3,716 research outputs found
Validazione italiana della Fraboni Scale of Ageism e differenze di genere ed età
No full textIntroduzione. Il termine ageism, traducibile in italiano come ageismo (Salvioli, 2004) o anzianismo (Severgnini, 2006), sta ad indicare gli stereotipi, i pregiudizi e le discriminazioni basati sull’età. Si tratta di un fenomeno che può interessare molto l’Italia essendo seconda solo al Giappone per numero di over 65; ciò nonostante pochissima attenzione è stata rivolta all’ageism in rapporto all’invecchiamento della popolazione, con la conseguenza di una carenza di strumenti idonei alla sua rilevazione.
Obiettivi e metodi. Scopo del presente lavoro è quello di pervenire alla validazione italiana della Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA; Fraboni, Saltstone e Hughes, 1990) e di esplorare le differenze in base al genere e all’età dei partecipanti. A tal fine saranno presentati i risultati di due studi, che hanno coinvolto rispettivamente 571 (età: M = 28.21 anni, DS = 9.90, range = 18 - 60 anni; sesso: maschi = 15.5%, femmine = 84.5%) e 256 soggetti (età: M = 39.94 anni, DS = 14.47, range = 18-65; sesso: maschi = 51.6%, femmine = 48.4%). Sono state condotte Analisi Fattoriali Esplorative e Confermative, analisi dell’affidabilità e della varianza.
Risultati. Le procedure di validazione hanno confermato la struttura trifattoriale della scala, pur con delle differenze, rispetto alla versione originale, in termini di distribuzione e selezione degli item. Le tre dimensioni presentano inoltre adeguati livelli di coerenza interna in entrambi gli studi: Separazione ed evitamento (α = .78; .76), Stereotipi e luoghi comuni (α = .74; .73), Emozioni negative e discriminazione (α = .62; .60). Per quanto riguarda le analisi per gruppo, sono emerse differenze significative sia in base al genere che all’età sulla dimensione Emozioni negative e discriminazione: in particolare, gli uomini possiedono più alti livelli di pregiudizio rispetto alle donne e i giovani rispetto agli adulti.
Conclusioni. Le procedure di validazione hanno condotto a risultati simili a quelli dei precedenti studi (Fraboni et al., 1990; Rupp et al., 2005; Bodner e Lazar, 2008) e offrono supporto alla generalizzabilità della struttura della scala. Anche le analisi per genere ed età hanno prodotto risultati in linea con la letteratura (Fraboni et al., 1990; Kalaver, 2001; Rupp et al., 2005). Concludendo la Fraboni Scale of Ageism costituisce un valido strumento per la rilevazione di stereotipi, pregiudizi e discriminazioni verso gli anziani e può contribuire a consolidare questo filone di studi in contesto italiano
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights, Biogenetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge: The Case of the Sateré-Mawé People
No full textUsing data mining techniques to predict the severity of bicycle crashes
No full textTo investigate the factors predicting severity of bicycle crashes in Italy, we used an observational study of official statistics. We applied two of the most widely used data mining techniques, CHAID decision tree technique and Bayesian network analysis. We used data provided by the Italian National Institute of Statistics on road crashes that occurred on the Italian road network during the period ranging from 2011 to 2013. In the present study, the dataset contains information about road crashes occurred on the Italian road network during the period ranging from 2011 to 2013. We extracted 49,621 road accidents where at least one cyclist was injured or killed from the original database that comprised a total of 575,093 road accidents. CHAID decision tree technique was employed to establish the relationship between severity of bicycle crashes and factors related to crash characteristics (type of collision and opponent vehicle), infrastructure characteristics (type of carriageway, road type, road signage, pavement type, and type of road segment), cyclists (gender and age), and environmental factors (time of the day, day of the week, month, pavement condition, and weather). CHAID analysis revealed that the most important predictors were, in decreasing order of importance, road type (0.30), crash type (0.24), age of cyclist (0.19), road signage (0.08), gender of cyclist (0.07), type of opponent vehicle (0.05), month (0.04), and type of road segment (0.02). These eight most important predictors of the severity of bicycle crashes were included as predictors of the target (i.e., severity of bicycle crashes) in Bayesian network analysis. Bayesian network analysis identified crash type (0.31), road type (0.19), and type of opponent vehicle (0.18) as the most important predictors of severity of bicycle crashes
Milano consolato nell' elettione a questo arciuescouado, e promotione alla sagra porpora dell' eminentissimo Federico Visconti : colla sua solennissima entrata seguita a' 11. genaro 1682 e fontioni antecedenti /
No full textFrontispiece coat of arms of Milan, engraved by Federico Agnelli.Signatures: pi⁴ A-G⁴ H⁴(-H4).Mode of access: Internet.Binding: limp vellum. Author & title written on spine
The Intricate Pathways From Empowering Leadership to Burnout: A Deep Dive Into Interpersonal Conflicts, Work-Home Interactions, and Supportive Colleagues
No full textAim/Purpose:This study builds upon existing research by investigating the elements contributing to or buffering the onset of burnout symptoms. We examine the relationship between empowering leadership and burnout, considering the concurrent mediation effects of interpersonal workplace conflict, work-home conflict, and support from coworkers.
Background: Burnout is a phenomenon that has been widely considered in the scientific literature due to its negative effect on individual and organizational well-being, as well as implications for leadership, coworker support, and conflict resolution. A deeper understanding of burnout prevention strategies across various professional contexts is paramount for enhancing productivity and job satisfaction.
Methodology: Using a survey-based cross-sectional design, we employed a combination of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to investigate the direct and indirect influences of empowering leadership on four dimensions of employee burnout, mediated by coworker support, interpersonal conflict at work, and work-home conflict.
Contribution: This study provides initial insights into the direct and indirect influences of empowering leadership on various dimensions of burnout, highlighting the complex interplay with coworker support, work-home conflict, and workplace interpersonal conflicts. Ultimately, the study provides a comprehensive approach to understanding and mitigating burnout.
Findings: Empowering leadership and coworker support can significantly reduce burnout symptoms, while high levels of work-home conflict and interpersonal conflict at work can exacerbate them. Our findings underscore the paramount role of interpersonal conflict in predicting burnout, urging organizations to prioritize resolving such issues for burnout prevention.
Recommendation for Researchers: Following our findings, organizations should (a) promote empowering leadership styles, (b) foster coworker support and work-life balance, and (c) address interpersonal conflicts to reduce the likelihood of employee burnout while ensuring that these strategies are tailored to the specific context and culture of the workplace.
Future Research: Future research should broaden the exploration of leadership styles’ effects on burnout, identify additional mediators and moderators, expand studies across sectors and cultures, examine differential impacts on burnout dimensions, leverage advanced analytical models, and investigate the nuanced relationship between work contract types and burnout
Assessing the Relationship between Cognitive Workload, Workstation Design, User Acceptance and Trust in Collaborative Robots
No full textCollaborative robots are revolutionising the manufacturing industry and the way workers perform their tasks. When designing shared workspaces between robots and humans, human factors and ergonomics are often overlooked. This study assessed the relationship between cognitive workload, workstation design, user acceptance and trust in collaborative robots. We combined subjective and objective data to evaluate the cognitive workload during an assembly task in three different scenarios in which we manipulated various features of the workstation and interaction modalities. Our results showed that participants experienced a reduction in cognitive workload in each of the three trials, indicating an improvement in cognitive performance. Additionally, we found that user acceptance predicted perceived stress across the trials but did not significantly impact the cognitive workload. Trust was not found to moderate the relationship between cognitive workload and perceived stress. This study has the potential to make a significant contribution to the field of collaborative assembly systems by providing valuable insights and helping to bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners. This study can potentially impact companies looking to improve safety, productivity and efficiency
Human Likeness in robots: Differences between industrial and non-industrial robots
No full textThis study aims to provide an original investigation of the morphological features and the anthropomorphic characteristics of industrial robots. In the introduction, we summarise some empirical findings on the topic, drawing to the Uncanny Valley hypothesis and other theoretical frameworks. Subsequently, we conduct an argumentative literature review to elicit the connection between industrial use and morphological features of robots, particularly in the European and Italian robotic context. We hypothesise that non-industrial robots are distinguishable from the other types of robots basing on their degree of Human Likeness and that facial features are crucial in determining such difference, whilst hands and fingers would report a higher level of HL in industrial robots. We tested our hypothesis using the open-source ABOT database, which aggregates descriptions of robots for industrial and non-industrial use. We found support for our hypothesis (p=.04, F=2.88). Ultimately, we offer some considerations about the physical features associated with the use of robots in the industrial context and their functionality
Corso Laboratorio 2 per il Progetto Lauree Scientifiche: "Elettroni e Fotoni dagli Atomi ai Solidi"
No full textLo studio del comportamento di elettroni e fotoni nei semiconduttori, e della loro interazione, costituisce la base per la comprensione dei fenomeni ottici ed elettrici in semiconduttori. L’interazione radiazione-materia e le proprietà ottiche ed elettroniche dei semiconduttori sono alla base dello sviluppo dei moderni dispositivi optoelettronici a semiconduttore.
Gli argomenti trattati durante il corso verteranno su: modello dei livelli energetici dell'atomo, effetto fotoelettrico da livelli profondi, fluorescenza,interazione radiazione materia, proprietà elettriche e ottiche dei solidi. Alcune applicazioni: dispositivi optoelettronici (celle solari fotovoltaiche, LED, LASER).
Gli studenti “osserveranno” i livello energetici degli atomi ed eseguiranno misure sperimentali della resistività elettrica e del coefficiente di assorbimento ottico in semiconduttori
Ge deep donors in CdTe
No full textEsperimento presso European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, Francia) approvato dal review panel internazional
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