796 research outputs found
[photograph] Adrian Mole (theatervoorstelling) : Sue Townsend, Luc Frans en Eva Bal /
No full textFotoarchief Michiel HendryckxVan l. naar r. : Townsend, Frans, BalSchrijfster (Townsend), acteur (Frans), regisseur (Bal)Bijzondere collectiesHendryckx, MichielHet digitaal beeld dat u bij deze foto ziet, werd na digitalisering bewerkt door Michiel Hendryckx zelf. De analoge foto kan afwijken van dit digitaal beeld
Differences in profiles of emotional behavioral problems across instruments in verbally fluent versus language impaired children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textThere has been increasing attention to the assessment of minimally verbal (MV) children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous research has begun to examine the relationship between verbal abilities and emotional and behavioral problems (EBP). The current study compared parent-reported EBP in children of differing language levels on two instruments commonly used in ASD research and clinical practice, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). The study consisted of 1,937 6-18 years old children with ASD from the Simons Simplex Collection. Children were divided into three language groups, by ADOS module (Module 1 = MV, 2 = phrase speech (PS), 3 and 4 = verbally fluent (VF)) and then compared on CBCL and ABC subscales. The ABC and CBCL showed different patterns of elevations across the language groups. MV children were reported to have more impairment than VF children on the ABC Irritability, Lethargy and Hyperactivity scales. Children with less language (MV and PS) exhibited less impairment on the CBCL Internalizing domain than VF children, but did not differ on the Externalizing domain. Post hoc comparisons showed that Internalizing differences were driven by fewer children with less language exhibiting clinically elevated Anxious/Depressed scores compared to VF children. The present study underscores the significance of considering language when assessing EBP. Results have implications for the psychiatric screening of children with ASD, particularly those with language impairments. Researchers should exercise caution when applying EBP instruments designed for use with different populations and purposes to broad samples of children.Peer reviewe
Autism spectrum disorder symptoms from 2 to 19: implications for diagnosing adolescents and young adults
No full textThis study explored change in social-communicative symptoms in 140 individuals with childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnoses. Trajectories of caregiver-reported social-communicative symptoms were examined for three groups (verbal, delayed speech, minimally verbal) from ages 2 to 19 years. Groups showed comparable levels of social-communicative impairment at 2 and significant decreases in overall symptom levels across the 17-year period (p<.001). Across three subdomains, main effects of time and language (p<.001) reflected patterns of overall improvement, though children with more impaired language tended to have more caregiver-reported symptoms relative to verbal peers. A significant time-by-language interaction (p<.001) reflected that trajectories of socioemotional reciprocity symptoms differed according to patterns of language development. In contrast, improvements in the nonverbal communication domain were seen across language groups, whereas deficits in the development and maintenance of relationships improved for only verbal children. Verbal adults showed significant reductions in the prevalence of several symptoms exhibited during childhood. Improvements suggest that symptoms indicative of ASD in young children may no longer be diagnostic markers in adolescents and adults. Relative stability of several items suggests that impaired facial expression may be a core ASD symptom that warrants more systematic study across the lifespan. Research investigating the manifestation of ASD in older individuals is needed to foster development of appropriate assessment tools and interventions. Differential relationships to developmental factors within the broader social-communication domain underscores a need to focus on more narrowly defined symptom constructs when exploring links between pathophysiology and observable phenotypes.Peer reviewe
Non-contact estimation of heart rate and oxygen saturation using ambient light
No full text0000-0003-0345-6989WOS: 000347474800009PubMed ID: 25657877We propose a robust method for automated computation of heart rate (HR) from digital color video recordings of the human face. In order to extract photoplethysmographic signals, two orthogonal vectors of RGB color space are used. We used a dual tree complex wavelet transform based denoising algorithm to reduce artifacts (e. g. artificial lighting, movement, etc.). Most of the previous work on skin color based HR estimation performed experiments with healthy volunteers and focused to solve motion artifacts. In addition to healthy volunteers we performed experiments with child patients in pediatric intensive care units. In order to investigate the possible factors that affect the non-contact HR monitoring in a clinical environment, we studied the relation between hemoglobin levels and HR estimation errors. Low hemoglobin causes underestimation of HR. Nevertheless, we conclude that our method can provide acceptable accuracy to estimate mean HR of patients in a clinical environment, where the measurements can be performed remotely. In addition to mean heart rate estimation, we performed experiments to estimate oxygen saturation. We observed strong correlations between our SpO2 estimations and the commercial oximeter readings (C) 2014 Optical Society of AmericaScientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla Sitki Kocman University [13/108]This study was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Mugla Sitki Kocman University, project number 13/108. The author wishes to thank Dr. Alkan Bal for his comments and help in conducting the PICU experiments
Narrant menjar, fent-nos urbans: Glub i l’estètica d’allò quotidià
No full textEste ensayo ofrece algunas reflexiones sobre el aspecto estético de la ciudad de hoy en día, erigida sobre residuos, e incluso sobre basura. Retoma un primer acercamiento al tema, desarrollado en 2004, a través de un documental sobre el paisaje urbano berlinés bajo la influencia de la migración. La autora se detiene en la textura de la ciudad basada no tanto en las innovaciones tecnológicas que continúan usando energías fósiles, sino en los restos, en la “suciedad” de las costumbres que los migrantes traen consigo desde sus hogares. En particular, se interesa en la costumbre de comer semillas en espacios públicos, elaborando a partir de aquí una mirada a la cultura urbana “desde abajo” y que permite visibilizar otros tejidos sociales.This essay reflects upon the esthetic appearance of today’s city, built on waste, and even garbage. It takes up and elaborates a previous approach to this subject in 2004, through a documentary on urban landscape, specifically, Berlin’s, under the influence of migration. The author focuses on the texture of the city based not so much on the technological innovations that continue to spend fossil energies, as on the remainders, the “filth” linked to the customs migrants carry from their homes. Mieke Bal is interested, in particular, in the custom of eating seeds in public spaces, from which she develops a look on urban culture “from below”, making visible other social textures.Aquest assaig ofereix algunes reflexions sobre l’aspecte estètic de la ciutat d’avui dia, fundada sobre residus i, fins i tot, escombraries. Reprèn un primer acostament al tema, desenvolupat el 2004, a través d’un documental sobre el paisatge urbà berlinès sota la influència de la migració. L’autora es centra en la textura de la ciutat basada no tant en les innovacions tecnològiques que continuen utilitzant energies fòssils, sinó en les deixalles, en la “brutícia” dels costums que els immigrants porten amb ells des de la seva llar. En particular, s’interessa en el costum de menjar llavors en espais públics, elaborant a partir d’aquí una mirada a la cultura urbana “des de sota” i que permet donar visibilitat a altres teixits socials
Predictors of longer-term development of expressive language in two independent longitudinal cohorts of language-delayed preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textBackground: Studies estimate that 30% of individuals with autism are minimally verbal. Understanding what factors predict longer-term expressive development in children with language delays is critical to inform identification and treatment of those at-risk for persistent language impairments. The present study examined predictors of expressive language development in language-delayed preschoolers followed through later school-age and young adulthood.
Methods: Children using single words or less on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) at approximately 3 years old were drawn from the Early Diagnosis (EDX) and Pathways in ASD longitudinal cohorts. Age-3 predictors of Age-19 ADOS language level were identified using Classification and Regression Trees (CART) in the EDX sample. Linear mixed models examined the effects of CART-identified predictors on Vineland expressive communication (VExp) trajectories from Age-3 to Age-19. The same linear mixed models were examined in the Pathways sample, identifying predictors of VExp from ages 3 to 10.5 years.
Results: Significantly delayed fine motor skills (T-score < 20) was the strongest CART predictor of Age-19 language. In the linear mixed models, time, Age-3 fine motor skills and initiation of joint attention (IJA) predicted VExp trajectories in the EDX sample, even when controlling for Age-3 visual receptive abilities. In the Pathways sample, time and Age-3 fine motor skills were significant predictors of VExp trajectories; IJA and cognitive skills were not significant predictors.
Conclusions: Marked deficits in fine motor skills may be a salient proxy marker for identifying language-delayed children with ASD who are at risk for persistent language impairments. This finding adds to the literature demonstrating a relation between motor and language development in ASD. Investigating individual skill areas (e.g., fine motor and nonverbal problem-solving skills), rather than broader indices of developmental level (e.g., nonverbal IQ) may provide important cues to understanding longer-term language outcomes that can be targeted in early intervention.Peer reviewe
Rozszczelnianie pola językowej uznawalności : o mobilności kulturowej dramatu ukraińskiego w Polsce po 24 lutego 2022
No full textArtykuł jest próbą włączenia refleksji na temat mobilności kulturowej dramatu i teatru ukraińskiego w Polsce po 24 lutego 2022 w obręb badań nad wielojęzycznością i wieloetnicznością teatru w kontekście współczesnych ruchów migracyjnych. W centrum zainteresowania znajdują się strategie przedstawieniowe ukraińskich dramatów prezentowanych w Polsce w szczególnych okolicznościach wywołanych pełnowymiarową napaścią Rosji na Ukrainę. Autorka analizuje wybrane czytania performatywne dramatów tłumaczonych na język polski oraz projekty teatralne ukraińskich artystów realizowane w Polsce, by zbadać różne architektury międzykulturowego spotkania w ramach działań artystycznych i wzmacniania podmiotowości przybyszów z Ukrainy, między innymi poprzez równouprawnienie ich języka. Za najistotniejszy element architektury międzykulturowego spotkania uznaje różne strategie rozszczelniania pola językowej uznawalności, które sytuuje omawiane na polskim gruncie zjawiska w obrębie szerszych badań nad performatywnością języka i jego cielesną materialnością oraz performowania uchodźctwa.This article undertakes to inscribe considerations on the cultural mobility of Ukrainian drama and theater in Poland after 24th February 2022 into research on theater multilingualism and multiethnicity in the context of contemporary migration. It focuses on the peformative strategies of Ukrainian dramatic texts presented in Poland under the extraordinary circumstances resulting from Russia’s full-scale attack on Ukraine. The author analyzes selected performative readings of dramas translated into Polish, as well as theater projects carried out in Poland by Ukrainian artists, in order to explore the various architectures of intercultural encounter involved in artistic activities and enhancement of the agency of Ukrainian incomers, also through the empowerment of their language. As the most important element of the architecture of intercultural encounter she identifies various strategies of cracking the field of linguistic recognition, which situates phenomena discussed in the Polish context within the broader framework of research on the performativity of language and its corporeal materiality, as well as the performance of refugeeism
A business-leisure traveller goes to Valencia: Fuel, CO2, time and cost
No full textTourism is a fast-growing key industry, which provides an economic rationale for governments to stimulate it. The more it grows, the higher the negative environmental effects and the more the use of space, resources, pollution and travel. Sustainable tourism aims to strike a balance between the environmental, economic and social effects of tourism. The aim of this article is to find the optimal itinerary for an individual traveller to a congress hotel in Valencia. The main research question is as follows: Which itinerary has the best overall score in terms of CO 2 per passenger kilometre, travel time and direct cost? Three scenarios were compared: Airplane plus, train plus and car only. The choice of these three suits the travel purpose and length. Literature was used to find the necessary trip and vehicle data. This was fed into a microsimulation model. The main outcome of the simulation experiment is that the environment would benefit if the traveller would favour the train plus scenario. This, however, has a time penalty compared to the airplane plus scenario. A trip by car is the least preferable, because of CO 2 emissions, travel safety and time. Direct costs of all three scenarios are comparable. Rail has the lowest emissions per passenger in the scenarios, hence it is important that network improvement programs continue and ticket prices stay in line with the price of travelling by car or airplane. An individual traveller was chosen for different reasons. One reason is that after understanding individual touristic travel decisions and their impact, it is a small step to estimate what is feasible if many more individuals would become ecofriendly touristic travellers. A second reason is that it allows an advice for governments and businesses to target individual tourists. Finally, there is the communicative impact of simplification on individual tourists. Transport and Plannin
The impact of a CO2 reduction target on the private car fleet in the netherlands
No full textClimate change mitigation calls for a massive reduction in CO2-emissions from human sources. A primary human source is combustion of fossil fuels. Transport by road is one of the major and growing users of fossil fuels worldwide. Private cars with internal combustion engines dominate our roads. This paper discusses the feasibility of aligning CO2-emissions of private cars with the Paris Climate Agreement for 2030. It starts in 2010. Country of study is The Netherlands. The relation between climate change and air pollution is taken aboard. The following research questions will be addressed: How many private cars were there in The Netherlands, how many kilometres were driven and what were their CO2, NOx and PM10 emissions in 2010? What would these values be in the year 2030 assuming continuation of current trends in technology and policy? What could these values be if there were only full electric vehicles (FEV) on the road by 2030? Would behavioural change be necessary to reach the national CO2-reduction target for 2030? In the simulation model assumptions were used about car ownership and volume, electric cars, fuel efficiency and electricity mix. Car production could be limited to the most fuel-efficient and lowest emission electric cars. Buyers’ choice would become restricted. Fulfilling the Dutch CO2-emission reduction target for 2030 is only possible by using state-of-the-art technology in a fleet of 100% full electric cars (FEV) and a major reduction in yearly car kilometres (either per car or via fewer cars). This assumes a revolution in car production and sales and an active mobility reduction and modal shift policy. The first has just started, while the second and third are unlikely after decades of liberal policy-making, which has stimulated car mobility by expanding the road network, increasing maximum speeds and cutting public transport budgets.Transport and Plannin
The impact of hybrid engines on fuel consumption and emissions of heavy-duty trucks
No full textOverland transport of goods mainly goes by road. Road freight transport, trucking in particular, has a large share in the energy consumption, CO2-emissions and air pollution by human activities. This will become an even bigger issue with the expected massive growth of road freight transport.Climate change mitigation asks for a major reduction of CO2-emissions from human origin. Improvement of air quality is a second reason why trucking companies have to look for alternative engine-fuel configurations: Biodiesel, gas and electricity. The paper answers two research questions:1.New truck technologies are under way, what impact could these have on fuel consumption and emissions related with the fuel consumption of trucks?2.How realistic is large-scale introduction of these new technologies before the year 2030?A model was used to estimate the emissions of CO2, NOx and PM10 of a truck transporting goods along a pre-defined route consisting of city roads and highways. The volumes and composition of the emissions vary depending on the data entered by the user: Route/distance, fuel efficiency/consumption, emission factors and engine-fuel configuration. The model was used for a micro-simulation, but an extension towards a macro-simulation model is feasible. This would allow to estimate the impact on fuel consumption and emissions for a fleet of trucks. The model indicates that the main benefit of an alternative like biodiesel lies in the reduction of PM10-emissions. Electric trucking is necessary to drastically reduce CO2-emissions and air pollution.In a few years from now hybrid diesel-electric trucks will become common. Full-electric trucks energized by internal (hydrogen in fuel cells) and/or external (trolley-like, high density batteries) sources are feasible well before the year 2030. Electric trucking means a drastic change in the use of fuels with implications for the electricity grid as well.Keywords: Energy consumption, emissions, heavy-duty trucks, environment, conditions.Transport and Plannin
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