1,721,018 research outputs found
Cannabinoid acids analysis.
No full textThe cannabinoid pattern of vegetable preparations from Cannabis sativa (hashish, marijuana) allows to recognize the phenotype of the plants, to be used as drug or for fiber. Cannabinoid determination by analytical point of view has represented some problems caused by the complex composition of the hexane extract. Capillary gas chromatography of the hexane extracts of vegetable samples, shows the presence of rather polar constituents that eluted, with noticeable interactions, only on polar phase. The compounds can be methylated by diazomethane and silanized (TMS) by silylating reagents. The methyl and methyl-TMS derivatives are analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The identification of the compounds shows their nature of cannabinoid acids, which the main by quantitative point of view results the cannabidiolic acid (CBDA). It is known that the cannabinoid acids are thermally unstable and are transformed in the corresponding cannabinoids by decarboxilation. This is of interest in forensic analysis with the aim to establish the total amount of THC in the Cannabis preparations, as the active component
Composizione della farzione lipidica e sua distribuzione nelle diverse parti dell'acino in Vitis vinifera, cv Fortana
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Composition and distribution of lipids in different parts of the seed from Vitis vinifera cv. Fortana
No full textLipid composition was determined in the separated seeds and pulp + peel of grape cv. Fortana. Tabulated results reveal important differences in composition. The seed oil contained 9.7% palmitic, 6.8% stearic, 20.5% oleic and 63.0% linoleic acid (vs. 11.7, 2.9, 19.0 and 34.0% in the pulp + peel); 1.5% cholesterol, 12.6% campesterol, 12.2% stigmasterol and 72.0% beta-sitosterol (vs. 0.6, 5.0, 3.8 and 88.1%, as well as 2.5% 7 stigmasterol, 11.4% erythrodiol and 2.6% uvaol, the last 2 not found in seed oil). The methylsterol fraction of the seed oil showed no known compounds, while pulp + seed contained only oleanoic and ursolic acid. Significant differences were also found in the alcohol (linear and terpene) and hydrocarbon fractions
Effect of dietary fish oil supplements on livel of n-3 Polynsatutated Fatty Acid, trans Acids and Conjugated linoleic Acid in Ewe Milk
No full textThree groups of ten lactating Sardinian ewes were used between 3rd and 6th month of lactation to determine the effects of supplementing diets with n-3 fatty acids on milk production and milk fat composition. The control group (A) was fed on a mixture of Gramineae hay with a pelleted alfalfa and concentrate; the other groups (13 and C) were given the control ration supplemented with graded levels of fish oil. Milk content of nutritionally important fatty acids (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA; trans acids and conjugated linoleic acid, CLA) was determined by gas chromatography. Unlike cow milk, milk of normally fed ewes contained detectable quantities of n-3 PUFA and higher amounts of CLA. The supplementation with fish oil resulted in an increased milk fat levels of n-3 PUFA, CLA and trans isomers. There was a positive correlation (R-2 = 0.964) between the trans and n-3 fatty acid content in ewe milk, and a close positive correlation (R-2 = 0.996) between CLA and trans monoenoic fatty acid contents. PUFA supplementation resulted in a slightly, but not statistically significative, decrease of milk fat percentage. On the contrary, dietary fish oil markedly affected milk production: ewes fed on the n-3 supplemented diet produced more milk than the ewes fed with the control diet
Two faces for Janus: recombinant human erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and cancer mortality.
No full textUntreated anemia in cancer patients has severe consequences for many organ systems. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are indicated for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia in cancer patients. Several studies in patients with solid tumors have shown that these agents effectively increase hemoglobin levels, improve the quality of life and reduce the requirement for emergency blood transfusions, regardless of the type of concomitantly administered chemotherapy. The meta-analysis evaluates the impact of ESAs during the active study period on mortality and the overall survival during the longest available follow-up, irrespective of anticancer treatment, with little heterogeneity between trials. A total of 10,441 patients on chemotherapy were enrolled in 38 trials. There was little evidence for a difference between trials of patients administered different anticancer treatments (p for interaction = 0.42). The meta-analysis demonstrated that ESAs increased mortality by 17% during the active study periods and worsened overall survival in patients with cancer. However, 62% of patients evaluated in this analysis started the ESA therapy with basal hemoglobin values over that recommended by ASCO/ASH guidelines. However, the high quality of meta-analysis and the novelty of the information do not represent an obstacle for the continued the use of ESAs within the revised European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) guidelines and the revised labels
Effects of sour rot on composition of the lipid fraction of different parts of the grape berry from Vitis vinifera cv. Fortana
No full textAt the commercial ripeness stage, healthy grapes and those affected by sour rot were sampled from cv. Fortana, and whole grapes and the separated pips and pulp + skin were analysed for total lipids, triglyceride composition, fatty acid composition of the triglycerides, sterol composition, terpenic acid composition and hydrocarbon composition. Results are tabulated. Total lipid contents decreased in diseased pips and increased in diseased pulp + skin. Grape pip triglyceride composition was similar in both samples, but pulp + skin from diseased grapes had higher levels of C42-C50, and lower levels of C52 and C54 triglycerides than that from healthy grapes. These results are reflected in fatty acid composition, except that in addition pips from sour rot grapes had decreased C18:2 and increased C18:1 contents vs. healthy grapes. beta-Sitosterol content was slightly lower in pips, and notably lower in pulp + skin, from diseased grapes, but other sterols did not differ significantly. Oleanoic acid and the aldehyde, and erythrodiol were found in pulp + skin (not pips) of both sets of grapes
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