1,721,177 research outputs found

    Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy-related Mechanisms of Endothelial and Platelets Function Alterations

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    Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection into a chronic condition, which has allowed the infected population to age and become prone to chronic degenerative diseases common to the general population, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and coronary artery disease (CAD). Possible causative mechanisms of HIV-associated CAD are related to classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and fat redistribution, which may be due to either HIV infection or to HAART-associated toxicity. However, other mechanisms are emerging as crucial for the cardiovascular complication of HIV and HAART. This article analyzes the effects of HIV and HAART on endothelial function, endothelium-leukocyte interactions, and platelets as possible mechanisms of enhanced cardiovascular risk

    Central nervous system side effects of antiviral drugs.

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    The use of antiviral drugs (AVD) has greatly expanded in the last few years, and these drugs are frequently used in patients with impaired functions and barriers, and therefore a higher risk of adverse effects. However, it is difficult to ascribe with certainty to these drugs CNS symptoms which can be caused by the viral disease itself. In this paper, we reviewed the available informations on CNS side effects of commonly used AVD. No large case-control or cohort study has been published and most informations come from single case reports or short series, in which the neurological symptoms have not been fully described. It is concluded that ad hoc studies are urgently needed to exactly know the extent of the problem and it is suggested that physicians should be prepared to recognize and carefully describe the early manifestations of AVD neurological toxicity

    A case of severe cdfepime-related neutropenia in a 15-year-old patient

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    We describe the case of a 15-y-old boy with a post-surgical osteoarticular infection, who developed a severe neutropenia after 24 days of treatment with cefepime. Our report suggests that, although rare, severe neutropenia should be considered by clinicians when prescribing cefepime, especially if long-term therapy is expected
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