3,093 research outputs found
Josef Fulka
No full textJosef Fulka explore la relation entre la philosophie française du XXe siècle (la dite French theory) et la psychanalyse, comme dans son ouvrage de 2008 intitulé Psychoanalýza a francouzské myšlení. Célèbre pour ses nombreuses traductions du français, il a passé en tchèque les textes de Derrida, Foucault, Barthes mais aussi d'Étienne Balibar. Son dernier ouvrage s'interroge sur la pensée de Roland Barthes (Roland Barthes: od ideologie k fantasmatu, 2010). Il enseigne la philosophie à la Facult..
Josef Fulka
No full textJosef Fulka explores the link between French theory and psychoanalysis (Psychoanalýza a francouzské myšlení, 2008), and is also famous for his many translations of 20th century French philosophy (Derrida, Foucault, Barthes, Balibar). His last book deals for instance with Barthes's thought (Roland Barthes: od ideologie k fantasmatu, 2010). He teaches philosophy at the Faculty of Humanities (Charles University, Prague) and works as a researcher at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. ..
Omne vivum ex ovo: the oocyte reprogramming and remodeling activities
No full textThe mammalian oocyte is a unique cell, and comprehending its physiology and biology is essential for understanding fertilization, totipotency and early events of embryogenesis. Consequently, research in these areas influences the outcomes of various technologies, for example, the production and conservation of laboratory and large animals with rare and valuable genotypes, the rescue of the species near extinction, as well as success in human assisted reproduction. Nevertheless, even the most advanced and sophisticated reproductive technologies of today do not always guarantee a favorable outcome. Elucidating the interactions of oocyte components with its natural partner cell - the sperm or an 'unnatural' somatic nucleus, when the somatic cell nucleus transfer is used is essential for understanding how totipotency is established and thus defining the requirements for normal development. One of the crucial aspects is the stoichiometry of different reprogramming and remodeling factors present in the oocyte and their balance. Here, we discuss how these factors, in combination, may lead to the formation of a new organism. We focus on the laboratory mouse and its genetic models, as this species has been instrumental in shaping our understanding of early post-fertilization events
Nucleus reprogramming/remodeling through selective enucleation (SE) of immature oocytes and zygotes: a nucleolus point of view
No full textIt is now approximately 25 years since the sheep Dolly, the first cloned mammal where the somatic cell nucleus from an adult donor was used for transfer, was born. So far, somatic cell nucleus transfer, where G1-phase nuclei are transferred into cytoplasts obtained by enucleation of mature metaphase II (MII) oocytes followed by the activation of the reconstructed cells, is the most efficient approach to reprogram/remodel the differentiated nucleus. In general, in an enucleated oocyte (cytoplast), the nuclear envelope (NE, membrane) of an injected somatic cell nucleus breaks down and chromosomes condense. This condensation phase is followed, after subsequent activation, by chromatin decondensation and formation of a pseudo-pronucleus (i) whose morphology should resemble the natural postfertilization pronuclei (PNs). Thus, the volume of the transferred nuclei increases considerably by incorporating the content released from the germinal vesicles (GVs). In parallel, the transferred nucleus genes must be reset and function similarly as the relevant genes in normal embryo reprogramming. This, among others, covers the relevant epigenetic modifications and the appropriate organization of chromatin in pseudo-pronuclei. While reprogramming in SCNT is often discussed, the remodeling of transferred nuclei is much less studied, particularly in the context of the developmental potential of SCNT embryos. It is now evident that correct reprogramming mirrors appropriate remodeling. At the same time, it is widely accepted that the process of rebuilding the nucleus following SCNT is instrumental to the overall success of this procedure. Thus, in our contribution, we will mostly focus on the remodeling of transferred nuclei. In particular, we discuss the oocyte organelles that are essential for the development of SCNT embryos
Fenomén Almodóvar (Prolínání "malých světů" v díle Pedra Almodóvara)
No full textCHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES Department of Electronic Culture and Semiotics Bc. Jakub Turčan Phenomenon Almodóvar (The Interdigitation of "Small Worlds" in the Work of Pedro Almodóvar) Thesis Supervisor: Mgr. Josef Fulka, Ph.D. Thesis Abstract Prague 2013 Abstract The paper focuses on the problem of authorship by means of an in-depth analysis of the film work of the Spanish director Pedro Almodóvar. The analysis is preceded by setting the author's work in the context of its origin, introduction of its so far existing content, as well as the concepts this work employs. Due to the hypertextual character of this postmodern oeuvre, the study is based on the concept of small worlds by Umberto Eco, hence the worlds of fiction with limited content in comparison to the actual world. The complete film work is perceived as a self- contained, yet within its character an ever open Text. The interdigitation of its small worlds is understood as a series of intratextual references, however the work also monitors its intertextual and, as a blend of these two, the transtextual content. Presenting the directors unique signature, combining several known approaches of the film creation with his own style- constituting elements, the analysis adduces the auteurist character - first described by the film...UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA HUMANITNÍCH STUDIÍ Katedra Elektronické kultury a sémiotiky Bc. Jakub Turčan Fenomén Almodóvar (Prelínanie "malých svetov" v diele Pedra Almodóvara) Vedúci práce: Mgr. Josef Fulka, Ph.D. Abstrakt diplomovej práce Praha 2013 Abstrakt Diplomová práca sa sústreďuje na problematiku autorstva prostredníctvom hĺbkovej analýzy filmového diela španielskeho režiséra Pedra Almodóvara. Analýze predchádza uvedenie autorovho diela do kontextu jeho vzniku, predstavenie jeho doterajšieho obsahu, ako aj pojmoslovie, s ktorým táto práca narába. Nakoľko má toto postmoderné dielo hypertextuálny charakter, je jeho skúmanie podložené konceptom malých svetov Umberta Eca, teda svetov fickie v porovnaní s aktuálnym svetom obsahovo obmedzenejších. Súhrnné filmové dielo vníma práca ako ucelený a zároveň svojim charakterom stále otvorený Text. Prelínanie jeho malých svetov chápe ako procesy intratextuálneho odkazovania, no sleduje aj jeho intertextuálne a ako prepojenie predchádzajúcich dvoch i transtextuálne obsahy. Prezentujúc režisérov nezameniteľný rukopis kombinujúci viaceré známe prístupy filmovej tvorby s vlastnými štýlotvornými prvkami, vyjavuje analýza auteuristický charakter - pôvodne uvedený filmovou teóriou predstaviteľov Francúzskej novej vlny - tejto tvorby. V záverečnej časti práca...Katedra elektronické kultury a sémiotikyDepartment of Electronic Culture and SemioticsFaculty of HumanitiesFakulta humanitních studi
Phenomenon Almodóvar (The Interdigitation of "Small Worlds" in the Work of Pedro Almodóvar)
No full textCHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES Department of Electronic Culture and Semiotics Bc. Jakub Turčan Phenomenon Almodóvar (The Interdigitation of "Small Worlds" in the Work of Pedro Almodóvar) Thesis Supervisor: Mgr. Josef Fulka, Ph.D. Thesis Abstract Prague 2013 Abstract The paper focuses on the problem of authorship by means of an in-depth analysis of the film work of the Spanish director Pedro Almodóvar. The analysis is preceded by setting the author's work in the context of its origin, introduction of its so far existing content, as well as the concepts this work employs. Due to the hypertextual character of this postmodern oeuvre, the study is based on the concept of small worlds by Umberto Eco, hence the worlds of fiction with limited content in comparison to the actual world. The complete film work is perceived as a self- contained, yet within its character an ever open Text. The interdigitation of its small worlds is understood as a series of intratextual references, however the work also monitors its intertextual and, as a blend of these two, the transtextual content. Presenting the directors unique signature, combining several known approaches of the film creation with his own style- constituting elements, the analysis adduces the auteurist character - first described by the film..
Oocyte activation is a cytoplasm-confined event so far; what about the nucleus?
No full textThe fertilizing spermatozoa induce a Ca2+ oscillatory pattern, the universal hallmark of oocyte activation, in all sexually reproducing animals. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) like intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) bypass the physiological pathway; however, while a normal Ca2+ release pattern occurs in some species, particularly humans, artificial activation is compulsory for ICSI-fertilized oocytes to develop in most farm animals. Unlike the normal oscillatory pattern, most artificial activation protocols induce a single Ca2+ spike, undermining proper ICSI-derived embryo development in these species. Curiously, diploid parthenogenetic embryos activated by the same treatments develop normally at high frequencies and implant upon transfer in the uterus. We hypothesized that, at least in ruminant's embryos, the oscillatory calcium waves late in the first cell cycle target preferentially the paternal pronucleus and are fundamentally important for paternal nuclear remodeling. We believe that Ca2+ signaling is central to full totipotency deployment of the paternal genome. Research in this area could highlight the asymmetry between the parental genome reprogramming timing/mechanisms in early development and impact ARTs like ICSI and cloning
The Reform Catholic Josef Dobrovský
No full textReformní katolík Josef Dobrovský The Reform Catholic Josef Dobrovský Josef Táborský The goal of this dissertation thesis is to introduce Josef Dobrovský as a priest influenced by the Enlightenment and participating in reformative effort in Catholic church of 18th century. Author of this dissertation has not focused on Josef Dobrovský's excellent scientific work but rather on the importance of Josef Dobrovský as both the scholar and the the man oriented towards the Christian faith and questions connected with it
Josef Formánek prose write (talented, admired, cursed)
No full textThis thesis aims to introduce a new figure in Czech prose, Josef Formanek. The focus is predominantly on the interpretation and evaluation of the novel Mluviti pravdu. Other parts of the thesis deal with a comprehensive characterisation of individual works of the author. The outcome is to depict how Josef Formanek is placed in the context of contemporary Czech literature. The aim of the thesis is to provide a monography about the new author of Czech prose ,whose monography hasn't been written up as of yet
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