6.6 (author’s coll.), 9.2 x 4.2 & 9.2 x 4.3 (USNM 900111) mm, in 9 m, NW side of Elbow Cay, G. Mackintosh! 11 Jan 1966.</p> <p> <b>Range and habitat.</b> Bahama Is. (Grand Bahama I.; Bimini Is.; Berry Is.; Exuma Cays, and Cay Sal Bank). Reported from shallow sandy bottoms and on hard surfaces in approximately 2– 24 m.</p> <p> <b> Description. <i>Shell</i></b> small (to 20.4 mm); fusiform, truncated anteriorly; glossy, whorls appressed, with sloping shoulders, convex below; body whorl large compared to the spire, 62.0% of total length. <i>Protoconch</i> paucispiral, of approximately 2 smooth round whorls, the tip of the first partially submerged; the second larger than the first. <i>Axial sculpture</i> of broad low ribs, crests of most ribs rounded anteriorly, becoming narrower near the sulcus then terminating at sulcus; evanesce on shell base. Ribs slightly oblique on early whorls, but progressively less so to body whorl; absent between the varix and edge of outer lip; about as wide as their interspaces. Ribs 8 on penultimate (6–10), 6 to varix on body whorl (4–8 on specimens with a varix). Heavy, compact growth striae cover shell surface. <i>Spiral sculpture</i> of microscopic spiral lines overall, mostly obscured by dense striae; with weak spiral ridges on the anterior fasciole. <i>Sulcus</i> broad, slightly concave, about ¼ spire whorl height, with trace swellings of reduced ribs. <i>Varix</i> broader and higher than preceding ribs, positioned about ⅓-turn from the edge of the outer lip. <i>Outer lip</i> smooth, thick, juts out somewhat and flexed inward at its edge; a slight indentation present anteriorly suggests a stromboid notch. <i>Anal sinus</i> moderately deep in mature individuals, adjoins suture near back of sinus, behind parietal callus. <i>Inner lip</i> very thin, not margined, except in old shells; erect anteriorly near tip of canal, thin on parietal wall, ends in a low callus at suture line. <i>Anterior canal</i> short but distinct, open, notched. <i>Columella</i> slightly twisted to the left anteriorly viewed ventrally; anterior fasciole slightly swollen. <i>Color</i> white with light pink to rose-colored bands mid-whorl and anteriorly; dark rose-colored streaks between ribs, and on apertural side of varix. Other forms are patterned similarly with brownish orange, or a combination of brownishorange and rose; all white forms also occur.</p> <p> <b> Remarks. <i>Taxonomy</i>.</b> <i>Splendrillia bahamasensis</i> has all the important characteristics of <i>Splendrillia</i>: a smooth sulcus, axial ribs that terminate at the sulcus, a hump-like varix located about ⅓-turn from the edge of the outer lip, and an anal sinus that adjoins the suture at its rear. It is unique among <i>Splendrillia</i> in possessing heavy growth striae. <b> <i>Variability</i>.</b> The average length of 85 specimens is 12.24 mm (3.8–20.4 mm); the average W/ L ratio of 54 measured specimens is 0.413. Although color varies, no geographic pattern in the occurrence of pink or brownish orange forms could be discerned. All-white (dingy white) forms are rare. <i> <i>Identification.</i> Splendrillia bahamasensis</i> is commonly misidentified as <i>S. coccinata</i> (Reeve, 1845) by collectors and in museum collections; perhaps hampered by the absence of a published photograph of a <i>S. coccinata</i> type. Authors including the Bahama Is. in the range of <i>S. coccinata</i> have probably misidentified this species; the occurrence of verified specimens of <i>S. coccinata</i> is limited to the lower Lesser Antilles (see description of <i>S. coccinata</i>). <i>Splendrillia bahamasensis</i> is most easily distinguished from its congeners by its heavy growth striae. It also differs from <i>S. coccinata</i> by its larger maximum total length (20.4 versus 10.0 mm), straighter and fewer ribs. <i>Splendrillia bahamasensis</i> is also larger than <i>S. interpunctata</i> (largest 20.4 versus 16.5 mm). The ribs of <i>S. interpunctata</i> are narrower, more oblique, and sharper at their crests. While growth striae are noticeably present in <i>S. interpunctata</i>, they are not as dense so the shell still appears translucent, which is not the case for <i>S. bahamasensis</i>.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The Bahamas <i>Splendrillia</i>. Named for the country of the type locality and where all specimens reported here have been found.</p>Published as part of <i>Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, pp. 1-363 in Zootaxa 4090 (1)</i> on pages 283-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4090.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/263299">http://zenodo.org/record/263299</a>
Leptadrillia luciae Fallon, 2016, new species
No full textLeptadrillia luciae, new species (Plate 112) Type material. Holotype 11.0 x 3.7 mm (USNM 1199828); 4 paratypes from the type locality: 10.1 x 3.3, 10.0 x 3.1, 8.8 x 3.0 & 7.8 x 2.6 mm (USNM 1199872). All from inside beer bottles retrieved by M. Harasewych! aboard submersible Curasub, 23 May 2012. Type locality. Off Sea Aquarium, Bapor Kibra, Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 12 °04.87'N, 68 ° 53.75 'W, in glass bottles collected at 130– 168 m. Range and habitat. Known only from the type locality. Empty shells collected from in bottles at 130–168 m depths. Description. Shell small (to 11.0 mm in total length), glossy, semi-translucent, narrowly fusiform with a long anterior canal and surface sculpture of axial ribs; whorls slightly convex, their peripheries are anterior to whorl midpoints appearing to “sag” near the suture of succeeding whorl; whorls total up to 9, the last about 59 % of total length. Protoconch of 2 smooth, translucent whorls; tip of first partially immersed. Axial sculpture of narrow ribs that run from suture-to-suture on spire whorls, to anterior fasciole on last, number 9 on penultimate and 8 to varix on last whorl; ribs recurved on shoulder, sigmoidal on last whorl; interspaces about as wide as their width; rib crests round. Vari x rather large, protruding, broader and higher than preceding ribs; straight, not sigmoidal. Spiral sculpture absent except for approximately 12 faint threads on and adjacent to anterior fasciole. Sulcus obscure; ribs and growth striae on shoulder recurved, reflecting outline of the anal sinus. Outer lip missing on all specimens in hand, which were collected as empty shells. Anal sinus also missing, but which may not have been fully developed on these specimens, which appear juvenile as there is no sign of the development of a callus on the parietal wall. Inner lip narrow, thin, unemarginate. Anterior canal long, open; fasciole not swollen. Color base tan with a subsutural light golden brown band; varix also light golden brown. Remarks. Taxonomy. Leptadrillia luciae has all of the characteristics of the genus: a spindly shell with a long anterior canal, ribs that extend from suture-to-suture, no sulcus, and no spiral sculpture except for threads near and on the anterior fasciole. This species may be unique for the large size of its large varix. Variability. The average total length of five specimens is 9.54 mm (7.8 –11.0 mm); their average W/ L ratio is 0.329. The faded condition of available specimens precludes assessment of the variability in color pattern. Identification. Leptadrillia luciae is very close in color pattern and size to L. incarnata, new species but differs in possessing less convex ribs with whorl peripheries closer to the sutures, a broader yellow-brown shoulder band, and a larger varix. Color has mostly faded in the dead-collected paratypes, but a trace of the band is still visible. The color pattern differentiates this species from all other Leptadrillia. From L. splendida Bartsch, 1934 it also differs in possessing less convex whorls and straighter ribs. From L. flavomaculata, new species it differs in having broader ribs and shell (W/ L ratio is 0.329 versus 0.313). Etymology. Lucy’s Leptadrillia; named after my granddaughter, Lucy Lillian Fallon, who arrived just days before completing this species’ description.Published as part of Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, pp. 1-363 in Zootaxa 4090 (1) on pages 226-227, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4090.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26329
Pain related to cancer treatments and diagnostic procedures: a no man's land?
No full textWhile guidelines are available for the management of cancer-related pain, little attention is given to the assessment and treatment of pain caused by treatments and diagnostic procedures in cancer patients. We evaluated the literature on pain related to cancer treatment and diagnostic procedures within a critical analysis. The data available are sparse, suggesting that little attention has been directed at this important aspect of oncology. This points to potentially suboptimal patient management. Appropriate studies are necessary in order to understand the incidence and appropriate management of pain, both during and/or after oncological treatments and diagnostic procedures. At the same time, Health Care Professionals should have heightened awareness of the causes and treatment of pain with the aim of anticipating and managing pain most appropriately for each individual patient. This is clearly an important component of holistic patient care before, during, and after oncological treatment
Calliclava tobagoensis Fallon, 2016, new species
No full textCalliclava tobagoensis, new species (Plate 18) Clathrodrillia tryonii auct. non (Dall, 1889): is a misidentification by Williams (2005; 2009: species 1546 [R photo pair only]) and likely this species. Type material. Holotype 11.3 x 4.3 mm (USNM 1291324); 56 paratypes: 5 [of a total of 11] spec., 11.5 x 4.4, 11.4 x 4.1, 10.7 x 4.0, 9.8 x 3.8 & 9.2 x 3.6 mm, from on soft carbonate and mineral sand, 0.8 km W of Pigeon Point, Tobago I., R. Masino! (UF 496633); 16 spec., 12.6 x 4.7, 12.7 x 4.9, 9.5 x 3.7, 10.3 x 3.9 & 10.5 x 4.0 mm (MNRJ 34640), 10.8 x 4.0, 8.8 x 3.4, 9.9 x 3.9, 11.2 x 4.2, 10.1 x 4.1, 9.7 x 3.7, 9.5 x 3.7, 11.8 x 4.4 & 12.8 x 4.8 mm (MZSP 122056), 10.2 x 3.9 & 10.2 x 4.2 mm (author’s coll.), in 23 m, 2.4 km NNW of Crown Pt., Store Bay, Tobago I., R. Masino!; 13 [of 21] spec., 12.5 x 4.8, 11.4 x 4.4, 11.2 x 4.3, 11.6 x 4.4 & 11.5 x 4.4 mm (USNM 1291325), 10.8 x 4.1, 11.7 x 4.2, 11.4 x 4.4, 11.7 x 4.4, 10.4 x 4.0, 11.1 x 4.2, 9.7 x 4.0 & 10.0 x 3.9 mm (ANSP 464982), in 10–30 m on silty fine sand, Store Bay, Tobago I., N. Deynzer!; 4 [of 6] spec., 9.5 x 4.1, 7.2 x 3.2 mm (BMSM 14986), 12.0 x 4.5 mm (BMSM 14984) & 11.6 x 4.7 mm (BMSM 14985), in 15–24 m, on silty fine sand, Store Bay, Tobago I., P. Fallon! 8, 11 Nov 1999; 2 spec., 10.0 x 4.1 & 9.5 x 3.8 mm, in 15–18 m, Store Bay, Tobago I., G. Mackintosh! Mar 2002 (P. Stahlschmidt coll.). Type locality. 2.4 km NNW of Crown Pt., Store Bay, Tobago I., Trinidad & Tobago in 23 m. Other material examined. An additional 18 specimens were examined: 2 spec., 10.9 x 4.5 & 9.8 x 4.0 mm, in 7–11 m, off Buccoo Point, Tobago, C.W. Sheafer! May 1958 (UF 156118); 14 spec., 11.4 x 4.8, 11.7 x 4.5, 11.1 x 4.5 & 11.0 x 4.7 mm (USNM 1291326), 11.1 x 4.6 mm (ANSP 464971), 10.1 x 3.9, 11.5 x 4.7 & 10.1 x 4.2 mm (ANSP 464981), 10.0 x 4.2, 10.6 x 4.3, 10.2 x 4.1 & 12.0 x 4.6 mm (MZSP 122055), 10.8 x 4.4 & 10.5 x 4.2 mm (author’s coll.), in 9 m, Maracas Bay, Trinidad I., G. Mackintosh! 8 Dec 2003; 1 spec., 11.9 x 4.6 mm, in 90–100 m, Nieuwpoort, Curaçao, T. McCleery! May 2004 (P. Stahlschmidt coll.); 1 spec., 12.0 x 4.5 mm, in 10–12 m, off Malmok Beach, Aruba, Neth. Antilles, M. Coltro!, Sep 2004 (P. Stahlschmidt coll.). Range and habitat. Trinidad & Tobago (Tobago I.; Trinidad I.); Netherlands Antilles (Curaçao; Aruba). Reported from on fine silty sands in a relatively sheltered bay in 9– 24 m. Description. Shell small (to 12.8 mm), fusiform, glossy, translucent between ribs and spiral threads; whorls convex, about 9 ¾ total, the last approximately 57 % of total length; sulcus present, about ¼-whorl height; principal sculptural element of ribs and spiral threads. Protoconch approximately 1 ¾– 2 ¼ whorls, a clearly visible carina arising about ¼-turn from the tip beginning mid-whorl, but is sub-peripheral beginning on 2 nd; the 2 nd whorl is wider than first teleoconch whorl, the protoconch appearing somewhat bulbous. Axial sculpture of numerous narrow, opisthocline ribs, suture-to-suture; recurved in sulcus and extending to anterior fasciole on last, 14–15 on penultimate, 10–13 on last whorl to varix or to varix crest where they often appear; rib interspaces much wider than ribs. Varix broad, hump-like, approximately ⅓-turn from edge of outer lip. Spiral sculpture of flattened threads, interspaces less than thread width, or alternatively, wide grooves evenly spaced creating the appearance of flattened threads, closer and narrower in sulcus; threads override axials giving them a somewhat nodulose appearance. Sulcus convex, with 4–6 closely packed spiral threads, together appearing like a wide subsutural fold. Outer lip flattened from varix to edge of lip thus projecting out from the curvature of the shell in apical view; with up to 5 axial folds; lip edge forms a flat arc from anal sinus to the stromboid notch, and is inflected at anterior canal, bent inward posteriorly. Stromboid notch deep, edge flared. Anal sinus deep, mid-way on whorl shoulder, U-shaped, entrance slightly constricted by callus on parietal wall; outward flare of sinus edge gives the appearance of being spout-like. Inner lip erect anteriorly where a chink forms between it and fasciole on older specimens, recumbent and wider on parietal wall, and formed into a lobe posteriorly; successive growth increments visible on edge of lip. Anterior canal open, moderately long, turned to the right when viewed ventrally; canal end upturned, and notched asymmetrically across its width. Anterior fasciole slightly swollen with spiral threads on surface forming a marginal ridge along its adapical edge. Color pink with light orange-yellow maculation between ribs in the sulcus; flesh-colored with light brown between ribs in the sulcus; brownish-pink with a whitish mid-whorl band and rib crests, sulcus and above suture darker, apex pink and a brown stain on the varix, or lavender pink with light brown between ribs in the sulcus and a brown-stained varix. Remarks. Taxonomy. Calliclava tobagoensis has all of the characteristics of the genus: numerous ribs that extend from suture-to-suture with a distinctly delineated sulcus, conspicuous spiral grooves (threads) across intercostal spaces, and a protoconch with both whorls carinate. Variability. The average total length of 54 specimens is 10.79 mm (7.2–12.8 mm) and their average W/ L ratio is 0.392. Specimens vary in color by locality (of examined specimens); those from Store Bay, Tobago I. are brownish-pink, have a whitish mid-whorl band and rib crests, darker sulcus, pink apex; and brown-stained varix. Those from Maracas Bay, Trinidad I. are lavender pink and have light brown between ribs in the sulcus, and a brown stained varix. Specimens from the latter locality are stouter than those from the former. The Trinidadian 14 have an average W/ L ratio of 0.406, compared to the slimmer W/ L ratio of 0.386 of the 39 Tobagoan specimens. These differences in color and form are not believed to merit their separation at species level, but further study is merited. Identification. Calliclava tobagoensis may be confused with Agladrillia rhodochroa (Dautzenberg, 1900), which is similar in size, color, and sculpture. The distinctions are that A. rhodochroa has a smooth almost translucent last whorl dorsum, without axials, the varix precedes the edge of the outer lip by about ½-turn, and has a “pinched” anterior canal, unlike the more even tapered one of C. tobagoensis. Calliclava tobagoensis is also similar to C. fasciata, new species but differs in being smaller, differently colored, and has some minor differences in shell morphology. The average total length of C. tobagoensis is 10.8 mm versus 16.70 mm for the larger C. fasciata. Calliclava tobagoensis has a fairly uniformlycolored shell with maculations in the intercostal spaces on whorl shoulders; C. fasciata has a white shell with a wide, mid-whorl spiral color band. From Calliclava vigorata, new species it differs in being smaller (average total length of 10.80 mm versus 14.08 mm), in possessing a narrower last whorl and an anterior canal that is straighter, not bent as much to the right as in C. vigorata, when viewed ventrally. Etymology. The Tobago Calliclava, named for the island in which its type locality is located.Published as part of Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, pp. 1-363 in Zootaxa 4090 (1) on pages 49-51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4090.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26329
Bellaspira aurantiaca Fallon, 2016, new species
No full textBellaspira aurantiaca, new species (Plate 5) Type material. Holotype 10.3 x 4.6 mm, B. Schilling! Jan 1984 (UF 355560). 7 paratypes: 3 spec., 9.4 x 4.1, 5.4 x 2.8 & 4.2 x 2.3 mm, in 55 m, 40 km SE of Pensacola, B. Schilling! Jan 1984 (UF 355564); 2 spec., 11.2 x 4.6 & 5.8 x 3.1 mm, in 71–74 m, Bouma Bank, Louisiana, 28 °03.439'N, 092° 26.978 'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 30 Jun 2001 (EFG 23280); 1 spec., 11.4 x 4.5 mm, in 100 m off Alabama, 29 ° 14 'N, 88 ° 16 'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 16 Oct 1994 (EFG 14577); 1 spec., 10.6 x 4.4 mm, in 26 m off Destin, Okaloosa Co., W Florida, T.L. Moise! Oct 1951 (ANSP 194052). Type locality. 4 km SE of Pensacola, Escambia Co., W Florida, in 55 m depth. Other material examined. An additional 11 specimens were examined: 3 spec., 10.0 x 4.2, 8.9 x 4.1 & 8.7 x 4.1 mm, in 88 m, Ewing Bank, Louisiana, 28 ° 4.57 'N, 090° 59.99 'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 4 Jul 2003 (EFG 24651); 1 spec., 9.0 x 3.7 mm, in 60–70 m, Sackett Bank, Louisiana, 28 ° 38.16 'N, 089° 33.19 'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 7 Jun 2004 (EFG 25191); 1 spec., 9.1 x 4.3 mm, in 140 m, off Alabama, 29 ° 21 'N, 87 ° 42 'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 15 Oct 1994 (EFG 14539); 2 spec., 7.9 x 3.5 & 7.8 x 3.5 mm, in 55 m, SW of Panama City, Bay Co., W Florida, J. Moore! 1965 (EFG 11797); 1 spec., 7.8 x 3.4 mm, in 55 m, Cedar Keys, Levi Co., W Florida (USNM 900085); 3 spec., 6.9 x 3.1, 6.5 x 3.3 & 5.7 x 2.9 mm, in 183–213 m, SE of Looe Key, Florida Keys, J. Moore! Sep 1964 (USNM 900240). Range and habitat. Louisiana; Alabama; W Florida (off Escambia Co.; off Okaloosa Co.; off Levi Co.); Florida Keys (off lower Keys). Most depth reports are between 50–100 m, exceptionally as shallow as 26 m and deep as 183 m. Description. Shell small (to 11.4 mm), stoutly fusiform, truncated anteriorly; up to a total of 8 whorls, moderately convex to swollen, sutures impressed, undulant over and under rib terminations, last whorl large, approximately 64 % of total shell length. Protoconch of approximately 1 ½– 1 ¾ glossy-smooth, round whorls. Axial sculpture of prominent, oblique ribs that run suture-to-suture and evanesce low on the shell base, their interspaces wider than the ribs; 5–8 ribs on penultimate, 3–6 on last whorl to the varix. Rib crests round. Ribs tend to align but vary among individuals from fully aligned to offset, especially on last whorl. Growth striae microscopic. Varix is an expanded last rib, within ⅓-turn of outer lip’s edge, not always in alignment with previous whorl’s rib. Spiral sculpture of closely spaced threads over entire teleoconch, made jagged by growth striae; somewhat coarser threads are more widely spaced on anterior fasciole. Sulcus absent; somewhat reduced and slightly curved ribs are the only trace of the anal sinus. Outer lip thin, usually without axial folds; edge forming a low arc from anal sinus to end of the anterior canal. Stromboid notch weak. Anal sinus a wide but shallow indentation of outer lip’s edge when shell is viewed laterally; aperture an inverted V-shape at the junction of the inner and outer lips when shell is viewed ventrally; callus present on parietal wall, and inside of outer lip in sinus of older specimens. Inner lip recumbent, margined and edge slightly erect on anterior canal, not margined on parietal wall, ending in a low callus posteriorly. Anterior canal short, wide, open, and turned to the left when viewed ventrally; notch present on its end; anterior fasciole not swollen. Color off white with a variable central brownish orange band that may cover the entire whorl except for rib crests, or be reduced to a just the rib interspaces. Remarks. Taxonomy. Bellaspira aurantiaca has all the principal characteristics of the genus, including the typical anal sinus, ribs suture-to-suture, varix represented by an enlarged rib, and spiral incised lines overall. Unique to this species is the presence of relatively coarse spiral threads (consequently shell surface is not glossy) and brownish-orange shell color pattern. Variability. The average length of 19 measured specimens is 8.24 mm (4.2–11.4 mm) and their average W/L is 0.460. Observed variation occurs principally in color and the arrangement of ribs. Color varies from pure white to almost completely brownish orange. The brownish orange may appear in a solid spiral band, or be confined to just the rib interspaces. Rib arrangement may be strictly aligned as is usually the case in B. pentagonalis (Dall, 1889), or unaligned. Identification. This species is recognizable by its brownish orange color and whitish ribs. It differs from B. pentagonalis in possessing coarser spiral microsculpture (the shell is not as glossy) and a different coloration. From B. amplicostata, new species, it differs in possessing fewer and narrower ribs, and a different coloration. Etymology. The Orange-colored Bellaspira, from the Latin adjective aurantiacus, feminine aurantiaca, meaning orange-colored. Named after the unique and outstanding feature of this species—its color.Published as part of Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, pp. 1-363 in Zootaxa 4090 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4090.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26329
Recommended from our members
Development of remedial process options: Phase II, Feasibility study: Installation Restoration Program, Naval Air Station Fallon, Fallon, Nevada
No full textThis technical memorandum develops process options which are appropriate for environmental restoration activities at Naval Air Station Fallon (NAS Fallon), Nevada. Introduction of contaminants to the environment has resulted from deliberate disposal activities (both through dumping and landfilling) and accidental spills and leaks associated with normal activities at NAS Fallon over its lifetime of operation. Environmental sampling results indicate that the vast majority of contaminants of concern are petroleum hydrocarbon related. These contaminants include JP-4, JP-5, leaded and unleaded gasoline, waste oils and lubricants, hydraulic fluids, and numerous solvents and cleaners. The principal exposure pathways of concern associated with NAS Fallon contaminants appear to be the surface flows and shallow drainage systems to which the base contributes. Available data indicate NAS Fallon IR Program sites are not contributing excessive contamination to surface flows emanating from the base. Contaminants appear to be contained in a relatively immobile state in the shallow subsurface with little or no contaminant migration off site
Lissodrillia cabofrioensis Fallon, 2016, new species
No full textLissodrillia cabofrioensis, new species (Plate 121) Splendrillia espyra auct. non (Woodring, 1928), a misidentification by Rios (1985: 140, pl. 47, fig. 643), is likely this species. Syntomodrillia espyra auct. non Woodring, 1928: Rios (1994: 163, pl. 54, fig. 735); Rios (2009: 314, sp. 799), is likely this species. Type material. Holotype 7.4 x 2.9 mm (MZSP 122068); 6 paratypes, all from the type locality: 7.5 x 2.7 & 7.2 x 2.6 mm (ANSP 464992); 6.9 x 2.7 & 7.3 x 2.6 mm (UF 496644); and 6.5 x 2.5 & 6.4 x 2.6 mm (MNRJ 34638). Type locality. Off Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, in 100 m depth. Range and habitat. Confirmed specimens are only from the type locality. Rios’ report of S. espyra Woodring, 1928 from off São Tomé, Rio de Janeiro, with an overall range from Espirito Santo to Rio de Janeiro states, Brazil, would apply here if they prove to be the same. Reported from 100 m depth. Rios’ report (for Syntomodrillia espyra, Woodring, 1928) indicates a possible depth range of 45– 100 m. Description. Shell very small (to 7.5 mm), glossy, narrowly fusiform, of 6 ½ slightly convex whorls with appressed sutures and low, short axial ribs. Protoconch of approximately 2 smooth, large (relative to shell size) whorls, the first mostly submerged so that the protoconch appears blunt; beginning of growth striae taken as onset of teleoconch. Axial sculpture of low opisthocline axial ribs very much reduced in the sulcus, fade just below the whorl’s periphery such that they appear like nodules; width of the ribs less than their interspaces, 10–13 on the penultimate and 10–12 on the body whorl. Axials on body whorl sometimes obscured by strong growth striae. Spiral sculpture absent. Sulcus with reduced to obsolete ribs, but with arcuate growth striae reflecting the outline of the anal sinus. Varix obsolete. Outer lip thin, with a very shallow stromboid notch. Anal sinus a deep notch; outer edge divergent, such that it and the edge of the outer lip trace a reverse “S” when viewed laterally. Inner lip is very thin to absent on the parietal wall, thicker on the anterior canal, and terminates in a slight swelling near the posterior sinus. Columella curved slightly to the left. Anterior canal short, wide, unnotched, with heavy growth striae on anterior fasciole. Color caramel, a lighter, narrow band below the whorl periphery visible only on the body whorl; rib crests paler. Remarks. Taxonomy . Lissodrillia cabofrioensis is a small, glossy species that lacks spiral ornamentation, and has anal sinus that is a deep notch with a divergent outer edge characteristic of Lissodrillia. Its short, low ribs that are reduced in the sulcus are uncharacteristic. Variability. The average length of seven specimens is 7.03 mm (6.4– 7.5 mm) and average W/L is 0.379. Little variability is exhibited by the specimens examined. Identification. Lissodrillia cabofrioensis is similar to Bellaspira rosea, new species of the same color and size of a form of that species and taken from the same general area. It can be distinguished from that species by the absence of spiral grooves or threads on the anterior fasciole, its deeper anal sinus, lack of spiral incised lines, and its opisthocline ribs (straight in B. rosea). It is also similar in size and color to a second species in a different genus, Cerodrillia brasiliensis, new species, but that species has axial ribs extending to the suture, a proportionally large cup-handlelike varix, and spiral ridges on its base and anterior fasciole (Plate 23). Splendrillia vinki (Jong & Coomans, 1988) is similar, but larger and has more prominent ribs. Etymology. The Cabo Frio Lissodrillia. Named after the type locality.Published as part of Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, pp. 1-363 in Zootaxa 4090 (1) on pages 239-241, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4090.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26329
- …
