1,721,114 research outputs found
CD8+ T suppressor cells are back to the game. Are they players in autoimmunity?
No full textThe CD8+ T suppressor lymphocytes identified in humans belong to three different subpopulations. All of them inhibit the proliferation of antigen-specific T cells. The type 1 and type 2 of CD8+ T suppressor cells are characterized by the CD8+CD28− phenotype, while no detailed data are available at the moment on the phenotype of the type 3 of CD8+ T suppressor cells. The type 1 of CD8+ suppressor T lymphocytes acts by inducing alteration of expression of co-stimulatory molecules on dendritic cells. A cell-to-cell contact is required to mediate this effect. The type 2 of CD8+ T suppressor cells induces inhibition via cytokine secretion (IFNγ, IL6) and do not need to interact directly with antigen presenting cells. The type 3 of CD8+ T suppressor cells mediates its function through the secretion of IL10. The complexity and multiplicity of CD8+ T suppressor cell subsets suggests that these cells may have an important role in the regulation of the immune homeostasis, acting together with the CD4+ T regulatory cell subpopulations. The specificity of the functions of each of these suppressor/regulatory subsets in the immune network requires to be clarified to better understand the immune system, its functions and the possibilities to modulate its activities in the course of immune-mediated diseases
CD8(+) T regulatory/suppressor cells and their relationships with autoreactivity and autoimmunity
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Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted presentation of influenza virus nucleoprotein peptide by B lymphoma cells harboring an antibody gene antigenized with the virus peptide.
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A case of successful pregnancy in a woman with systemic sclerosis treated with cyclosporin.
No full textDisruption of immunological tolerance: role of AIRE gene in autoimmunity
No full textThe mechanism underlying the generation of T and B autoreactive clones in autoimmune diseases is still unknown. Among
genetic factors implicated in autoimmunity, Autoimmune Regulator gene (AIRE) is one of the candidates to better understand
the complex scenario of autoimmune manifestations.
AIRE mutations are responsible for the development of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy
(APECED) with monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance; it has been shown that AIRE regulates the negative selection of
autoreactive T cells clones, driving the transcription of tissue-specific antigens in thymic epithelial cells.
In various autoimmune manifestations correlated or not to APECED, AIRE variants act in a semidominant manner, leading to
a reduction in AIRE protein amount per cell, and consequently to a marked decrease in ectopic proteins expression in the thymus.
The co-occurrence of autoimmune diseases in the same individual has prompted several studies aimed to recognize shared
patho-physiological mechanisms; in this scenario small reductions in function could explain the predisposition to autoimmunity
in AIRE-heterozygous carriers of missense mutations; further studies to investigate whether the AIRE gene is involved in
determining these autoimmune manifestations should be carried out
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