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Use of psychotropic drugs and associated dental diseases. PMID: 25492713
No full textPatients with problems related to central nervous system dysfunctions are often treated with psychotropic drugs. These include antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, anticonvulsants, and drugs blocking specific receptors in the brain such as anticholinergics or beta-blockers. However, these medications have serious side effects affecting the oral health. In addition, many dental patients make use of psychoactive drugs, such as amphetamine, ecstasy, and cocaine. This article aims to review data on the psychotropic drugs being used in the last 30 years, their pharmacological profile, with special attention to the side effects related to the oral health. Oral diseases such as bruxism, orofacial dystonia, oromandibular dyskinesia, and rabbit syndrome are related to extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs because of their antagonist activity on the dopaminergic receptors. Drugs with anticholinergic and/or antiadrenergic effects such as tricyclic antidepressants may cause dry mouth and related complications such as candidiasis and other oral infections. Among mood stabilizers, lithium treatment induces a wide range of side effects on oral system including dry mouth, sialorrhea, infections, and ulceration of the oral cavity. Psychostimulants may instead provoke xerotomia, gingival enlargements, bruxism, dental erosion, mucosal ulceration, and oral/nasal lesions. This literature review supports the idea that the higher prevalence of oral diseases among patients with mental disorders may be attributed to the side effects of their medications mediated by complex interactions between different targeted receptors. Thus, dentists must be aware of the possible risks of these medications in order to take appropriate precautions in treating these patients.Patients with problems related to central nervous system dysfunctions are often treated with psychotropic drugs. These include antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, anticonvulsants, and drugs blocking specific receptors in the brain such as anticholinergics or beta-blockers. However, these medications have serious side effects affecting the oral health. In addition, many dental patients make use of psychoactive drugs, such as amphetamine, ecstasy, and cocaine. This article aims to review data on the psychotropic drugs being used in the last 30 years, their pharmacological profile, with special attention to the side effects related to the oral health. Oral diseases such as bruxism, orofacial dystonia, oromandibular dyskinesia, and rabbit syndrome are related to extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs because of their antagonist activity on the dopaminergic receptors. Drugs with anticholinergic and/or antiadrenergic effects such as tricyclic antidepressants may cause
IL LASER NEL TRATTAMENTO DELL’IPERSENSIBILITà DENTINALE. STUDIO AL SEM
No full textl'ipersensibilità dentinale è una delle più comuni cause di dolore dentale. E' dovuta a stimoli esogeni sui tubuli dentinali esposti. scopo di questa ricerca è quello di valutare al SEM, su campioni con dentina appositamente esposta, la chiusura dei tubuli dentinali dopo trattamento con ND:Yag laser utilizzato a diversi livelli di energia. I risultati mostrano come il laser produca fusione della dentina e chiusura dei tubuli dentinali esposti anche a bassi livelli di energia (40mJ), specialmente nei campioni con fango dentinale
Management of osteonecrosis of the jaws induced by radiotherapy in oncological patients: preliminary results
Full text linkAbstract
OBJECTIVE:
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a bone aseptic necrosis which develops on post-irradiated bone tissue of patients who underwent radiotherapy for head-neck tumors. The mandible presents a higher risk to develop ORN, if compared to the maxillary bone, due to its lower vascularization. The aim of the present study is to clinically assess the regenerative ability by the epithelial and connective tissues, in response to ORN onset.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Authors have verified the importance of the surgical-pharmacological treatment, as an effective protocol for eliminating the exposed bone sequestration, as well as the teeth eventually damaged by the radiotherapy, assessing that the epithelium can regenerate only on healthy and vital tissues.
RESULTS:
The reported patient underwent resection of a portion of the left mandible with an incomplete healing after the surgery. A second curettage was scheduled in order to remove the bands of necrotic tissue and to obtain a clinical remission of symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS:
In patients undergoing radiotherapy, the dental surgeon should be able to give an early diagnosis of the dental and maxillofacial related pathologies; he should also detect all the possible infective sources and administer any possible treatment in a short time, before the beginning or the prosecution of radiotherapy
La Gestione dell'Igiene Orale nel Paziente Geriatrico non-autosufficiente per Assistenti Familiari Geriatrici
No full textVengono indicati tutti i meccanismi di perdita di autosufficienza dal punto di vista odontoiatric
LINGUA A CARTA GEOGRAFICA IN UN PAZIENTE ANZIANO AFFETTO DA PSORIASI ED EPATITE C
No full textOral problems increases with age because of the modifications of oral mucose and the simultaneous presence of other diseases
EZIOPATOGENESI, DIAGNOSI E TERAPIA DEL BRUCIORE ORALE
No full textIl bruciore orale è un’ affezione diffusa soprattutto fra gli anziani; può essere secondario a varie patologie di carattere generale (infezioni del cavo orale, disordini endocrini, diabete, deficit di acido folico e ferro,allergie, gastriti ecc) o primitivo. In quest’ultimo caso si parla di Sindrome della Bocca Urente o BMS, caratterizzata dal fatto che colpisce soprattutto le donne in menopausa e spesso si accompagna a disgeusia e a xerostomia. Fra le varie possibili cause di tale patologia, si annoverano in letteratura fattori psicologici e fattori ormonali, ma ultimamente l’ipotesi eziologica che appare più accreditata è quella di una neuropatia che colpirebbe le vie nervose centrali o periferiche del trigemino. Sono tuttavia necessari ulteriori studi ed approfondimenti per confermare queste asserzioni
EVOLUZIONE DELLA MALOCCLUSIONE NEL TEMPO: STUDIO LONGITUDINALE PROSPETTICO - PARAMETRI OCCLUSALI
No full textOSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT AND DENTAL CARE
No full textAbstract
Osteoporosis is characteristic pathology of the elderly. The World Health Organization utilizes the
Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of the lumbar spine or proximal femur to assess the loss of bone density.
Maxillary and mandibular bones show the highest turnover and the analysis of their bone density
may allow an early assessment and early prevention of osteoporosis. The treatment of osteoporosis
makes use of various drugs, including bisphosphonates. These may be administered by OS or IV.
These drugs are very effective but may cause osteonecrosis of the jaw mainly teeth extractions. It’s
therefore necessary a proper clinical evaluation by the prescribing physician, adequate information
of the patient and a close collaboration with the dentist before and during treatment with bisphosphonate
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