170,992 research outputs found
Il prelievo venatorio degli uccelli selvatici in Liguria al vaglio della Corte di Giustizia (Nota a Corte di Giustizia delle Comunità Europee, Sez. VI, 15.05.2008, causa C 503/06)
No full textBiocompatibility of materials and constructive systems in the housebuilding between XIX and XX centuries
No full textBiocompatibility of materials and constructive systems in the
housebuilding between XIX and XX century
Giovanni Fatta and Calogero Vinci
Dipartimento di Progetto e Costruzione Edilizia (DPCE)
University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Key words: biocompatibility, sustainability, hygiene, public health, historical architecture
Abstract
The new trends of building industry are a recent conquest that, in relationship to sustainability,
confirm among the primary objectives to pursue requisites of materials salubriousness, hygiene and
ecology. Also in normative sphere, we recently are spectator of a innovation in materials idea: in many
norms the importance attributed to aspects related to ecocompatibility and biocompatibility, like the
emission of particles, gas and harmful substances, of radiations results evident, and also the possibility
that materials can contribute to micro organisms development.
But before this revolution for many years, in some cases already beginning from the half of XIX
century, were used materials potentially dangerous for human health. Basing on actual knowledge, it
results essential a profound study not only of materials and actual technological solutions, but also of
techniques and traditional materials, for estimate the possible dangers during the building construction
and fruition, maintenance or demolition. The asbestos, for example, was used already in the XIX
century as aggregate in interior plasters, in concrete tiles, as component of linoleum, in panels, in
cardboards, in fabrics, "to make a mass" in paints, all these particularly insidious cases, in that fibers
could easily be detached from support because of aging.
Also the lead poisoning caused by white-lead paintings use in historical buildings became in some
Countries a problem of public health. Another problem that doesn't concern only the contemporary
housebuilding is that concerning the biocides: between the XIX and XX century were used substances
based on creosote or arsenic, and with these substances wooden parts of buildings and masonries were
impregnated.
It results therefore necessary to probe the "application history" of some materials, also in the historical
architecture. Some of these substances were paradoxically appreciated for their hygienic and even
therapeutics characters, therefore very diffused in hygienic-healthy typologies realized between the
XIX and XX century, buildings that still constitute a not negligible part of our building patrimony
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