1,721,002 research outputs found
Cross-national differences in determinants of multiple deprivation in Europe
Full text linkThis paper analyses the relationship between deprivation, income and other individual dimensions over time, in eleven European countries, exploiting the longitudinal nature of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP). First, the determinants of deprivation are analysed by using individual fixed effects models for each country separately. Second, a decomposition of the deprivation gaps between countries highlights the main reasons for the differentials across Europe. The results show that changes in income and deprivation do not strictly coincide and highlight the importance of employment status and income sources. In countries where deprivation is higher income is more effective in reducing the deprivation differential. However, a relevant part of the deprivation gap is attributable to a country specific effect revealing the importance of unobserved factors like cultural attitudes and institutions
High Inflation and Wage Rigidity: The Implicit Response of the Italian Tax-Benefit System
Full text linkWe study income redistribution in Italy in a context in which benefits are indexed to high inflation, wages struggle to keep pace, and most tax parameters are not indexed. We isolate the contribution of indexation-induced changes in taxes and benefits to the government budget and inequality reduction. Our findings reveal three key effects: i ) generating resources equivalent to 0.75% of GDP in 2023; ii )distributing these resources disproportionately, favoring retirees who experience a 2.2 percentage-point larger increase in disposable income than private sector employees; and iii ) reducing overall inequality while reinforcing the redistributive capacity of the government
General Macroeconomic Framework of the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean Countries: Social Indicators and Fiscal Policies
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Homeownership Investment and Tax Neutrality: a Joint Assessment of Income and Property Taxes in Europe
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The effects of Minimum Income schemes on the working-age population in the European Union
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