1,721,011 research outputs found
Risolvere problemi in apprendimento cooperativo
No full textL'articolo presenta un'esperienza didattica di insegnamento-appendimento della matematica attraverso il cooperative learnin
Matematica in gruppo: perchè è possibile
No full textIl coopeative learning applicato all'appredimento della matematica ella scuola primari
Dietary Intake of Meat Cooking-Related Mutagens (HCAs) and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textMuch evidence suggests that the positive association between meat intake and
colorectal adenoma (CRA) and cancer (CRC) risk is mediated by mutagenic compounds generated
during cooking at high temperature. A number of epidemiological studies have estimated the
effect of meat-related mutagens intake on CRC/CRA risk with contradictory and sometimes
inconsistent results. A literature search was carried out (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus)
to identify articles reporting the relationship between the intake of meat-related mutagens
(2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]
quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline: DiMeIQx, benzo(a) pyrene
(B(a)P) and “meat derived mutagenic activity” (MDM)) and CRC/CRA risk. A random-effect model
was used to calculate the risk association. Thirty-nine studies were included in the systematic review
and meta-analysis. Polled CRA risk (15229 cases) was significantly increased by intake of PhIP
(OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13,1.28; p < 0.001), MeIQx (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05,1.23; p = 0.001), DiMeIQx
(OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.05,1.21; p = 0.001), B(a)P (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02,1.19; p = 0.017) and MDM
(OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07,1.28; p = 0.001). A linear and curvilinear trend was observed in dose–response
meta-analysis between CRA risk in association with PhIP, MDM, and MeIQx. CRC risk (21,344 cases)
was increased by uptake of MeIQx (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04,1.25; p = 0.004), DiMeIQx (OR = 1.12;
95% CI: 1.02,1.22; p = 0.014) and MDM (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06,1.19; p < 0.001). No publication bias
could be detected, whereas heterogeneity was in some cases rather high. Mutagenic compounds
formed during cooking of meat at high temperature may be responsible of its carcinogenicit
Maternal Folate Intake and Risk of Childhood Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBACKGROUND:
Many epidemiological studies have investigated the effect of maternal diet and prenatal multivitamin supplementation on pediatric cancer risk. Childhood brain and spinal cord tumors (CBSCT) have been attributed to different possible risk factors.
METHODS:
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal folate intake before and during pregnancy and the risk of CBSCT. We systematically reviewed publications obtained by searching the Insitute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge and PubMed literature databases. We extracted the risk estimate of the highest and the lowest reported categories of intake from each study and conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model.
RESULTS:
The results of the pooled analysis of all 10 studies, 1 cohort and 9 case-control studies, indicated that maternal folate intake was inversely associated with CBSCT risk (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.67-0.88, p < 0.001; I2 = 51.22%, p = 0.001). Separate analyses on the basis of the source of folate (folic acid supplementation, dietary folate) and in relation to the timing of exposure (before pregnancy, during pregnancy) found that folic acid supplementation was associated with an approximately 23% reduction in -CBSCT risk (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.66-0.90, p = 0.001; I2 = 53.18%, p = 0.001) and consumption during pregnancy was associated with an approximately 20% reduction in CBSCT risk (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.97, p = 0.020; I2 = 62.48%, p < 0·001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Maternal consumption of folic acid is associated with a reduced risk of CBSCT. Further investigations are necessary to increase the reliability of the results and estimate the relationship between dose-response and the best outcome
Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in adult subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) constitutes a relevant public health burden. Several studies have demonstrated the association between diet and MetS. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an estimate of the association between dietary patterns defined through a posteriori methods and MetS. A literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, up to March 2019, was conducted to identify all eligible case-control, prospective, or cross-sectional studies involving adult subjects of both sexes. Random-effects models were used. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Stratified analyses were conducted on study characteristics. Forty observational studies were included in the meta-analysis, which identified the "Healthy" and the "Meat/Western" dietary patterns. The "Healthy" pattern was associated with reduced MetS risk (OR = 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79-0.91) and significantly decreased the risk in both sexes and in Eastern countries, particularly in Asia. Adherence to the "Meat/Western" pattern increased MetS risk (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.09-1.29) and the association persisted in the stratified analysis by geographic area (Asia, Europe, America) and study design. Lifestyle is linked to risk of developing MetS. The "Healthy" and "Meat/Western" patterns are significantly associated with reduced and increased MetS risk, respectively. Nutrition represents an important modifiable factor affecting MetS risk
Inaccurate data in meta-analysis; ' A posteriori dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies'
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