1,720,986 research outputs found
Proposing an open-source model for unconventional participation to energy planning
No full textIn this paper we present MELiSsa, a local multi-regional energy system model of a specific area: the Lombardy region. MELiSsa, implemented through an open-code modeling framework (OSeMOSYS), is built upon transparent relations and open data. Building this model is a first step towards four main goals: (i) extending the energy planning process of the region to citizens and experts usually not involved; (ii) exploiting this uncommon participation for a crowd-source development; (iii) providing a simple tool for interested local citizens to get consciousness of the technological and behavioral limits of their energy system; (iv) providing a real-case-based platform for interdisciplinary research and academic purposes possibly beyond the region boundaries. The current structure and input data of MELiSsa are presented and discussed together with a demonstrative analysis. Preliminary results show that interdisciplinary participation is enabled as an opportunity and it is needed to properly model technological dynamics as well as non-technological issues that will be relevant within the path to reach environmental, economic and social targets
Combining photovoltaic energy with electric vehicles, smart charging and vehicle-to-grid
No full textElectric vehicles are expected to greatly increase their market share in the near future. Their impact on the energy system will depend also on the way electricity will be generated. Renewable energy sources and intelligent control strategies will offer relevant solutions to mitigate that impact. In this paper we study the combination of photovoltaic energy and electric vehicles under uncontrolled charging regime and under the application of smart charging and vehicle-to-grid strategies. The analysis assumes different levels of photovoltaic generation and different penetrations of the electric vehicles.
The assignment is carried out by means of an open source linear optimization model named EVLS, which simulates the interactions between the electric vehicles and the upstream energy system by considering market, technical and behavioral constraints. The results show that a high photovoltaic capacity could cover only a small portion of the transportation demand, if the charge is uncontrolled. In such a case, the non-photovoltaic generation would be required to severely ramp up in the late afternoon hours. An intelligent control of the charge could better accommodate the photovoltaic energy and reduce the ramps. The vehicle-to-grid could additionally help harnessing the photovoltaic energy to shave the peaks of the conventional load profile
Review on the Stochastic Nature of Photovoltaic Generation and Its Impact on the Energy Systems: why it matters
No full textAs the share of photovoltaic (PV) generation is growing worldwide, so is the concerns about its stochastic nature that can complicate the operation and planning of energy systems. With this paper we give an overview on the topic, analyzing and quantifying the stochasticity of PV and its impact on energy systems, with a main focus on the generation sector. The impact is analyzed in terms of ability to replace conventional generation, required operating reserves, and requirements of related storage systems. The work is a literature review detecting concerning matters, interesting methods to quantify the problem, interesting results and open matters. The paper may be interesting for system operators, policy makers, researchers and producers
An Instrumental Contribution to Include the Impact of PV on Capacity Adequacy in Long-Term Energy Models.
No full textModeling the Energy Features of a Vehicle-to-Home System to Provide User-Specific Technical Requirements
No full textThe combined management of vehicle-to-home and distributed generation can provide several benefits. Costs and benefits would differ depending on the technical requirements and the utilization profiles. In this study we use the EVLS model to simulate and analyze the dynamics that would occur in a hypothetical household provided with a vehicle-to-home system and a rooftop photovoltaic plant. The aim is to understand how different surrounding conditions can impact on specific technical requirements. The model shows to be instrumental for the purpose and the results indicates that, depending on the case, no additional benefits might exist when increasing the capacity of the battery and the vehicle-home connection over certain value
Including smart charging and vehicle-to-grid strategies in long term energy models
Full text linkThe long term benefits and costs of many technologies and control applications of the next future will depend on short time span dynamics. The resolution of most available economic energy system models is not able to detect their impact on the long time horizon. By adding equations to the code of OSeMOSYS, the open source energy system model, we enabled electric vehicles and related smart control strategies to be taken into account in a long term perspective. An application to a local case study explores the effect of the penetration of the electric vehicles on the power load and the role of the smart control strategies in shaving the additional peaks and pursuing environmental targets
Impact of Detailed Hydropower Representation in National Energy System Modelling
Full text linkRenewables are becoming more and more important due to the ambitious decarbonization targets. In this scenario, the improved integration of hydropower can play a crucial role thanks to its programmable operation, which is a valuable feature. In some countries it is a primary alternative to fossil resources, for example Italy, where hydro currently covers roughly half of the renewable power generation. Hydropower flexibility poses considerable modelling challenges due to the scarce availability of data. This work aims at addressing this research gap, by analysing the impact of hydropower details on energy system models. Using open-source information, a detailed dataset of Italian hydroelectric programmable plants (pumped hydro and reservoirs) is created. For each plant, storage capacity, geographical location, and nominal power are available. The multiannual historical operational data are exploited to derive a precipitation inflow timeseries for each electricity market bidding zone, which is then distributed on power plants aggregated by administrative region. This new set of data is applied to a multi-node, multi-sector, and multi-vector energy system model, which optimises the design and operation of a carbon-neutral Italian energy system, looking at a 2050 framework with assigned energy vectors demand. Results are compared to those of a fixed-hydropower operation case, thus being able to assess how the modelled flexibility impacts the optimal solution. The analysis favours an improved understanding of future energy systems, helping to shape properly integrated systems with a great amount of non-programmable sources
Electrification of Heat Demand: An Estimation of the Impact on the Future Italian Energy System
Full text linkThe aim is to assess the impact of the civil sector’s heat demand electrification on the entire energy system, in the Italian case study. The hourly heat demand profiles are estimated at census cells level using the BIN method or monitoring data. Profiles are used as input in the oemof-based NEMeSI model employed to optimize both the capacity expansion of power generation and the operation of the power system in 2030, with hourly temporal resolution and NUTS2 spatial detail, in three heat demand electrification scenarios. The model considers the availability of sources, the import and export profiles, and the limit on renewable sources. The results show that no additional capacity of renewable energy is driven by the increasing electrification in fact the installed capacity remains the same in the three scenarios (97GW of photovoltaic and 33GW of wind turbines). The increase of power demand results in a reduction of overgeneration (48.6TWh to 38.3TWh), an increase in installed batteries (40.6GWh to 115.3GWh) and in CHP (+10%) and CCPP systems (+16%). The results show a slight increase of natural gas in electricity generation (+5.2TWh) respect to a high reduction in its use in civil sector’s heat demand (-68.5TWh)
Implications of the photovoltaic generation on the non-photovoltaic generation in the Lombardy region
No full textPhotovoltaic generation has reached high penetration levels in many countries. Photovoltaic like other variable renewables can have significant implications for the adequacy and operation of the power system and in general these implications can be location specific. This work focuses on the Lombardy region, in Italy, to study the implications that different penetrations of photovoltaic would have on the need for firm generation capacity and on the variability that this firm capacity would have to face. This is done by analyzing a the combination of real historical irradiance and demand data for the year 2012. Results show that even high penetrations of photovoltaic in the region would not reduce the need for firm generation. Moreover, high levels of generation from PVwould lead to higher and more frequent changes in generation. These considerations must be properly taken into account when encouraging the penetration of photovoltaic and when modeling power systems for planning purposes
New proposal for the assessment of the impact of EVs, smart charging and V2G on the grid
No full textThe substitution of the conventional fleet with plug-in Electric Vehicles (EVs) is one possible path towards the decarbonisation and more sustainability of private transportation. However, benefits related to a high number of vehicles, and the measures that could mitigate negative effects on the electric grid have to be assessed. In this paper a new model is presented for investigating the effect of a high-medium penetration of EVs on a local grid and their role on the emissions reduction. Besides it allows analyzing how the smart charging and the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) options can reduce the additional load or even support the power grid stability. Pro and cons are presented and a case study is proposed
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