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    The use of Thermoanalytical techniques in the characterization of ancient mortars Thermochim. Acta 227 , (1993) 215 - 223

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    Using different techniques (TG/DTA, XRD and chemical analysis), a comparative investigation on calcitic and dolomitic mortars, from two different Italian buildings of the 11th and 14th centuries, has been performed. By correlating the thermal effects and the steps in the TG curves, it has been possible to reach a semi-quantitative evaluation of the binders in both types of mortars, the results being in good agreement with the chemical data, and to explain the influence of the other components on the thermal behaviour of such complex systems

    Pd-catalysed oxidative carbonylation of amino-alcohols to N,N’-bis(hydroxyalkyl) ureas under mild conditions using molecular oxygen as the oxidant

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    A very simple method has been developed for the selective synthesis of symmetrical N,N0- bis(hydroxyalkyl)ureas, OC[NH-(CH2)x-OH]2 (x = 3–6), by oxidative carbonylation of a,v-amino alcohols [3-aminopropanol (3-AP), 4-aminobutanol (4-AB), 5-aminopentanol (5-APe), 6-aminohexanol (6-AH)] with CO/O2 mixtures (O2 = 5 mol%) in the presence of Pd(II)/ligand/NEt3HI catalytic systems. The catalytic process takes place under very mild conditions (p(CO/O2) = 0.1 MPa; 303–333 K). The target products can be isolated in high yield through a very simple and straightforward procedure. The catalytic system can be easily recovered and recycled for several times. The influence of a few reaction parameters (nature of ancillary ligand and iodide co-catalyst, I/Pd molar ratio, etc.) on the catalytic activity has also been investigated and the mainmechanistic features of the catalytic process fully elucidated
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